Rocky Mountain Research Station

Wildlife and Terrestrial Ecosystems Program Publications

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Wightman, C., V. Saab, C. Forristal, K. Mellen-Mclean, and A. Markus. In press (2010). White-headed woodpecker nesting ecology after wildfire. Journal of Wildlife Management.

Schwartz, M.K., G. Luikart, K.S. McKelvey, and S.A Cushman. In press. Chapter 9. Landscape Genomics: A Brief Perspective. In: Spatial Complexity, Informatics, and Wildlife Conservation. Springer.
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Bricker, M., D.E. Pearson, and J.M. Maron. In press. Small mammal seed predation limits the recruitment and abundance of two perennial grassland forbs. Ecology.

Russell, R.E., A. Royle, V. Saab, W. Block, J. Lehmkuhl, and J. Sauer. In press. Modeling the response of wildlife communities to environmental disturbance: quantifying the effect of prescribed fire treatments on avian communities in a coniferous forest in Washington. Ecological Applications.

McKenzie, D., C.L. Raymond, and S. Cushman. In Press. Modeling understory vegetation and its response to fire. In J.J. Millspaugh and F.R. Thompson, III, (eds.) Models for planning wildlife conservation in large landscapes. Elsevier.

Salafsky, S.M. In press. Population ecology of the northern goshawk in California in The northern goshawk in California: a technical assessment of its current status and ecology. Woodbridge, B., J. Keane, D. Hansen, and J. Dunk, technical editors. USDI Fish and Wildlife Service Technical Report, Yreka, California.

Cushman, S.A. and K. McGarigal. In Press. Landscape metrics and scales of resolution. Chapter 4 in K.V. Gadow, (ed.), Adaptive Design of Forested Landscapes: The Multiple Path Principle. Springer.

Luikart, G., K. Pilgrim, J. Visty, V. Ezenwa, and M.K. Schwartz. In Press. Parasite-mediated heterozygote advantage in wild bighorn sheep detected via noninvasive fecal sampling. Biology Letters 4:228-231.

Cushman S.A., and K.S. McKelvey. In press. Chapter 6. Data on Distribution and Abundance: Monitoring for Research and Management. In: Spatial Complexity, Informatics, and Wildlife Conservation. Springer.
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McKelvey, K.S., S.A. Cushman, and M.K. Schwartz. In press. Chapter 17. Landscape Genetics. In: Spatial Complexity, Informatics, and Wildlife Conservation. Springer.

Krausman, P. R., V. C. Bleich, W. M. Block, D. E. Naugle, and M. C. Wallace. In press. Rangeland conservation practices and wildlife. USDA NRCS Conservation Effects Assessment Report.

Ortega, Y.K., and D.E. Pearson. In press. Effects of picloram application on community dominants vary with initial levels of spotted knapweed invasion. Invasive Plant Science and Management 0:00-00.

Grubb, T. G. is author of one chapter In press. The Eagle Watchers Cornell University Press - more information forthcoming.

Wood, W.F., J.P. Copeland, R.E. Yates, I.K. Horsey, L.R. McGreevy. In press. Potential semiochemicals in urine from free ranging wolverines (Gulo gulo Pallas, 1780). Biochemical Systematics and Ecology xxx (2009) 1–5
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Krausman, P. R., D. E. Naugle, M. R. Frisina, R. Northrup, V. C. Bleich, W. M. Block, M. C. Wallace, and J. D. Wright. In press. Livestock grazing, wildlife habitat, and rangeland values. Rangelands.

Pope, T. L., and W. M. Block. In press. Effects of prescribed fire on winter assemblages of birds in ponderosa pine forests of Northern Arizona. Southwestern Naturalist.

Zwolak, R., D.E. Pearson, Y.K. Ortega, and E.E. Crone. In press. Fire and mice: Seed predation trumps fire’s influence on conifer recruitment. Ecology

Pater, L. L., T. Grubb, and D. Delaney. 2009. Recommendations for Improved Assessment of Noise Impacts on Wildlife The Journal of Wildlife Management. 73(5) 788-795.
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Dickson, B. G., B. R. Noon, C. H. Flather, s. Jentsch, and W. M. Block 2009. Quantifying the multi-scale response of avifauna to prescribed fire experiments in the southwest United States. Ecological Applications, 19(3), 2009, pp. 608–621.
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Russell, R.E., A. Royle, V. Saab, J. Lehmkuhl, W. Block, and J. Sauer. 2009. Modeling the effects of environmental disturbance on wildlife communities: avian responses to prescribed fire. Ecological Applications, 19(5), 2009, pp. 1253-1263.
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Buckland, S.T., R.E. Russell, B. Dickson, V. Saab, D. Gorman, W. Block. 2009. Analysing designed experiments in distance sampling. Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics 14: 432-442.
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Beja-Pereira, Albano Rita Oliveira, Paulo C. Alves, Michael K. Schwartz and Gordon Luikart. 2009. Advancing ecological understandings through technological transformations in noninvasive genetics. Molecular Ecology Resources 9, 1279–1301
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Pearson, D.E. and Y.K. Ortega. 2009. Managing invasive plants in natural areas: moving beyond control. Pgs. 1-21 in (ed.) Rudolf V. Kingley, Weeds: Management, Economic Impacts and Biology. Nova Publishers, NY.
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Ruggiero, L. 2009. The Value of Opinion in Science and the Forest Service Research Organization. Journal of Wildlife Management 73(5):811–813.
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Forristal, C. 2009. Influence of Postfire Salvage Logging on Black-Backed Woodpecker Nest-Site Selection and Nest Survival. M.S. thesis. Montana State University, Bozeman. 103p
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Russell, R. E., V. Saab, J. Rotella, and J. Dudley. 2009. Detection probabilities of woodpecker nests in mixed conifer forests in Oregon. The Wilson Journal of Ornithology 121(1):82–88.
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Iniguez, J.M., Swetnam, T.W., and C.H. Baisa. 2009. Spatially and temporally variable fire regime Rincon Peak, Arizona, US. Fire Ecology 5:3-21.
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Pearson, D.E. 2009. Invasive plant architecture alters trophic interactions by changing predator abundance and behavior. Oecologia (2009) 159:549–558.
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Pope, T. L., W. M. Block, and P. Beier. 2009. Prescribed Fire Effects on Wintering, Bark-Foraging Birds in Northern Arizona. Journal of Wildlife Management 73(5):695–700.
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Schwartz, M.K., J. P. Copeland, N. J. Anderson, J.R. Squires, R.M. Inman, K.S. Mckelvey, K.L. Pilgrim, L.P. Waits, and S. A. Cushman. 2009. Wolverine gene flow across a narrow climatic niche. Ecology, Vol. 90, No. 11.
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Saab, V.A., R.E. Russell, J.G. Dudley. 2009. Nest-site selection by cavity-nesting birds in relation to postfire salvage logging. Forest Ecology and Management 257: 151-159.
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Cushman, S.A., K.S. McKelvey, and M.K. Schwartz. 2009. Evaluating habitat connectivity and mapping of corridors between Yellowstone National Park and the Canadian Border with landscape genetics and least cost path analysis. Conservation Biology 23:368-376.

Brinkman, T., M.K. Schwartz, D.K. Person, K.L. Pilgrim, K.J. Huntertmark. 2009. Effects of time and rainfall on PCR success using DNA extracted from deer fecal pellets. Conservation Genetics. DOI 10.1007/s10592-009-9928-7
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Pearson, D.E. 2009. Biological invasions on oceanic islands: implications for island ecosystems and avifauna. . Pages 3-14 in Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Migratory Birds. Seabirds in danger: invasive species and conservation of island ecosystems. Keynote address. Mokpo, Korea, 25 September.
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Hansen, A. K., Y. K. Ortega, and D. L. Six. 2009. Comparison of ground beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) assemblages in Rocky Mountain savannas invaded and un-invaded by an exotic forb, spotted knapweed. Northwest Science 83(4):348-360.
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Francesca Marucco, Daniel H. Pletscher, Luigi Boitani, Michael K. Schwartz, Kristy L. Pilgrim and Jean-Dominique Lebreton 2009. Wolf survival and population trend using non-invasive capture–recapture techniques in the Western Alps. Journal of Applied Ecology. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2009.01696.x
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McKelvey, K.S., S.A. Cushman, M.K. Schwartz, and L. F. Ruggiero. 2009. Wildlife sampling across multiple spatial scales using grid-based sampling. Pgs. 137-142 in: R. E. McRoberts, G. A. Reams, P. C. Van Deusen, and W. H. McWilliams editors. Eighth annual Forest Inventory and Analysis symposium. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report WO-79. 404 pgs.
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Crone, E. E., M. Marler, D. E. Pearson. 2009. Non-target effects of broadleaf herbicide on a native perennial forb: a demographic framework for assessing and minimizing impacts. Journal of Applied Ecology 46:673-682.
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Schwartz, M.K. and K.S. McKelvey. 2008. Why sampling scheme matters: the effect of sampling scheme on landscape genetic results. Conservation Genetics 10:441–452.
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Noon, B. R., K. S. McKelvey, and B. G. Dickson. 2008. Multispecies conservation planning on U. S. federal lands. Pgs. 51-83 in: J. J Millspaugh and F. R. Thompson (editors). Models for Planning Wildlife Conservation in Large Landscapes. Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
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Sturdivant, R.X., J.J. Rotella, and R. E. Russell. 2008. A Smoothed Residual Based Goodness-of-Fit Statistic for Nest-Survival Models. Studies in Avian Biology No. 34:45–54.
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S.R. Hurteau, Sisk, T.D., Block, W.M., Dickson, B.D. 2008. Fuel-Reduction Treatment Effects on Avian Community Structure and Diversity. The Journal of Wildlife Management 2(5)
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Pearson, D. E. and R. M. Callaway. 2008. Weed biocontrol insects reduce native plant recruitment through second-order apparent competition. Ecological Applications, 18(6), pp. 1489–1500.
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Kendall, K.C. and K.S. McKelvey. 2008. Chapter 6: Hair Collection. Pgs. 135-176 in: R.A. Long, P. MacKay, J.C. Ray, and W.J. Zielinski, Editors. Noninvasive Survey Methods for North American Carnivores. Island Press, Washington D.C.
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Ganey, J. L., Telles, A. J. and Ramsey, M. A. 2008. Status and Ecology of Mexican Spotted Owls in the Gila Region, New Mexico. The New Mexico Botanist, Special Issue 1, p34-48.
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Fowler, J., C. Sieg, B. Dickson, and V. Saab. 2008. Exotic plant species diversity: influence of roads and prescribed fire in Arizona ponderosa pine forests. Range Ecology and Management 61: 284-293.
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Luikart G, Pilgrim K, Visty J, Ezenwa V, and Schwartz MK. 2008. Candidate gene microsatellite variation is associated with parasitism in wild bighorn sheep. Biol. Lett. (2008) 4, 228–231.
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Cushman, S.A., K.S. McKelvey, and M.K. Schwartz. 2008. Case Study 6.1: DNA survey for fisher in Northern Idaho. Pgs. 173-174 in: R.A. Long, P. MacKay, J.C. Ray, and W.J. Zielinski, Editors. Noninvasive Survey Methods for North American Carnivores. Island Press, Washington D.C.
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McKelvey KS, Aubry KB, and Schwartz MK. 2008. The use of anecdotal occurrence data for rare or elusive species: the illusion of reality and a call for evidentiary standards. Bioscience. Vol. 58 No. 6:549-555.
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Homyack JA, Vashon JH, Libby C, Lindquist EL, McAlpine DF, Pilgrim KL, and Schwartz MK. 2008. Canada lynx-bobcat (Lynx canadensis x L. rufus) hybrids at the southern periphery of lynx range in Maine, Minnesota and New Brunswick. Am. Midl. Nat. 159:504–508.
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Schwartz M. K. and Monfort S. L. 2008. Genetic and Endocrine Tools for Carnivore Surveys. In: Long RA, MacKay P, Ray JC, Zielinski WJ (eds) Noninvasive survey methods for North American carnivores. Island Press, Washington D.C.
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Youtz, J. A., R. T. Graham, R. T. Reynolds, and J. Simon. 2008. Implementing Northern Goshawk Habitat Management in Southwestern Forests: A Template for Restoring Fire-Adapted Forest Ecosystems. In: Integrated restoration of forested ecosystems to achieve multiresource benefits: proceedings of the 2007 national silviculture workshop. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-733. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 306 p.
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Pearson, D. E. and R. J. Fletcher, Jr. 2008. Mitigating exotic impacts: restoring native deer mouse populations elevated by an exotic food subsidy. Ecological Applications18 (2):321-334.
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Iniguez, J. M., T.W. Swetnam, S.R. Yool. 2008. Topography affected landscape fire history patterns in southern Arizona, USA. Forest Ecology and Management 256: 295–303.
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Bayard de Volo, S., R.T. Reynolds, M.R. Douglas, M.F. Antolin. 2008. An improved method to increase DNA yield from molted feathers. Condor 110:in press.

Courbois, J., S.L. Katz, D.J. Isaak, E.A. Steel, R.F. Thurow, A.M.W. Rub, T. Olsen, and C.E. Jordan. 2008. Evaluating probability sampling strategies for estimating redd counts: an example with Chinook salmon. Canadian Journal of Fisheries Management 65:1814-1830.
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Squires, J.R., N.J. Decesare, J.A. Kolbe, and L.F. Ruggiero. 2008. Hierarchical den selection of Canada lynx in western Montana. Journal of Wildlife Management 72:1497–1506.
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Linkhart1, B.D., E. M. Evers, J. D. Megler, E.C. Palm, C. M. Salipante, and S.W. Yanco. 2008. First Observed Instance of Polygyny in Flammulated Owls. The Wilson Journal of Ornithology 120(3):645-648.
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Lisa-Natalie Anjozian 2008. The Tao of Treating Weeds: Reaching for Restoration in the Northern Rocky Mountains. Joint Fire Science Program Fire Science Brief Issue 18, October 2008.
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Reynolds, R. T., R. T. Graham, and D. A. Boyce, Jr. 2008. Northern goshawk habitat: an intersection of science, management, and conservation. Journal of Wildlife Management 72(4)
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Huebner, D.P., S.D. Olberding, B. Peterson, and D. DeSimone. 2008. A century of meteorological observations at Fort Valley Experimental Forest: a cooperative observer program success story. In: Fort Valley Experimental Forest - a century of research 1908-2008. Conference Proceedings; August 7-9, 2008; Flagstaff, Arizona. Proceedings RMRS-P-53CD. 408 p.
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Bayard de Volo, S. 2008. Genetic studies of Northern Goshawks (Accipiter gentilis) : genetic tagging and individual identification from feathers, and determining phylogeography, gene flow and population history for Goshawks in North America Ph. D. Thesis: Colorado State University.
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Ganey, J.L, R.H. Cassidy, and W.M. Block. 2008. Estimating canopy cover in forest stands used by Mexican spotted owls: do stand-exam routines provide estimates comparable to field-based techniques? US Forest Service Research Paper RMRS-RP-72WWW. 8pp.
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Cushman, S.A., K.S. McKelvey, and M.K. Schwartz. 2008. Use of empirically derived source-destination models to map regional conservation corridors. Conservation Biology.
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Squires, J.R. 2008. Predicting the effects of forest management on lynx populations. Wild Felid Monitor: Winter 1(1):14.
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Hurteau, S.R., B.G. Dickson, T.D. Sisk and W.M. Block. 2008. Chapter 10: Avian community responses to forest thinning and prescribed surface fire, alone and in combination. In: van Riper and Sogge, editors. The Colorado Plateau III. University of Arizona Press, Tucson, Arizona. 393 pp.
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Hutto, R., C.J. Conway, V.A. Saab, and J.R. Walters. 2008. What constitutes a natural fire regime? Insight from the ecology and distribution of coniferous forest birds in North America. Fire Ecology 4:115-132.
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Jentsch, S., R.W. Mannan, B.G. Dickson, and W.M. Block. 2008. Associations among breeding birds and gambel oak in Southwestern ponderosa pine forests. Journal of Wildlife Management 72:994-1000.
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Squires, J.R. 2008. The goshawk – review of a book by Robert Kenward. Condor 110(1):191-193.
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Olberding, S. D., D. P. Huebner, C. B. Edminster. 2007. Fort Valley Experimental Forest historical photographs. [Online]. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Available: http://www.rmrs.nau.edu/imagedb/bcollection.shtml [2007, January 17].

Linkhart, B. D., and R. T. Reynolds. 2007. Return rate, fidelity, and dispersal in a breeding population of flammulated owls (Otus flammeolus). Auk 124.
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Salafsky, S. M., R. T. Reynolds, B. R. Noon, and J. A. Wiens. 2007. Reproductive responses of northern goshawks to variable prey populations. Journal Wildlife Management 71: 2274-2283.
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Ganey, J. L.; Vojta, S. C. 2007. Modeling snag dynamics in northern Arizona mixed-conifer and ponderosa pine forests.
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Cushman, S. A., K. S. McKelvey, C. H. Flather, and K. McGarigal. 2007. Do forest community types provide a sufficient basis to evaluate biological diversity? Front Ecol Environ 2008; 6, doi: 10.1890/070039
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Olberding, S. D., D. P. Huebner, C. B. Edminster. 2007. Sierra Ancha Experimental Forest historical photographs. [Online]. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Available: http://www.rmrs.nau.edu/imagedb/bcollection.shtml [2007, January 17].

Peterson, D.P., Rieman, B.E., Dunham, J.B., Fausch, K.D., and Young, M.K. 2007. Analyzing tradeoffs between the threat of invasion by brook trout and effects of intentional isolation for native westslope cutthroat trout. Pages 51-57 in Carline, R.F.; LoSapio, C., eds. 2007. Sustaining wild trout in a changing world; proceedings of
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Saab, V.A.; Block, W.; Russell, R.E.; Lehmkuhl, J.; Bate, L.; and White, R. 2007. Birds and Burns of the Interior West: Descriptions, habitats, and management in western forests. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-712. Portland, OR.
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Schwartz, M. K., K. L. Pilgrim, K. S. McKelvey, P. T. Rivera, L. F. Ruggiero. 2007. DNA Markers for Identifying Individual Snowshoe Hares Using field-collected Pellets. Northwest Science, Vol. 81, No.4.
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Schwartz MK, Luikart G, and Waples RS. 2007. Genetic monitoring as a promising tool for conservation and management. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 22: 25-33.
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Schwartz MK. 2007. Ancient DNA confirms native rocky mountain fisher Martes pennanti avoided early 20 th century extinction. Journal of Mammalogy 88:921-925.
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Ruggiero, Leonard F. 2007. Scientific independence: a key to credibility. EcoReport 2007(1-4). Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, Colorado. 20pp.
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Schwartz MK, Aubry KB, McKelvey KS., Pilgrim KL, Copeland JP, Squires JR, Inman RM, Wisely SM and Ruggiero LF. 2007. Inferring Geographic Isolation of Wolverines in California Using Historical DNA. The Journal of Wildlife Management 71:2170–2179.
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Saab, V., R. Russell, and J.G. Dudley. 2007. Nest densities of cavity-nesting birds in relation to postfire salvage logging and time since wildfire. Condor 109: 97-108.
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Kolbe, J. A., J. R. Squires. 2007. Circadian activity patterns of Canada lynx in western Montana. Journal of Wildlife Management 71:1607-1611.
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Squires, J. R., L. F. Ruggiero. 2007. Winter Prey Selection of Canada Lynx in Northwestern Montana. Wildlife Management 71(2):310–315.
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Kolbe, J. A., J. R. Squires, D. H. Pletscher, and L. F. Ruggiero. 2007. The effect of snowmobile trails on coyote movements within lynx home ranges. Journal of Wildlife Management.71(5):1409–1418
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Squires, J.R., and L.F. Ruggiero. 2007. Winter prey selection of canada lynx in northwestern Montana. Journal of Wildlife Management 71:310-315.
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Squires, J.R., J.P. Copeland, T.J. Ulizio, M.K. Schwartz, and L.F. Ruggiero. 2007. Sources and Patterns of Wolverine Mortality in Western Montana. Journal of Wildlife Management 71:2213–2220.
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Russell, R.E., R.K. Swihart, and B.A. Craig. 2007. The Effects of Matrix Structure on Movement Decisions of Meadow Voles (Microtus Pennsylvanicus). Journal of Mammalogy, 88(3):573–579.
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Cushman, S.A., D. McKenzie, D. L. Peterson, J. Littell, and McKelvey, K. S. 2007. Research agenda for integrated landscape modeling. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRSGTR-194. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 51 p.
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Kolbe, J. A., and J. R. Squires. 2007. A longevity record for Canada lynx, Lynx canadensis, in western Montana. Western North American Naturalist. 71(5):1607–1611.
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Compton, B., K. McGarigal, S.A. Cushman and L. Gamble. 2007. A resistant kernel model of connectivity for vernal pool breeding amphibians. Conservation Biology.
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Grubb, T. G., D. K. Delaney, W. W. Bowerman. 2007. Investigating Potential Effects of Heli-Skiing on Golden Eagles in the Wasatch Mountains, Utah. Final report to Wasatch-Cache National Forest, Agreement No. 05-JV-11221607-237. Rocky Mountain Research Station, Flagstaff, Arizona. 76 p.

Copeland, J. P., J.M.. Peek, C. R. Groves, W. E.. Melquist, K. S. Mckelvey, G. W. McDaniel, C. D. Long, C. E. Harris. 2007. Seasonal Habitat Associations of the Wolverine in Central Idaho. The Journal of Wildlife Management 71:2201–2212.
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Huebner, D. P. and S. R. Hurteau. 2007. An economical wireless cavity-nest viewer. J. Field Ornithol. 78(1):87–92.
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Aubry KB, McKelvey KS, Copeland JP. 2007. Distribution and Broad-scale Habitat Relations of the Wolverine in the Contiguous United States. Journal of Wildlife Management 71:2147–2158.
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Ruggiero, L. F., K. S. Mckelvey, K. B. Aubry, J. P. Copeland, D. H. Pletscher, M. G. Hornocker. 2007. Wolverine Conservation and Management. The Journal of Wildlife Management 71(7).
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Covert-Bratland, K. A., T. C. Theimer, and W. M. Block. 2007. Hairy woodpecker winter roost characteristics in burned ponderosa pine forest. Wilson Journal of Ornithology. 119.43-52.
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Hurteau, S.R. 2007. Fire and fire surrogates experimental treatments: influencing bird communities at multiple levels of organization. Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona. Thesis. 101 pp.

Delaney, D.K., and T.G. Grubb. 2007. Effects of recreational activities on Mexican spotted owls: 2005 results. Report to Fort Huachuca Environmental and Natural Resources Division. U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, Champaign, Illinois. 34 pp.

McDaniel GW, McKelvey KS. 2007. A Cost-Effective System for measuring microscale habitat use of small mammals with high precision. Wildlife Society Bulletin 34(5).
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Russell, R.E, V.A. Saab, and J. Dudley. 2007. Habitat suitability models for cavity-nesting birds in a postfire landscape. The Journal of Wildlife Management 71(8):2600–2611.
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Block, W.M. 2007. Editorial: Getting it Right. Journal of Wildlife Management 71:1023-1024.
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Block, W.M., and M.L. Morrison. 2007. Editorial: How to be Impactful. Journal of Wildlife Management 71: 1747-1748.
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Morrison, M.L., and W.M. Block. 2007. Editorial: Out With the Old. Journal of Wildlife Management 71:2447-2448.
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Block, W.M. 2007. Editorial: Is This Truly An International Journal? Journal of Wildlife Management 71:2119.
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Jordan, Mark J. , J . Mark Higley, Sean M. Matthews, Olin E. Rhodes, Michael K. Schwartz, Reginald H. Barrett and Per J. Palsbøll. 2007. Development of 22 new microsatellite loci for fishers (Martes pennanti) with variability results from across their range. Molecular Ecology Notes.
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Dudley, J. G. and V. A. Saab. 2007. Home range size of Black-backed Woodpeckers in burned forests of southwestern Idaho. Western North American Naturalist 67(4), 593–600.
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Gonzalez, P., R. P. Neilson, K. S. McKelvey, J. M. Lenihan, R. J. Drapek. 2007. Potential Impacts of Climate Change on Habitat and Conservation Priority Areas for Lynx canadensis (Canada Lynx). Report to: Watershed, Fish, Wildlife, Air, and Rare Plants Staff; National Forest System; Forest Service; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Washington, DC. and: NatureServe, Arlington, VA
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Gatto, A.E., T.G. Grubb, and C.L. Chambers. 2006. Red-tailed hawk dietary overlap with northern goshawks on the Kaibab Plateau, AZ. Journal of Raptor Research 39(4):439-444.
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Huebner, D.P. 2006. Fort Valley Experimental Forest 30-minute meteorological data: 2003-present. [Online]. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/rm/data_archive/dataaccess/FortValleyEF_30min_meteorology.shtml [2006, October 3].

Pearson, D. E. and R. M. Callaway. 2006. Biological control agents elevate hantavirus by subsidizing mice. Ecology Letters 9:442-449.
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Shick, K. R., D. E. Pearson, and L. F. Ruggiero. 2006. Forest habitat associations of the golden-mantled ground squirrel: implications for fuels management. Norwest Science 80:133-139.
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Becker, T.E., D.G. Smith, and T. Bosakowski. 2006. Habitat, food habits, and productivity of northern goshawks nesting in Connecticut. Studies in Avian Biology 31:119-125.
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Sturdevant, N., S. Kegley, Y. K. Ortega, and D. E. Pearson. 2006. Evaluation of establishment of Cyphocleonus achates and its potential impact on spotted knapweed. USDA FS FHP General Technical Report 06-08:1-9.
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Bechard, M., G.D. Fairhurst, and G.S. Kaltenecker. 2006. Occupancy, productivity, turnover, and dispersal of northern goshawks in portions of the Northeastern Great Basin. Studies in Avian Biology 31:100-108.
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Tewksbury, J.J., L. Garner, S. Garner, J.D. Lloyd, V. Saab, and T. E. Martin. 2006. Tests of landscape influence: nest predation and brood parasitism in fragmented ecosystems. Ecology 87:759–768.
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Saab, V., L. Bate, J. Lehmkuhl, B. Dickson, S. Story, S. Jentsch, and W. Block. 2006. Changes in downed wood and forest structure after prescribed fire in ponderosa pine forests. pages 477- 487 In: Andrews, P.L.; Butler, Bret W., comps. Fuels Management - How to Measure Success: Conference Proceedings. 2006 28-30 March; Portland, OR. Proceedings RMRS-P-41. Fort Collins, CO: USDA, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Biek R, Akaime N, Schwartz MK, Ruth TK, Murphy KM, and Poss M. 2006. Female philopatry leads to stable genetic population structure in wide-ranging Yellowstone cougars (Felis concolor). Biology Letters 2: 312-315.

Reynolds, R. T., J. D. Wiens, and S. R. Salafsky. 2006. A review and evaluation of factors limiting northern goshawk populations. Studies in Avian Biology 31: 260-273.
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Reynolds, R. T., R. T. Graham, and D.A. Boyce, Jr. 2006. An ecosystem-based conservation strategy for the northern goshawk. Studies in Avian Biology 31: 299-311. Studies in Avian Biology 31: 299-311.
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Russell, R.E., V. A. Saab, J. Dudley, and J. J. Rotella. 2006. Snag longevity in relation to wildfire and postfire salvage logging. Forest Ecology and Management. 232: 179-187.
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Hargis, C.D., and B. Woodbridge. 2006. A design for monitoring northern goshawks at the bioregional scale. Studies in Avian Biology 31:274-287.
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Ortega Y. K., K. S. McKelvey, D. L. Six 2006. Invasion of an exotic forb impacts reproductive success and site fidelity of a migratory songbird. Oecologia 149: 340-351.
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Underwood, J., C.M. White, and R.L. Rodriguez. 2006. Winter movement and habitat use of northern goshawks breeding in Utah. Studies in Avian Biology 31:228-238.
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Linkhart, B. D., and R. T. Reynolds. 2006. Lifetime reproduction of flammulated owls in Colorado. Journal of Raptor Research 40:29-37.

Kenward, R.E. 2006. Putting studies of North American goshawks in context. Studies in Avian Biology 31:1-4.
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Morrison, M.L. 2006. Toward a better understanding of the northern goshawk. Studies in Avian Biology 31:5-7.
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Parmentier, K. 2006. A study of bald eagles within the Great Lakes region: contaminants trends and determining sex of nestlings. Clemson University. Thesis.

Reynolds, R.T. and S.M. Joy. 2006. Demography of northern goshawks in northern Arizona 1991-1996. Studies in Avian Biology 31:63-74.
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Wiens, J. D., R. T. Reynolds, and B.R. Noon. 2006. Juvenile movement and natal dispersal of northern goshawks in Arizona. Condor 108: 253-269
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Keane, J.J., M.L. Morrison, and D.M. Fry. 2006. Prey and weather factors associated with temporal variation in northern goshawk reproduction in the Sierra Nevada, California. Studies in Avian Biology 31:85-99.
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Noon, B. R. and K. S. McKelvey. 2006. The Process of Indicator Selection. USDA Forest Service Proceedings RMRS-P-42CD :944-951.
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Rogers, A.S., S. DeStefano, and M.F. Ingraldi. 2006. Diet, prey delivery rates, and prey biomass of northern goshawks in east-central Arizona. Studies in Avian Biology 31:219-227.
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Rutz, C., R.G. Bulsma, M. Marquiss, and R.E. Kenward. 2006. Population limitation in the northern goshawk in Europe: a review with case studies. Studies in Avian Biology 31:158-197.
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Sonsthagen, S.A., R.L. Rodriguez, and C.M. White. 2006. Satellite telemetry of northern goshawks breeding in Utah – I. Annual movements. Studies in Avian Biology 31:239-251.
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Sonsthagen, S.A., R.L. Rodriguez, and C.M. White. 2006. Satellite telemetry of northern goshawks breeding in Utah – II. Annual habitats. Studies in Avian Biology 31:252-259.
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Kristine L. Pilgrim, William J. Zielinski, Mary J. Mazurek, Fredrick V. Schlexer and Michael K. Schwartz 2006. Development and characterization of microsatellite markers in the Point Arena mountain beaver Aplodontia rufa nigra. Molecular Ecology Notes (2006).
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Tornberg, R., E. Korpimäki, and P. Byholm. 2006. Ecology of the northern goshawk in Fennoscandia. Studies in Avian Biology 31:141-157.
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Boal, C.W., D.E. Andersen, P.L. Kennedy, and A.M. Roberson. 2006. Northern goshawk ecology in the western Great Lakes region. Studies in Avian Biology 31:126-134.
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Roman Biek, Naomi Akamine, Michael K. Schwartz, Toni K. Ruth, Kerry M. Murphy and Mary Poss. 2006. Genetic consequences of sex-biased dispersal in a solitary carnivore: Yellowstone cougars. Biol. Lett. (2006) 2, 312–315.
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Samuel A. Cushman, Kevin S. McKelvey, Jim Hayden, and Michael K. Schwartz. 2006. Gene Flow in Complex Landscapes: Testing Multiple Hypotheses with Causal Modeling. Am. Nat. 2006. Vol. 168, pp. 486–499.
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McKelvey, Kevin S., von Kienast, Jeffrey, Aubry, Keith B., Koehler, Gary M.; Maletzke, Bejamin T., Squires, John R., Lindquist, Edward L., Loch, Steve, Schwartz, Michael K. 2006. DNA Analysis of Hair and Scat Collected Along Snow Tracks to Document the Presence of Canada Lynx. Wildlife Society Bulletin, Vol. 34(2): 451-455
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Doyle, F.I. 2006. Goshawks in Canada: population responses to harvesting and the appropriateness of using standard bird monitoring techniques to assess their status. Studies in Avian Biology 31:135-140.
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Michael K. Schwartz, Samuel A. Cushman, Kevin S. McKelvey, Jim Hayden, and Cory Engkjer. 2006. Detecting genotyping errors and describing American black bear movement in northern Idaho. Ursus 17(2):138–148.
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DeStefano, S., M.T. McGrath, S.K. Daw, and S.M. Desimone. 2006. Ecology and habitat of breeding northern goshawks in the inland Pacific Northwest: a summary of research in the 1990s. Studies in Avian Biology 31:75-84.
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Todd J. Ulizio, John R. Squires, Daniel H. Pletscher, Michael K. Schwartz, James J. Claar, and Leonard F. Ruggiero. 2006. The Efficacy of Obtaining Genetic-Based Identifications from Putative Wolverine Snow Tracks. Wildlife Society Bulletin 34:1326-1334.
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Ray S. Vinkey, Michael K. Schwartz, Kevin S. Mckelvey, Kerry R. Foresman, Kristine L. Pilgrim, Brian J. Giddings, and Eric C. Loth. 2006. When Reintroductions are Augmentations: The Genetic Legacy of Fishers. (Martes Pennanti) in Montana. Journal of Mammalogy, 87(2):265–271.
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William J. Zielinski, Fredrick V. Schlexer, Kristine L. Pilgrim and Michael K. Schwartz 2006. The Efficacy of Wire and Glue Hair Snares in Identifying Mesocarnivores. The Wildlife Society Bulletin 34(4):1152-1161.
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Converse, S.J., W.M. Block, and G.C. White. 2006. Small mammal population and habitat responses to forest thinning and prescribed fire. Forest Ecology and Management 228:263-273.
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Carroll, C., R.L. Rodriguez, C. McCarthy, and K.M. Paulin. 2006. Resource selection function models as tools for regional conservation planning for northern goshawk in Utah. Studies in Avian Biology 31:288-298.
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Boyce, D.A., R.T. Reynolds, and R.T. Graham. 2006. Goshawk status and management: what do we know, what have we done, where are we going? Studies in Avian Biology 31:312-325.
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Bosakowski, T., and D.G. Smith. 2006. Ecology of the northern goshawk in the New York-New Jersey highlands. Studies in Avian Biology 31:109-118.
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Squires, J.R, and P.L. Kennedy. 2006. Northern goshawk ecology: an assessment of current knowledge and information needs for conservation and management. Studies in Avian Biology 31:8-62.
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Iñiguez, J.M. 2006. Landscape fire history and age structure patterns in the sky islands of southeastern Arizona. University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ. Dissertation.
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Pope, T. L. 2006. Effects of prescribed fire on wintering, bark-foraging birds in northern Arizona. Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona. Thesis. 70 pp.
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Dickson, B. G., J.W. Prather, Y. Xu, H. M. Hampton, E. N. Aumack, and T. D. Sisk. 2006. Mapping the probability of large fire occurrence in northern Arizona, USA. Landscape Ecology (2006) 21:747–761.
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Block, W.M., and M.L. Morrison. 2006. Editorial: Tread Lightly or Carry a Big Stick? Journal of Wildlife Management 71:301-302.
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Cushman, S.A. and K. McGarigal. 2006. Multi-variate landscape trajectory analysis: An example using simulation modeling of American marten habitat change under three disturbance regimes. In J. A.: Bissonette, J. A., and I. Storch. Temporal Explicitness in Landscape Ecology: Wildlife Responses to Changes in Time. Springer, New York, New York.

Morrison, M.L., and W.M. Block. 2006. Editorial: By the Time You Read This... Journal of Wildlife Management 71:681-683.
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Dickson, B.G. 2006. Multi-scale response of avian communities to prescribed fire: implications for fuels management and restoration treatments in southwestern ponderosa pine forests. Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado. Dissertation. 116 pp.

Wiens, J.D., B.R. Noon, and R.T. Reynolds. 2006. Post-fledging survival of northern goshawks: the effects of prey abundance, weather, and dispersal. Ecological Applications 16:406-418.
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Block, W.M., and M.L. Morrison. 2006. Editorial: Welcome to the New Journal of Wildlife Management. Journal of Wildlife Management 71:1-3.
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Cushman, S.A. 2006. Implications of habitat loss and fragmentation for the conservation of pond breeding amphibians: A review and prospectus. Biological Conservation 128: 231-240.

Lopez, R.G. 2006. Genetic structuring of Coues white-tailed deer in the southwestern United States. Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ. Thesis.
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Biek, R., N. Akamine, M.K. Schwartz, T.K. Ruth, K.M. Murphy, and M. Poss. 2006. Long-term genetic effects of sex-biased dispersal in a solitary carnivore: Yellowstone cougars. Biology Letters 2: 312-315.
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Wiens, J. D., B.R. Noon, and R. T. Reynolds. 2006. Postfledgling survival of northern goshawks: the effects of prey abundance, weather, and dispersal. Ecological Applications 16: 406-418.
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Covert-Bratland, K.A., W. M. Block, and T. Theimer. 2006. Hairy woodpecker winter ecology in ponderosa pine forests representing different ages since wildfire. Journal of Wildlife Management 70(5).
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Converse, S.J., G.C. White, and W. M. Block. 2006. Small mammal responses to thinning and wildfire in ponderosa pine-dominated forests of the southwestern USA. Journal of Wildlife Management 70:1711-1722.
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Drennan, J. 2006. Northern goshawk food habits and goshawk prey species habitats. Studies in Avian Biology 31: 198-218.
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Ortega, Y.K. 2006. Impacts of invasive plants on songbirds: using song structure as an indicator of habitat quality. BEMRP EcoReport. Fall.
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Jentsch, S.A. 2005. Associations among breeding birds and characteristics of gambel oak in ponderosa pine forests. University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ. 59 p. Thesis.
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Reynolds, R. T., J. D. Wiens, S. M. Joy, And S. R. Salafsky. 2005. Sampling Considerations for Demographic and Habitat Studies of Northern Goshawks. J. Raptor Res. 39(3):274–285.
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Purcell, K.L., and S.L. Stephens. 2005. Changing fire regimes and the avifauna of California oak woodlands. Studies in Avian Biology 30:33-45.
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S. S. Loew, D. F. Williams, K. Ralls, K. Pilgrim and R. C. Fleischer. 2005. Population structure and genetic variation in the endangered Giant Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys ingens). Conservation Genetics 6(4) 485-654.
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Wiens J. D. and R.T. Reynolds. 2005. Is Fledging Success a Reliable Index of Fitness in Northern Goshawks? J. Raptor Res. 39(3):210–221
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Squires, J. R. and R. Oakleaf. 2005. Movements of a male Canada lynx crossing the Greater Yellowstone Area, including highways. Northwest Science 79:196-201.
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Bayard de Volo, S., R. Reynolds, J. Topinka, B. May and M. Antolin. 2005. Population genetics and genotyping for mark-recapture studies of northern goshawks (Accipiter gentilis) on the Kaibab Plateau, Arizona. J. of Raptor Research 39: 275-284.

Newlon, K. R. 2005. Demography of Lewis's Woodpecker, Breeding Bird Densities, and Riparian Aspen Integrity in a Grazed Landscape. M.S. Thesis. Montana State University, Bozeman. 101 p.
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Cushman, S.A., M. Chase, and C. Griffin. 2005. Elephants in space and time. Oikos 109: 331-341.
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Bayard de Volo, S., R. Reynolds, J. Topinka, B. May and M. Antolin. 2005. Population genetics and genotyping for mark-recapture studies of northern goshawks (Accipiter gentilis) on the Kaibab Plateau, Arizona. J. of Raptor Research 39: 275-284.

Ganey, J. L. and W. M. Block. 2005. Winter Movements and Range Use of Radio-marked Mexican Spotted Owls: An Evaluation of Current Management Recommendations. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-148-WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 9 p.
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Reinking, D.L. 2005. Fire regimes and avian responses in the central tallgrass prairie. Studies in Avian Biology 30:116-126.
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Hannon, S.J., and P. Drapeau. 2005. Bird responses to burning and logging in the boreal forest of Canada. Studies in Avian Biology 30:97-115.
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DeCesare, N. J., J. R. Squires, and J. A. Kolbe. 2005. Effect of forest canopy on GPS-based movement data. Wildlife Society Bulletin 33:935-941.
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K. L. Pilgrim, K . S. McKelvey, A . E. Riddle And M. K. Schwartz. 2005. Felid sex identification based on noninvasive genetic samples. Molecular Ecology Notes. 5, 60–61.
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McKelvey KS and Schwartz MK. 2005. DROPOUT: a program to identify problem loci and samples for noninvasive genetic sampling in a capture-mark-recapture framework. Molecular Ecology Notes 5: 716-718.
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Vickery, P.D., B. Zuckerberg, A.L. Jones, W.G. Shriver, and A.P. Weik. 2005. Influence of fire and other anthropogenic practices on grassland and shrubland birds in New England. Studies in Avian Biology 30:139-146.
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Holthausen, R. Czaplewski RL, DeLorenzo D, Hayward G, Kessler WB, Manley P, McKelvey KS, Powell DS, Ruggiero LF, Schwartz MK, Van Horne B, and Vojta CD. 2005. Strategies for Monitoring Terrestrial Animals and Habitats. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-161. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 34p.
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Schwartz MK. 2005. Guidelines on the use of molecular genetics in reintroduction programs. European Union LIFE Nature Program, Caraminico, Italy
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McGarigal, K. and S.A. Cushman. 2005. The gradient concept of landscape structure. Pgs. 112-119. in J.Wiens and M. Moss eds., Issues and Perspectives in Landscape Ecology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Grubb, T. G. 2005. Case study - evolving research into effects of recreational activity on wildlife. Pp. 31-32 in Proceedings: the challenge of providing recreation opportunities while protecting ecosystems. Joint USDA Forest Service Southwestern Region/Urban National For Pp. 31-32 in Proceedings: the challenge of providing recreation opportunities while protecting ecosystems. Joint USDA Forest Service Southwestern Region/Urban National Forest Coalition Workshop. Tempe, AZ.
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Michael K. Schwartz L. Scott Mills. 2005. Gene flow after inbreeding leads to higher survival in deer mice. Biological Conservation 123 413–420.
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Bock, C.E., and W. M. Block. 2005. Response of birds to fire in the American Southwest. Pp. 1093-1099 in C.J. Ralph and T.D. Rich (editors). Bird conservation implementation and integration in the Americas: proceedings of the third international Partners in Flight Conference. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, General Technical Report PSW-GTR-191, Albany, CA.
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Michael K. Schwartz, Katherine Ralls, Dan F. Williams, Brian L. Cypher, Kristine L. Pilgrim and Robert C. Fleischer. 2005. Gene flow among San Joaquin kit fox populations in a severely changed ecosystem. Conservation Genetics 6: 25–37.
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Converse, S.J. 2005. Small mammal responses to forest restoration and fuels reduction. Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO. 231 p. Dissertation.
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Bock, C.E., and W. M. Block. 2005. Fire and birds in the southwestern United States. Studies in Avian Biology 30:14-32.
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Ganey, J. L. and S. C. Vojta 2005. Changes in Snag Populations in Northern Arizona Mixed-Conifer and Ponderosa Pine Forests, 1997–2002. Forest Science 51(5):396-405.
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Dudley, J. G. 2005. Home range size and foraging habitat of Black-backed Woodpeckers. M.S. thesis. Boise State University, Idaho. 76 p.
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Saab, V. A., and H. Powell (eds.). 2005. Fire and avian ecology in North America. Studies in Avian Biology No. 30.
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Rich, T.D., M.J. Wisdom, and V. A. Saab. 2005. Conservation of priority birds in sagebrush ecosystems. pages 589 - 606 in Proceedings of the Third International Partners in Flight Conference, March 20-24, 2002, Asilomar Conference Grounds, California. USDA Forest Service Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-191.
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Bowerman, W. W., Grubb, T. G., Bath, A. J., Giesy, J. P., Weseloh, D.V. Chip. 2005. A survey of potential bald eagle nesting habitat along the Great Lakes shoreline. Res. Pap. RMRS-RP-56WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 6 p.
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Block, W. M., J. L. Ganey, P. E. Scott, R. King. 2005. Prey Ecology of Mexican Spotted Owls in Pine-Oak Forests of Northern Arizona. Journal of Wildlife Management. 69(2):618-629.
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Saab, V. A., N.B. Kotliar, and W. M. Block. 2005. Relationships of fire ecology and avian communities in North America. pages 1083-1085 in Proceedings of the Third International Partners in Flight Conference, March 20-24, 2002. Ralph, C.J., Rich, T., and Long, L. (editors). USDA Forest Service Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-191.
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Ganey, J. L., W. M. Block, J. P. Ward, Jr., and B. E. Strohmeyer. 2005. Home Range, Habitat Use, Survival, and Fecundity of Mexican Spotted Owls in the Sacramento Mountains, New Mexico. The Southwestern Naturalist 50(3):323-333.
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Pearson, D. E. 2005. Biological control is more than just natural enemies. Review of Natural Enemies: an Introduction to Biological Control. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 20: 10-11.
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Ortega, Y. K., and D. E. Pearson. 2005. Weak vs. Strong Invaders of Natural Plant Communities: Assessing Invasibility and Impact. Ecological Applications 15:651-661.
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Pearson, D. E., and R. M. Callaway. 2005. Indirect nontarget effects of host-specific biological control agents: implications for biological control. Biological Control 35:288-298.
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Knick, S.T., A.L. Holmes, and R.F. Miller. 2005. The role of fire in structuring sagebrush habitats and bird communities. Studies in Avian Biology 30:63-75.
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Artman, V.L., T.F. Hutchinson, and J.D. Brawn. 2005. Fire ecology and bird populations in eastern deciduous forests. Studies in Avian Biology 30:127-138.
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Huff, MH., N.E. Seavy, J.D. Alexander, and C.J. Ralph. 2005. Fire and birds in maritime Pacific Northwest. Studies in Avian Biology 30:46-62.
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Saab, V. A. and H.D.W. Powell. 2005. Fire and Avian Ecology in North America: Process influencing pattern. Studies in Avian Biology 30: 1-13.
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Saab, V. A., H.D.W. Powell, N.B. Kotliar, and K.R. Newlon. 2005. Variation in fire regimes of the Rocky Mountains: implications for avian communities and fire management. Studies in Avian Biology 30: 76-96.
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Mills, L. S., P. C. Griffin, K. E. Hodges, K. Mckelvey, L. Ruggiero, T. Ulizio. 2005. Pellet count indices compared to mark–recapture estimates for evaluating snowshoe hare density. Journal of Wildlife Management 69:1053–1062.
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Salafsky, S. R., R. T. Reynolds, and B. R. Noon. 2005. Patterns of temporal variation in goshawk reproduction and prey resources. J. Raptor Res. 39(3):237–246
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Jenness, J., and J.J. Wynne. 2005. Cohen’s Kappa and classification table metrics 2.0: an ArcView 3x extension for accuracy assessment of spatially-explicit models. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report OF 2005-1363. U.S. Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Flagstaff, AZ.
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Engstrom, R.T., P.D. Vickery, D.W. Perkins, and W.G. Shriver. 2005. Effects of fire regime on birds in southeastern pine savannas and native prairies. Studies in Avian Biology 30:147-160.
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Iníguez, J.M., J.L. Ganey, P.J. Dougherty, and J.D. Bailey. 2005. Using cluster analysis and a classification and regression tree model to identify cover types in the sky islands of southeastern Arizona. Pp.195-200 in: Gottfried, G.J.; B.S. Gebow, L.G. Eskew, and C.B. Edminster, compilers. Connecting mountain islands and desert seas: biodiversity and management of the Madrean Archipelago II. Proceedings RMRS-P-36. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Fort Collins, CO.
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Reynolds, R.T., J.D. Wiens, S.M. Joy, and S.R. Salafsky. 2005. Sampling considerations for demographic and habitat studies of northern goshawks. Journal Raptor Research 39:274-285.
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Bayard De Volo, S., R. T. Reynolds, J. R. Topinka, B. May, M. F. Antolin. 2005. Population Genetics and Genotyping for Mark-Recapture Studies of Northern Goshawks (Accipiter Gentilis) on the Kaibab Plateau, Arizona. J. Raptor Res. 39(3):286–295.
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Ganey, J.L., and S.C. Vojta. 2005. Changes in snag populations in northern Arizona mixed-conifer and ponderosa pine forests, 1997-2002. Forest Science 51:396-405.
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Ganey, J. L. and W. M. Block. 2005. Dietary Overlap Between Sympatric Mexican Spotted and Great Horned Owls in Arizona. Research Paper RMRS-RP-57WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Departmemt of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 9 p.
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Reich, R.M., S.M. Joy, and R.T. Reynolds. 2004. Predicting the location of goshawk nests: modeling the spatial dependency between nest locations and forest structure. Ecological Modelling 176:109-133.
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Michael K. Schwartz, Kristine L. Pilgrim, Kevin S. McKelvey, Edward L. Lindquist, James J. Claar, Steve Loch and Leonard F. Ruggiero. 2004. Hybridization between Canada lynx and bobcats: Genetic results and management implications. Conservation Genetics 5: 349–355.
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Converse, S.J., B.G. Dickson, G.C. White, and W. M. Block. 2004. Estimating small mammal abundance on fuel treatment units in southwestern ponderosa pine forests. Pp. 113-120 in C. van Riper III and K.L. Cole (editors). The Colorado Plateau: cultural, biological and physical research. University of Arizona Press, Tucson, AZ.
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Neil J. Gemmell, Michael K. Schwartz, and Bruce C. Robertson. 2004. Moa were many. Proc Biol Sci. 2004 Dec 7;271 Suppl 6:S430-2.
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Dickson, B.G., W. M. Block, and T.D. Sisk. 2004. Conceptual framework for studying the effects of fuels treatments on avian communities in ponderosa pine forests of northern Arizona. Pp. 193-200 in C. van Riper III and K.L. Cole (editors). The Colorado Plateau: cultural, biological and physical research. University of Arizona Press, Tucson, AZ.
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Salafsky, S. R. 2004. Covariation between prey abundance and northern goshawk fecundity on the Kaibab Plateau, Arizona. Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO. Thesis.
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Russell, R. E. , J.E. Moore, M.S. Miller, T.M. Sutton, and S.M. Knapp. 2004. Selecting surrogate species for ecological assessments in land-use planning: a case study in the Upper Wabash river basin. In: R.K. Swihart and J. E. Moore (editors). Conserving biodiversity in agricultural landscapes: model-based planning tools for systems with sharp edges. Purdue University Press.
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Miller, M.S., and R. E. Russell. 2004. Sharp edges, matrix permeability, and individual behavior: considerations for improving estimates of landscape connectivity. In: R.K. Swihart and J. E. Moore (editors). Conserving biodiversity in agricultural landscapes: model-based planning tools for systems with sharp edges. Purdue University Press.
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Reich, R.M., S.M. Joy, and R. T. Reynolds. 2004. Predicting the location of northern goshawk nests: modeling the spatial dependency between nest locations and forest structure. Ecological Modelling 176: 109-133.
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Abele, S. C., V. A. Saab, and O. Garton. 2004. Lewis’s woodpecker: species assessment for the Rocky Mountain Region. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Region, Lakewood, CO.
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Moore, J.E., and R. E. Russell. 2004. Considerations for measuring behavioral responses to habitat edges and dispersal ability through fragmented landscapes. In: R.K. Swihart and J. E. Moore (editors). Conserving biodiversity in agricultural landscapes: model-based planning tools for systems with sharp edges. Purdue University Press.
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Ganey, J. L., and S. C. Voita. 2004. Characteristics of snags containing excavated cavities in northern Arizona mixed-conifer and ponderosa pine forests. Forest Ecology and Management 199 (2004) 323–332.
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Pearson, K. M., K. A. Covert and L.A. Compton. 2004. Dispersal of Piñon Pine (Pinus edulis) Seeds: effects of substrate type. Eds. C.Van riper III and K. L. Cole in The Colorado Plateau: Cultural, Biological, and Physical Research. University of Arizona Press, Tucson, AZ. Pp 95-101.
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Ganey, J. L., G.C. White, D.C. Bowden, and A.B. Franklin. 2004. Evaluating methods for monitoring populations of Mexican spotted owls: a case study. Pp. 337-385 in W. L. Thompson (editor). Sampling rare and elusive species: concepts, designs, and techniques for estimating population parameters. Island Press. Washington, DC.
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Ellis, D.H., C.H. Ellis, B.A. Sabo, A.M. Rea, J. Dawson, J.K. Fackler, C.T. Larue, T. G. Grubb, J. Schmitt, D.G. Smith, and M. Kery. 2004. Summer diet of the peregrine falcon in faunistically rich and poor zones of Arizona analyzed with capture-recapture modeling. The Condor 106:873-886.
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Lundquist, J.E., and J.P. Ward, Jr. 2004. Impact of diseases and other disturbances on non-timber forest resources: a case study involving small mammals. Pp. 105-112 in J.E. Lundquist and R.C. Hamelin (editors). From Molecules to Ecosystems – forest pathology in the era of genes and landscapes. APS Press, St. Paul, MN.
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McKelvey, K. S. and M. K. Schwartz. 2004. Genetic Errors Associated with Population Estimation Using Non-Invasive Molecular Tagging: Problems and New Solutions. J. Wildl. Manage. 68(3):439–448.
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Reynolds, R. T., G. C. White, S. M. Joy, R. W. Mannan. 2004. Effects of Radiotransmitters on Northern Goshawks: Do Tailmounts Lower Survival Of Breeding Males? Journal Of Wildlife Management 68(1):25–32.
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Abele, S. C., V. A. Saab, and E.O. Garton. 2004. Lewis's Woodpecker (Melanerpes lewis): A technical conservation assessment. [Online]. USDA, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Region. Available:
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Wiens, J. D. 2004. Post-fledging Survival and Natal Dispersal of Northern Goshawks in Arizona. M.S. Thesis, Colorado State University. Fort Collins, CO.
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Pearson, D. E. and R. M. Callaway. 2004. Response to Thomas et al.: biocontrol and indirect effects. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 19:62-63.
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May, C.A., M.L. Petersburg, and R.J. Gutiérrez. 2004. Mexican spotted owl nest- and roost-site habitat in northern Arizona. Journal of Wildlife Management 68:1054-1064.
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McKelvey KS and Schwartz MK. 2004. Providing reliable and accurate genetic capture–mark–recapture estimates in a cost-effective way. Journal of Wildlife Management 68(3): 453-456.
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Ortega Y. K., D. E. Pearson, and K. S. McKelvey. 2004. Effects of biological control agents and exotic plant invasion on deer mouse populations. Ecological Applications 14: 241-253.
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La Sorte, F. A., R.W. Mannan, R. T. Reynolds, and T. G. Grubb. 2004. Habitat associations of sympatric red-tailed hawks and northern goshawks on the Kaibab Plateau. Journal Wildlife Management 68:207-318.
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Neel, M.C., S.A. Cushman, and K. McGarigal. 2004. Behavior and stability of landscape metrics across controlled gradients of landscape structure. Landscape Ecology. 19:534-455.

Kolbe, J. A., and J.R. Squires. 2004. Long distance movement by a coyote within the Rocky Mountains. Northwest Science 78(4):344-345.
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Paul L. Leberg, Michael R. Carloss, Larry J. Dugas, Kristine L. Pilgrim, L. Scott Mills, M. Clay Green, and Daniel Scognamillo. 2004. Recent Record of a Cougar (Puma concolor) in Louisiana, with Notes on Diet, Based on Analysis of Fecal Materials. Southeastern Naturalist 3(4):653-658.
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Delaney, D. K., and T. G. Grubb. 2004. Sound recordings of road maintenance equipment on the Lincoln National Forest, NM. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Research Paper RMRS-RP-49.
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Cushman, S.A. and K. McGarigal. 2004. Patterns in the species-environment relationship depend on both scale and choice of response variables. Oikos 105: 117-124.

Inman RM, Wigglesworth RR, Inman KH, Schwartz MK, Brock BL, and Rieck JD. 2004. Wolverine makes extensive movements in the greater Yellowstone ecosystem. Northwest Science 78: 261-266.
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Grand, J., Buonaccorsi, S.A. Cushman, M. Mello, and C.R. Griffin. 2004. A Multiscale Landscape Approach to Predicting Bird and Moth Rarity Hotspots in a Threatened Pitch Pine-Scrub Oak Community. Conservation Biology 18 (4), 1063–1077.

Squires JR, McKelvey KS, Ruggiero LF. 2004. A snow-tracking protocol used to delineate local lynx, Lynx canadensis, distributions. Canadian Field-Naturalist 118: 583-589.
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Cushman, S.A. and K. McGarigal. 2004. Hierarchical analysis of forest bird species-environment relationships in the Oregon Coast Range. Ecological Applications. 14(4): 1090-1105.
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Ganey, J. L. 2004. Thermal Regimes of Mexican Spotted Owl Nest Stands. The Southwestern Naturalist 49(4):478-486.
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Jenness, J. S., P. Beier, and J. L. Ganey. 2004. Associations between Forest Fire and Mexican Spotted Owls. Forest Science, Volume 50, No. 6.
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Saab, V. A., J. G. Dudley, and W. L. Thompson. 2004. Factors influencing occupancy of nest cavities in recently burned forests. Condor 106:20-36.
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Jenness, J. S. 2004. Calculating landscape surface area from digital elevation models. Wildlife Society Bulletin 2004, 32(3):829-839.
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Dudley, J. G., V. A. Saab 2003. A field protocol to monitor cavity-nesting birds. Res.Pap.RMRS-RP-44.Fort Collins, CO:U.S.Department of Agriculture,Forest Service,Rocky Mountain Research Station.16 p.
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Grubb, T. G. 2003. Wintering Bald Eagle Trends in Northern Arizona, 1975-2000. The Southwestern Naturalist 48(2):223-230.
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Grubb, T. G., W. M. Bowerman, A. J. Bath, J. P. Giesy, D. V. Weseloh. 2003. Evaluating Great Lakes Bald Eagle Nesting Habitat With Bayesian Inference. USDA, Rocky Mountain Research Research Station, General Technical Report, RMRS-RP-45 14 p.
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Knapp, S.K., R. E. Russell, and R.K. Swihart. 2003. Setting priorities for conservation: the influence of uncertainty on species rankings of Indiana mammals. Biological Conservation 111:223-234.
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Covert, K. A. 2003. Hairy Woodpecker Winter Ecology Following Wildfire: Effects of Burn Severity and Age. Northern Arizona University. M.S. Thesis. 87 p.
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Pearson, D. E., and L. F. Ruggiero. 2003. Transect versus grid trapping arrangements for sampling small mammal communities. Wildlife Society Bulletin 31(2): 454-459.

Russell, R. E. , R.K. Swihart, and Z. Feng. 2003. Population consequences of foraging decisions in a patchy matrix. Oikos 103:142-152.
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Russell, R. E. , and J.K. Detling. 2003. Grasshoppers (Orthoptera:Acrididae) and black-tailed prairie dogs (Sciurdae:Cynomys ludovicianus)(Ord): associations between two rangeland herbivores. J. Kansas Entomological Society 76:578-587.

Riddle, A., K. L. Pilgrim, L. S. Mills, K. S. McKelvey, and L. F. Ruggiero. 2003. Identification of mustelids using mitochondrial DNA and non-invasive sampling. Conservation Genetics 4:241-243.
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Bowden, D. C., G. C. White, A. B. Franklin, and J. L. Ganey. 2003. Estimating population size with correlated sampling unit estimates. Journal of Wildlife Management 67:1-10.
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Pearson, D. E., Y., K. Ortega, and L. F. Ruggiero. 2003. Trap-induced mass declines in small mammals: mass as a population index. Journal of Wildlife Management 67(4):684-691.
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Manel S, Schwartz MK, Luikart G, and Taberlet P. 2003. Landscape genetics: combining landscape ecology and population genetics. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 18: 1807-1816.
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Kolbe, J. A., J.R. Squires, and T. W. Parker. 2003. An effective box trap for capturing lynx. Wildlife Society Bulletin 31:980-985.
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Ganey, J. L., W. M. Block and S.H. Ackers. 2003. Structural Characteristics of Forest Stands Within Home Ranges of Mexican Spotted Owls in Arizona and New Mexico. Western Journal of Applied Forestry, Vol. 18, No. 3, July 2003.
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J. P. Ward Jr., J. L. Ganey, G. Sorrentino. 2003. Coordinated Management, Monitoring, and Research Program For the Rio Penasco Watershed Project, Sacramento Ranger District, Lincoln National Forest.Progress Report for Pilot Study - 2002. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station 2500 South Pine Knoll Drive, Flagstaff, AZ 86001.
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Joy, S. M., R. M. Reich, and R. T. Reynolds. 2003. A non-parametric, supervised classification of forest types on the Kaibab National Forest using decision trees. Int. J. Remote Sensing. 24(9):1835-1852.
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M. K. Schwartz, L . S . Mills, Y. Ortega, L. F. Ruggiero and F. W. Allendorf. 2003. Landscape location affects genetic variation of Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis). Molecular Ecology (2003) 12, 1807–1816.
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Cushman, S.A. and K. McGarigal. 2003. Landscape-level patterns of avian diversity in the Oregon Coast Range. Ecological Monographs 73(2):259-281.

Pearson, D. E. and R. M. Callaway. 2003. Indirect effects of host-specific biological control agents. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 18(9):456-461.
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Grand, J. and S.A. Cushman. 2003. Multiple-scale analysis of bird-habitat relationships: breeding birds in a pitch pine-scrub oak (Pinus rigida-Quercus ilicifolia) community. Biological Conservation. 12(3):307-317.

Mills LS, Schwartz MK, Tallmon DA, and Lair KP. 2003. Measuring and interpreting changes in connectivity for mammals in coniferous forests. In: Zabel C, Anthony RG (eds.) Mammal community dynamics in Western coniferous forests: management and conservation in the new millennium. Island Press, Washington D.C., pp 587-613.
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Gatto, A. E. 2002. Foraging Ecology and Parental Behavior of Red-Tailed Hawks Sympatric with Northern Goshawks on the Kaibab Plateau, Arizona. Northern Arizona University. 84 p. thesis.
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Johnson, C. L., and R. T. Reynolds. 2002. Responses of Mexican spotted owls to low-flying military jet aircraft. Res. Notes RMRS-RN-12. Fort Collins, CO: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 4 p.
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Joy, S. M. 2002. Northern goshawk habitat on the Kaibab national forest in Arizona: factors affecting nest locations and territory quality. Colorado State University: Ph.D. Dissertation. 237 pp.
available from CSU library

Tewksbury, J.J., A. E. Black, N. Nur, G.R. Guepel, V. A. Saab, B. Logan, and D. S. Dobkin. 2002. Effects of anthropogenic fragmentation and livestock grazing on western riparian bird communities. Studies in Avian Biology 25:158-202.
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Reed WJ, McKelvey KS. 2002. Power-law behaviour and parametric models for the size-distribution of forest fires. Ecological Modelling 150: 239-254.
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Kotliar, N.B., S. Hejl, R.L. Hutto, V. A. Saab, C.P. Melcher, and M.E. McFadzen. 2002. Effects of wildfire and post-fire salvage logging on avian communities in conifer-dominated forests of the Western United States. Studies in Avian Biology 25:49-64.
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Wisdom, M. J., B.C. Wales, M. M. Rowland, M.G. Raphael, R. S. Holthausen, T.D. Rich, and V. A. Saab. 2002. Performance of greater sage-grouse models for conservation assessment in the interior Columbia basin, USA. Conservation Biology 16:1232-1242.
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Saab, V. A., R. Brannon, J. G. Dudley, L. Donohoo, D. Vanderzanden, V. Johnson, and H. Lachowski. 2002. Selection of fire-created snags at two spatial scales by cavity-nesting birds. In Proceedings of The Symposium on The Ecology and Management of Dead Wood in Western Forests, Nov 2-4, 1999, Reno, Nevada, editors Shea, P. J.; W.F. Laudenslayer, Jr.; B. Valentine; C. P. Weatherspoon, and T. E. Lisle. USDA Forest Service PSW-GTR-181.
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Reynolds, R. T., D. P. Kane, and D. M. Finch. 2002. Tree-nesting habitat of purple martins in Colorado. Journal of the Colorado Field Ornithologists. 36(1): 6-13. 2002.
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Seamans, M. E., R. J. Gutiérrez, and C. A. May. 2002. Mexican spotted owl (Strix occidentalis) population dynamics: Influence of climatic variation on survival and reproduction. The Auk. 119(2): 321-334.

Martinez, G. B. 2002. Influence of residential development on breeding birds in ponderosa pine forests of northern Arizona. University of Arizona: M.S. Thesis. 63 p.

Aigner, P. A., and P. E. Scott. 2002. Use and pollination of a hawkmoth plant, Nicotiana attenuata, by migrant hummingbirds. The Southwestern Naturalist. 47(1): 1-11.
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Michael K. Schwartz, L. Scott Mills, Kevin S. McKelvey. 2002. DNA reveals high dispersal synchronizing the population dynamics of Canada lynx. Nature Vol 415, 520-522.
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P. F. Kukuk, S . H. Forbes, R. Zahorchack, A. Riddle And K. Pilgrim. 2002. Highly polymorphic microsatellite markers developed for the social halictine bee Lasioglossum (Chilalictus) hemichalceum. Molecular Ecology Notes 2 529-530.
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Ortega, Y. K., and D. E. Capen. 2002. Roads as edges: effects on birds in forested landscapes. Forest Science 48:381-390.

Ganey, J. L., and M. A. Benoit. 2002. Using terrestrial ecosystem survey data to identify potential habitat for the Mexican spotted owl on national forest system lands: A pilot study. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-86. Fort Collins, CO: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 25 p.
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Reed JM, Mills LS, Dunning JB, et al. 2002. Emerging issues in population viability analysis. Conservation Biology 16: 7-19.

Garnett, G. N. 2002. Wildlife uses of witches' brooms induced by dwarf mistletoe in ponderosa pine forests of northern Arizona. Northern Arizona University. 75 p. Thesis.
available from Cline Library

Slauson, L. A. 2002. Effects of fire on the reproductive biology of Agave palmeri agavaceae. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 49(1): 11.
Abstract available

Grubb, T. G., W. L. Robinson, and W. W. Bowerman. 2002. Effects of watercraft on bald eagles nesting in Voyageurs National Park, Minnesota. Wildlife Society Bulletin. 30(1): 156-161.
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McGarigal, K. and S.A. Cushman. 2002. Comparative evaluation of experimental approaches to the study of habitat fragmentation effects. Ecological Applications 12(2): 335-345.

Cushman, S.A. and D.O. Wallin. 2002. Separating the influences of spatial, environmental, and disturbance factors in forests of the Russian Far East. Forest Ecology and Management. 168 (1-3): 201-215.

Cushman, S.A. and K. McGarigal. 2002. Hierarchical, multi-scale decomposition of species-environment relationships. Landscape Ecology. 17:637-646.

Wagner, D. M. 2002. Current status and habitat use of Gunnison's prairie dogs (Cynomys gunnisoni) in Arizona. Northern Arizona University: Ph.D. Dissertation. 77.
available from Cline Library

McKelvey KS, McDaniel GW, Mills LS, et al. 2002. Effects of plot size and shape on pellet density estimates for snowshoe hares. Wildlife Society Bulletin 30: 751-755.

Delaney, D.K., and T. G. Grubb. 2001, 2003. Effects of off-highway vehicle noise on northern spotted owls: sound data results, 2002 results. Reports [2] to Mendocino National Forest, Contract No. 43-91Z9-0-0055. USA CERL, Champaign, IL; Rocky Mountain Research Station, Flagstaff, AZ.

Griffis, K. L., J. A. Crawford, M. R. Wagner, and W. H. Moir. 2001. Understory response to management treatments in northern Arizona ponderosa pine forests. Forest Ecology and Management. 146: 239-245.
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La Sorte, F. A. 2001. Habitat association of sympatric red-tailed hawks and northern goshawks on the Kaibab plateau, Arizona. University of Arizona: M.S. Thesis. 62 p.

Crawford, J. A., C. H. A. Wahren, S. Kyle, and W. H. Moir. 2001. Responses of exotic plant species to fires in Pinus ponderosa forests in northern Arizona. Journal of Vegetation Science. 12: 261-268.
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Morrison, M. L., W. M. Block, M. D. Strickland, and W. L. Kendall. 2001. Wildlife study design. New York, NY: Springer-Verlag: 210 p.
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Parker, T. J. 2001. Bird communities in dwarf mistletoe infested ponderosa pine forests. Northern Arizona University: M.S. Thesis. 90 p.
available from Cline Library

Brown, P. M., M. W. Kaye, L. S. Huckaby, and C. H. Baisan. 2001. Fire history along environmental gradients in the Sacramento mountains, New Mexico: Influences of local patterns and regional processes. Ecoscience. 8(1): 115-126.
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Linkhart, B. D. 2001. Life history characteristics and habitat quality of flammulated owls (Otus flammeolus) in Colorado. University of Colorado: Ph.D. Dissertation. 206 p.

Ortega, Y. K., and D. E. Pearson. 2001. Occurrences of the western skink (Eumeces skiltonianus) in grasslands of western Montana. Northwestern Naturalist 82:125-125.
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Ward Jr., J. P. 2001. Ecological responses by Mexican spotted owls to environmental variation in the Sacramento mountains, New Mexico. Colorado State University: Ph.D. Dissertation. 423 p.
full text .pdf for each chapter

Moir, W. H., and W. M. Block. 2001. Adaptive management on public lands in the United States: Commitment or rhetoric? Environmental Management. 28(2): 141-148.
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Pletscher DH and Schwartz MK. 2001. Rearranging the deck chairs on the Malthusian ship: Reply to Phifer and Roebuck. Conservation Biology 15. T

Saab, V. A., and K.T. Vierling. 2001. Reproductive success of Lewis’s woodpecker in burned pine and cottonwood riparian forests. Condor 103:491-501.
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McKelvey KS, Pearson DE. 2001. Population estimation with sparse data: the role of estimators versus indices revisited. Canadian Journal of Zoology 79: 1754-1765.
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Pearson D. E., Y. K. Ortega, K. S. McKelvey and L. F. Ruggiero. 2001. Small mammal communities and habitat selection in Northern Rocky Mountain bunchgrass: Implications for exotic plant invasions. Northwest Science 75: 107-117.
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Ralls, K. K. L. Pilgrim, P. J. White, E. E. Paxinos, M. K. Schwartz, and R. C. Fleischer. 2001. Kinship, social relationships, and den sharing in kit foxes. Journal of Mammalogy 82(3):858-866.

Waters JR, Zabel CJ, McKelvey KS, et al. 2001. Vegetation patterns and abundances of amphibians and small mammals along small streams in a northwestern California watershed. Northwest Science 75: 37-52.
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Pearson, D. E., and Y. K. Ortega. 2001. An indirect dispersal pathway for spotted knapweed seeds via deer mice and great-horned owls. Canadian Field-Naturalist 115(2):354.
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Block, W. M., A. B. Franklin, J. P. Ward, Jr., J. L. Ganey, and G. C. White. 2001. Design and Implementation of Monitoring Studies to Evaluate the Success of Ecological Restoration on Wildlife. Restoration Ecology, Vol. 9 No. 3, pp.293-303.
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Pearson, D. E., and L. F. Ruggiero. 2001. Test of the prey-base hypothesis to explain use of red squirrel midden sites by American martens. Canadian Journal of Zoology 79(8):1372-1379.
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Urban, D., and T. Keitt. 2001. Landscape connectivity: A graph-theoretic perspective. Ecology. 82(5): 1205-1218.

Johnson, V., V. A. Saab, D. Vanderzanden, H. Lachowski, R. Brannon, and C. Crist. 2000. Using landsat satellite imagery to assess fire-created habitat for cavity-nesting birds. In Remote Sensing and Geospatial Technologies for the New Millennium; Proceedings of the Eighth Forest Service Remote Sensing Applications Conference, 10-14 April 2000, Albuquerque, New Mexico, editor Greer, J.D. American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Published on CD-ROM.

Dwyer, J.K., and W. M. Block. 2000. Effects of wildfire on densities of secondary cavity-nesting birds in ponderosa pine forests of northern Arizona. In: W. Keith Moser and Cynthia E Moser (eds.). Fire and forest ecology: innovative silviculture and vegetation management. Tall Timbers Fire Ecology Conference Proceedings, No. 21. Tall Timbers Research Station, Tallahassee, FL. Pages 151-156.
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Conroy, C. J., J. R. Demboski, and J. A. Cook. 2000. Mammalian biogeography of the Alexandra Archipelago of Alaska: A north temperate nested fauna. Journal of Biogeography. 26(2): 343-352.
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Conroy, C. J., and J. A. Cook. 2000. Phylogeography of a post-glacial colonizer: Microtus longicaudus (Rodentia: Muridae). Molecular Ecology. 9(2): 165-175.
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Wagner, M. R., W. M. Block, B. W. Geils, and K. F. Wenger. 2000. Restoration ecology : a new forest management paradigm, or another merit badge for foresters? Journal of forestry. Vol. 98, no. 10 p. 22-27.
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Conant, R. T., J. M. Klopatek, and C. C. Klopatek. 2000. Environmental factors controlling soil respiration in three semiarid ecosystems. Soil Science Society of America Journal. 64(1): 383-390.
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Kyle, S. C. and W. M. Block. 2000. Effects of wildfire severity on small mammals in northern Arizona ponderosa pine forests. In: Fire and forest ecology: innovative silviculture and vegetation management, proceedings of the 21st Tall Timbers fire ecology conference, 14-16 April 1998, Tallahassee, Florida. p. 163-168
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Wisdom, M.J., R.S. Holthausen, B.C. Wales, C.D. Hargis, V. A. Saab, D.C. Lee, W.J. Hann, T.D. Rich, M.M. Rowland, W.J. Murphy, M.R. Eames. 2000. Source habitats for terrestrial vertebrates of focus in the Interior Columbia Basin: Broad-scale trends and management implications. USDA, Forest Service, General Technical Report PNW-GTR-485, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Portland, Oregon.
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Grubb, T. G., and R. G. Lopez. 2000. Food habits of bald eagles wintering in northern Arizona. Journal of Raptor Research. 34(4): 287-292.
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Dwyer, J. K. 2000. Response of secondary cavity-nesting birds to wildfire in ponderosa pine forests for northern Arizona. Northern Arizona University: M.S. Thesis. 59 p.
available from Cline Library

Iniguez, J. M. 2000. Cover type and structural classification in the Sky Islands of southeastern Arizona Northern Arizona University: M.S. Thesis. 75 p.
available from Cline Library

Boucher, P. F., W. M. Block, G. V. Benavidez, and L. E. Wiebe. 2000. Implementing the expanded prescribed fire program on the Gila National Forest, New Mexico : implications for snag management. IN: Fire and forest ecology: innovative silviculture and vegetation management, proceedings of the 21st Tall Timbers fire ecology conference, 14-16 April 1998, Tallahassee, Florida. p. 104-113.
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Johnson, V., D. Vanderzanden, H. Lachowski, V. A. Saab, L. Donohoo. 2000. Using landsat satellite imagery to evaluate fire-created habitat for cavity-nesting birds. USDA, Forest Service, Remote Sensing Tips RSAC-12-TIP1, Remote Sensing Applications Center, Salt Lake City, Utah.

Sands, A.R., S. Sather-Blair, and V. A. Saab. 2000. Sagebrush steppe wildlife: historical and current perspectives. Pages 27-35 In Proceedings: Sagebrush Steppe Ecosystems Symposium; Entwistle, P.G., A.M. DeBolt, J.H. Kaltenecker, and K. Steenhof, compilers. Bureau of Land Management Publication No. BLM/ID/PT-001001+1150, Boise, Idaho, USA.

Slauson, L. A. 2000. Pollination biology of two chiropterophilous agaves in Arizona. American Journal of Botany. 87(6): 825-836.
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Dixon, R.D., and V. A. Saab. 2000. Black-backed Woodpecker (Picoides arcticus). In: The Birds of North America. No. 509. (Poole, A. and Gill, F. eds.). The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, and The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington D.C.
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Joy, S. M., R. M. Reich, and R. T. Reynolds. 2000. Modeling small-scale variability in the composition of goshawk habitat on the Kaibab National Forest. In: Proceedings of the Eighth Forest Service remote sensing applications conference: Remote sensing and geospatial technologies for the new millennium; 2000 April 10-14; Albuquerque, NM. Bethesda, MD: American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing: 11 p.
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Kyle, S. C. 2000. Small mammal abundance and habitat correlates following varied-severity wildfire in ponderosa pine-bunchgrass forests. Northern Arizona University: M.S. Thesis.125 p.
available from Cline Library

May, C. A. 2000. Landscape scale analysis of Mexican spotted owl nest and roost habitat in central Arizona. Humboldt State University: M.S. Thesis. 37 p.

Moir, W. H., J. A. Ludwig, and R. T. Scholes. 2000. Soil erosion and vegetation in grasslands of the Peloncillo Mountains, New Mexico. Soil Science Society of America Journal. 64: 1055-1067.
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Willey, D. W., and C. van Riper III. 2000. First-year movements by juvenile Mexican spotted owls in the Canyonlands of Utah. Journal of Raptor Research. 34(1):1-7.
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Overby, S. T., W. H. Moir, and G. T. Robertson. 2000. Soil and vegetation changes in a pinyon-juniper area in central Arizona after prescribed fire. In: P. F. Ffolliott, M. B. Baker Jr., C. B. Edminster, M. C. Dillon, and K. L. Mora, tech. cords. Poc. RMRS-P-13. Land stewardship in the 21st century: The contributions of watershed management; 2000 March 13-16; Tucson, AZ. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 371-374.
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Ward, Jr., J. P., and D. Salas. 2000. Adequacy of roost locations for defining buffers around Mexican spotted owl nests. Wildlife Society Bulletin. 28(3): 688-698.
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Saab, V. A., and K. T. Vierling. 2000. Reproductive success of Lewis's woodpecker in burned pine and cottonwood riparian forests. The Condor. 103: 491-501.
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Jenness, J. S. 2000. The effects of fire on Mexican spotted owls in Arizona and New Mexico Northern Arizona University: M.S. Thesis. 131 p.
available from Cline Library

Pearson D. E., K. S. McKelvey , L. F. Ruggiero. 2000. Non-target effects of an introduced biological control agent on deer mouse ecology. Oecologia 122 : 121-128
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Mills, L. S., K. L. Pilgrim, M. K. Schwartz, and K. McKelvey. 2000. Identifying lynx and other North American felids based on MtDNA analysis. Conservation Genetics 1(3):285-288.
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Baker, M.B., Jr., D. P. Huebner, and P.F. Ffolliott. 2000. An on-line image data base system: managing image collections. Land stewardship in the 21st century: the contributions of watershed management: conference proceedings, Tucson, AZ. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 4 p.
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Aubry, Keith B. , Gary M. Koehler, John R. Squires. 2000. Ecology of Canada Lynx in Southern Boreal Forests. Pp. 373-396. Pages 373-396 in Ruggiero et al., Ecology and Conservation of Lynx in the United States. University Press of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado.
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Pearson, D. E. 2000. Evidence of red-squirrel fall breeding in western Montana. Canadian Field-Naturalist 114(4):703-704.

McGarigal, K., S.A. Cushman, and S. Stafford. 2000. Multivariate Statistics for Wildlife and Ecology Research. Springer-Verlag, New York.

Buskirk, S.W., L.F. Ruggiero, and C.J. Krebs. 2000. Habitat fragmentation and interspecific competition: Implications for lynx conservation. Pages 83-100 in Ruggiero et al., Ecology and Conservation of Lynx in the United States. University Press of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado.

McDaniel, G.J., K.S. McKelvey, J.R. Squires, and L.F. Ruggiero. 2000. Efficacy of lures and hair snares to detect lynx. Wildlife Society Bulletin 2000, 28(1):119-123.
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Ganey, J. L.; Block, W. M.; King, R. M. 2000. Roost Sites of Radio-marked Mexican Spotted Owls in Arizona and New Mexico: Sources of Variability and Descriptive Characteristics. Journal of raptor research. Vol. 34, no. 4. p. 270-278.
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Bowerman, W. W., D. A. Best, T. G. Grubb, J. G. Sikarskie, and J. P. Giesy. 2000. Assessment of environmental endocrine disruptors in bald eagles of the Great Lakes. Chemosphere. 41(2000): 1569-1574.
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Pletscher DH and Schwartz MK. 2000. The tyranny of popluation growth. Conservation Biology 14: 1918-1919. T

Cushman, S.A. and D.O. Wallin. 2000. Rates and patterns of landscape change in the Sikhote-alin Mountains, Russian Far East. Landscape Ecology 15(7): 643-659.

Baker, M.B., Jr., D. P. Huebner, and P.F. Ffolliott. 2000. Accessing a personalized bibliography with a searchable system on the World Wide Web. (53K PDF). Land stewardship in the 21st century: the contributions of watershed management: conference proceedings, Tucson, AZ. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 3 p.
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Ganey, J. L., G.C. White, A.B. Franklin, D.C. Bowden, and J.P. Ward, Jr. 2000. A pilot study on monitoring populations of Mexican spotted owls in Arizona and New Mexico: second interim report. Rocky Mountain Research Station, Flagstaff, AZ.

Huebner, D. P.., M.B. Baker, Jr., and P.F. Ffolliott. 2000. Increasing efficiency of information dissemination and collection through the World Wide Web. Land stewardship in the 21st century: the contributions of watershed management: conference proceedings, Tucson, AZ. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 4 p.
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Ruggiero LF, Schwartz MK, Buskirk SF, Krebs CJ, and Stanley A. 2000. Ecotypic variation and conservation. In: Ruggiero LF, Aubry, K.B., Buskirk, S.F., Krebs, C.J., McKelvey, K.S., Squires, J.R. (ed) The Ecology and Conservation of Lynx. University of Colorado Press, Denver, CO.

Baker, M.B., Jr., D. P. Huebner, and P.F. Ffolliott. 2000. Documenting historical data and accessing it on the World Wide Web. Land stewardship in the 21st century: the contributions of watershed management: conference proceedings, Tucson, AZ. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 5 p.
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Mills LS, Citta JJ, Lair KP, Schwartz MK, and Tallmon DA. 2000. Estimating animal abundance using non-invasive DNA sampling: promise and pitfall. Ecological Applications 10: 283-294.
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Stacey, P. B., and Hodgson, A. 1999. Biological diversity in montane riparian ecosystems: the case of the Mexican spotted owl. In: D. M. Finch, J. C. Whitney, J. F. Kelley, and S. R. Loftin, eds., In: Rio Grande ecosystems: linking land, water and people-toward a sustainable future for the Middle Rio Grande Basin; 1998 June 2-5; Albuquerque, NM. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station; RMRS-P-7: 204-210.
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Sureda, M., and M. L. Morrison. 1999. Habitat characteristics of small mammals in southeastern Utah. Great Basin Naturalist. 59(4): 323-330.
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Buskirk, S. W., L. F. Ruggiero, K. B. Aubry, D. E. Pearson, J Squires, and K. S. McKelvey. 1999. Comparative ecology of lynx in North America. Pp. 397-417. In L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.) Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Slauson, L., V. Dalton, and D. Dalton. 1999. Effects of prescribed burning on the Palmer agave and the lesser long-nosed bat. In: G. J. Gottfried, L. G. Eskew, C. G. Curtin, and C. B. Edminster, comps. Proc. RMRS-P-10. Toward integrated research, land management, and ecosystem protection in the Maipai Borderlands: Conference Summary; 1999 January 06-08; Douglas, AZ. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 111-114.
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Spruell, P., K. L. Pilgrim, B. A. Greene, C. Habicht, K. L. Knudsen, K. R. Lindner, G. K. Sage, J. E. Seeb, and F. W. Allendorf. 1999. Inheritance of nuclear DNA markers in gynogenetic haploid pink salmon. Journal of Heredity 90:289-296.

McKelvey, Kevin S., Steven W. Buskirk, Charles J. Krebs 1999. Theoretical Insights into the Population Viability of Lynx. Pp. 21-38. In L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.) Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Agee, James K. 1999. Disturbance Ecology of North American Boreal Forests and Associated Northern Mixed/Subalpine Forests. Pp. 39-82. In L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.) Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Ruggiero, L.F. , K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.). 1999. Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Zimmerman, J. C., L. E. DeWald, and P. G. Rowlands. 1999. Vegetation diversity in an interconnected ephemeral riparian system of north-central Arizona, USA. Biological Conservation. 90: 217-228.
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Vapalahti, O., A. Lundkvist, and V. Fedorov. 1999. Isolation and characterization of a hantavirus from Lemmus sibiricus: Evidence for host switch during hantavirus evolution. Journal of Virology. 73(7): 5586-5592. (Additional authors: C. J. Conroy, S. Hirvonen, A. Plyusnina, K. Nemirov, K. Fredga, J. A. Cook, J. Niemimaa, A. Kaikusalo, H. Henttonen, A. Vaheri, and A. Plyusnin.)
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Foresman, K. R., and D. E. Pearson. 1999. Activity patterns of American martens, fishers, snowshoe hares, and red squirrels in westcentral Montana. Canadian Field-Naturalist 113(3):1-4.

Pearson, D. E. 1999. Deer mouse predation on the biological control agent, Urophora spp., introduced to control spotted knapweed. Northwestern Naturalist 80(1): 26-29.
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Shaw, N.L., V. A. Saab, S.B. Monsen, and T.D. Rich. 1999. Bromus tectorum expansion and biodiversity loss on the Snake River Plain, southern Idaho, U.S.A. Proceedings of the VI International Rangeland Congress. Townsville, Australia.

Seamans, M. E., R. J. Gutiérrez, C. A. May, and M. Z. Peery. 1999. Demography of two Mexican spotted owl populations. Conservation Biology. 13(4): 744-754.
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Mowat, Garth, Kim G. Poole, Mark O'Donoghue. 1999. Ecology of Lynx in Northern Canada and Alaska. Pp. 265-306. In L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.) Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Hiruki LM, Schwartz MK, and Boveng PL. 1999. Social and hunting behavior of the leopard seal on Seal Island, Antarctica. Journal of Zoology 249: 97-109.

Schwartz MK, Boness DJ, Majluf P, Schaeff C, and Fleischer R. 1999. Extra-pair mating: an epiphenomenon for the Humboldt penguin? Behavioral Ecology 10: 242-250

Schwartz MK, Tallmon DA, and Luikart G. 1999. Using genetics to estimate the size of wild populations: many methods, much potential, uncertain utility. Animal Conservation 2: 320-322.

Donovan, T.M., K.E. Freemark, B.A. Mauer, L. Petit, S.K. Robinson, and V. A. Saab. 1999. Setting local and regional objectives for the persistence of bird populations. In Bonney, R., D.N. Pashley, R.J. Cooper, and L. Niles, eds. Strategies for bird conservation: the Partners in Flight planning process. Proceedings of the 3rd Partners in Flight Workshop; 1995 October 1-5; Cape May, NJ. Electronic proceedings http://birds.cornell.edu/pifcapemay, and USDA Forest Service, Proceedings RMRS-P-16, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Ogden, Utah.
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Saab, V. A. 1999. The importance of spatial scale to habitat use by breeding birds in cottonwood forests: a hierarchical analysis. Ecological Applications 9(1):135-151.
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Wisdom, M.J., B.C. Wales, R.S. Holthausen, C.D. Hargis, V. A. Saab, W.J. Hann, T.D. Rich, D.C. Lee, and M.M.. Rowland. 1999. Wildlife habitats in Forests of the Interior Northwest: history, status trends and critical issues confronting land managers. Pages 79-93. In Trans. 64th North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference.

Pearson, D. E. 1999. Small mammals of the Bitterroot National Forest: a literature review and annotated bibliography. USDA Forest Service, General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-25.
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Aubry,Keith B. , Leonard F. Ruggiero, John R. Squires, Kevin S. McKelvey, Gary M. Koehler, Steven W. Buskirk, Charles J. Krebs. 1999. Conservation of Lynx in the United States: A Systematic Approach to Closing Critical Knowledge Gaps. Pp. 455-470. In L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.) Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Conroy, C. J., and J. A. Cook. 1999. MtDNA evidence for repeated pulses of speciation within arvicoline and murid rodents. Journal of Mammalian Evolution. 6(3): 221-245.
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Delaney, D. K., T. G. Grubb, and P. Beier. 1999. Activity patterns of nesting Mexican spotted owls. The Condor. 101(2): 42-49.
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Delaney, D. K., T. G. Grubb, P. Beier, L. L. Pater, and M. H. Reiser. 1999. Effects of helicopter noise on Mexican spotted owls. Journal of Wildlife Management. 63(1): 60-76.
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Demboski, J. R., K. D. Stone, and J. A. Cook. 1999. Further perspectives on the Haida Gwaii glacial refugium. Evolution. 53(6): 2008-2012.
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Fleming, M. A., E. A. Ostrander, and J. A. Cook. 1999. Microsatellite markers for American mink (Mustela vison) and ermine (Mustela erminea). Molecular Ecology. 8(8): 1352-1354.
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Ganey, J. L. 1999. Snag density and composition of snag populations on two National Forests in northern Arizona. Forest Ecology and Management. 117(1999): 168-178.
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Gottfried, G. J., P. F. Ffolliott, and M. B. Baker Jr. 1999. Measurement of historical inventory locations to assess changes in forests and woodlands in Arizona. In: J. D. Cook, and B. P. Oswald, comps. First biennial north American forest ecology workshop; 1997 June 24-26; Raleigh, NC. Stevens Point, WI: University of Wisconsin: 51-64.

Barrowclough, G. F., and J. G. Groth. 1999. Demographic inferences from coalescent patterns; mtDNA sequences from a population of Mexican spotted owls. In: N. J. Adams, and R. H. Slotow, eds. Proceedings of the 22nd International Ornithological Congress; 1998 August 16-22; Durban, South Africa. Johannesburg, South Africa: Birdlife South Africa: 1914-1921.
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Barrowclough, G. F., R. J. Gutiérrez, and J. G. Growth. 1999. Phylogeography of spotted owl (Strix occidentalis) populations based on mitochondrial DNA sequences: Gene flow, genetic structure, and a novel biogeographic pattern. Evolution. 53(3): 919-931.
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Block, W. M. 1999. Guilds. In: D. E. Alexander, and R. W. Fairbridge, eds. Encyclopedia of Environmental Science. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers: 306-307.
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Ortega, Y. K., and D. E. Capen. 1999. Effects of forest roads on habitat quality for Ovenbirds in a forested landscape. Auk 116:937-946.
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Peery, M. Z., R. J. Gutiérrez, and M. E. Seamans. 1999. Habitat composition and configuration around Mexican spotted owl nest and roost sites in the Tularosa Mountains, New Mexico. Journal of Wildlife Management. 63(1): 36-43.
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Ruggiero, Leonard F., Keith B. Aubry, Steven W. Buskirk, Gary M. Koehler, Charles J. Krebs, Kevin S. McKelvey, John R. Squires. 1999. Epilogue: The Scientific Basis for Lynx Conservation: Can We Get There From Here? Pp. 471-474. In L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.) Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Buskirk, Steven W. 1999. Habitat Fragmentation and Interspecific Competition: Implications for Lynx Conservation. Pp. 83-100. In L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.) Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Ruggiero, Leonard F., Keith B. Aubry, Steven W. Buskirk, Gary M. Koehler, Charles J. Krebs, Kevin S. McKelvey, John R. Squires. 1999. The Scientific Basis for Lynx Conservation: Qualified Insights. Pp. 443-454. In L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.) Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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McKelvey, Kevin S., Keith B. Aubry, James K. Agee, Steven W. Buskirk, Leonard F. Ruggiero, Gary M. Koehler. 1999. Lynx Conservation in an Ecosystem Management Context. Pp. 397-418. In L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.) Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Apps, Clayton D. 1999. Space-Use, Diet, Demographics, and Topographic Associations of Lynx in the Southern Canadian Rocky Mountains: A Study. Pp. 351-372. In L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.) Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Squires, John R. and Tom Laurion. 1999. Lynx Home Range and Movements in Montana and Wyoming: Preliminary Results. Pp. 337-350. In L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.) Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Moir, W. H., S. G. Rochelle, and A. W. Schoettle. 1999. Microscale patterns of tree establishment near upper treeline, Snowy Range, Wyoming, U.S.A. Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research. 31(4): 379-388.
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McKelvey, Kevin S., Yvette K. Ortega, Gary M. Koehler, Keith B. Aubry, and J. David Brittell. 1999. Canada Lynx Habitat and Topographic Use Patterns in North Central Washington: A Reanalysis. Pp. 307-336. In L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.) Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Morrison, M. L., L. S. Hall, S. K. Robinson, S. L. Rothstein, D. C. Hahn, and T. D. Rich. 1999. Research and management of the brown-headed cowbird in western landscapes. In: Studies in Avian Biology No. 18. Lawrence, KS: Allen Press, Inc.: 312 p.
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Ruggiero, L. F. 1999. Preface: Ecology and Conservation of Lynx in the United States. Pp. 1-4. In L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.) Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.

McKelvey, Kevin S., K. B. Aubry, and Y. K. Ortega. 1999. History and Distribution of Lynx in the Contiguous United States. Pp. 207-264. In L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.) Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Hodges, Karen E. 1999. Ecology of Snowshoe Hares in Southern Boreal and Montane Forests. Pp. 117-162. In L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.) Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Ruggiero, Leonard F. , Michael K. Schwartz, Keith B. Aubry, Charles J. Krebs, Amanda Stanley, Steven W. Buskirk 1999. Species Conservation and Natural Variation Among Populations. Pp. 101-116. In L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.) Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Seamans, M. E., and R. J. Gutiérrez. 1999. Diet competition and reproductive success of Mexican spotted owls. Journal of Raptor Research. 33(2): 143-148.
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Hall, L. S., and R. W. Mannan. 1999. Multiscaled habitat selection by elegant trogons in southeastern Arizona. Journal of Wildlife Management. 63(2): 451-461.
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Geils, B. W., D. A. Conklin, and E. P. Van Arsdel. 1999. A preliminary hazard model of white pine blister rust for the Sacramento Ranger District, Lincoln National Forest. Fort Collins, Colo. : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 1999. 6 p. Research note RMRS ; RN-6.
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Baker, M. B. Jr., Compiler. 1999. History of Watershed Research in the Central Arizona Highlands. General technical report RMRS GTR-29. Fort Collins, CO : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 1999.
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Ganey, J. L., S. Ackers, P. Fonken, J.S. Jenness, C. Kessler, K. Nodal, P. Shaklee, and E. Swarthout. 1999. Monitoring populations of Mexican Spotted Owls in Arizona and New Mexico: 1999 progress report.
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Ruggiero, Leonard F. and Kevin S. McKelvey. 1999. Toward a Defensible Lynx Conservation Strategy: A Framework for Planning in the Face of Uncertainty. Pp. 5-20. In L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.) Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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White, G. C.; Block, W. M.; Ganey, J. L.; Moir, W. H.; Ward, J. P.; Franklin, A. B.; Spangle, S. L.; Rinkevich, S. E.; Vahle, J. R.; Howe, F. P.; Dick, Jr., J. L. Dick. 1999. Science Verses Political Reality in Delisting Criteria for a Threatened Species: the Mexican Spotted Owl Experience. Trans. 64th No. Am. Wildl. and Natur. Resour. Conf. p 292-306.
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Ganey J. L., S. Ackers, P. Fonken, J. S. Jenness, C. Kessler, K. Nodal, P. Shaklee, and E. Swarthout. 1999. Monitoring Population Trends of Mexican Spotted Owls in Arizona and New Mexico: 1999 Progress Report. Progress report. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station 2500 South Pine Knoll Drive, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 23 November 1999.
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Linkhart, B. D., R. T. Reynolds, and R. A. Ryder. 1998. Home range and habitat of breeding flammulated owls in Colorado. Wilson Bulletin. 110(3): 342-351.
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Reynolds, R.T., and S.M. Joy. 1998. Distribution, territory occupancy, dispersal, and demography of northern goshawks on the Kaibab Plateau, Arizona. Final Report for Arizona Game and Fish Heritage Project Number 194045.
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Ganey, J. L., and C. M. Dargan. 1998. Avian conservation on National Forest System lands: linking research and management. In: Marzluff, John M.; Sallabanks, Rex, eds. Avian conservation: research and management. Washington, DC: 439-443.
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Ganey, J. L. 1998. Spotted Owl. In: Glinski, Richard L., ed. The raptors of Arizona. Tucson, AZ: The University of Arizona Press. 170-174.
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Murphy, K. L., J. M. Klopatek, and C. C. Klopatek. 1998. The effects of litter quality and climate on decomposition along an elevational gradient. Ecological Applications. 8(4): 1061-1071.

Reynolds, R. T., and B. D. Linkhart. 1998. Flammulated Owl. In: Glinski, Richard L. ed., The raptors of Arizona. Tucson, AZ: The University of Arizona Press: 140-144.
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Lance, E. W., and J. A. Cook. 1998. Biogeography of tundra voles (Microtus oeconomus) of Beringia and the southern coast of Alaska. Journal of Mammalogy. 79(1): 53-65.

Saab, V. A. 1998. Effects of recreational activity and livestock grazing on habitat use by breeding birds in cottonwood forests along the South Fork Snake River. USDI, Bureau of Land Management, Technical Bulletin No. 98-17. BLM/ID/PT/004-1150.
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Ganey, J. L. 1998. Spotted Owl, strix occidentalis. In: The Raptors of Arizona. The University of Arizona Press. The Arizona Game and Fish Department. :170-174.
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Sureda, M., and M. L. Morrison. 1998. Habitat use by small mammals in southeastern Utah with reference to Mexican spotted owl management. Great Basin Naturalist 58(1): 76-81.
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Delaney, D. K., and T. G. Grubb. 1998. An Infrared Video Camera System for Monitoring Diurnal and Nocturnal Raptors. J. Raptor Res. 32(4):290-296.
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Schwartz MK, Tallmon DA, and Luikart G. 1998. Using non-invasive genetic sampling methods and new analytical tools to detect population declines and minimize extinctions. Animal Conservation 1: 293-299.

Boveng PL, Hiruki LM, Schwartz MK, and Bengston JL. 1998. The effect of leopard seal predation upon Antarctic fur seals at Seal Island, Antarctica. Ecology 8: 2863-2877.

Ruggiero, L. F., D. E. Pearson, S. E. Henry. 1998. Characteristics of American marten den sites in Wyoming. Journal of Wildlife Management 62(2):663-673.
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Ward, Jr., J. P., R. J. Gutiérrez, and B. R. Noon. 1998. Habitat selection by northern spotted owls: the consequences of prey selection and distribution. The Condor. 100(1): 79-92.
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Willey, D. W. 1998. Movements and habitat utilization by Mexican spotted owls within the Canyonlands of Utah. Flagstaff, AZ: Northern Arizona University. 86 p. Dissertation.
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Willey, D. W., and C. van Riper III. 1998. Ecology of Mexican spotted owls (Strix occidentalis lucida) in the Canyonlands of southern Utah and potential relationships to the GSENM. In: Hill, L.M., ed. Learning from the land: Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument Science Symposium Proceedings; 1997 November 04-05; Salt Lake City, UT. Salt Lake City, UT: U.S. Department of Interior, Bureau of Land Management: 219-228.

Foresman, K. R., and D. E. Pearson. 1998. Comparison of proposed survey procedures for detection of forest carnivores. Journal of Wildlife Management 62(3):1217-1226.

Demboski, J. R., B. K. Jacobsen, and J. A. Cook. 1998. Implications of cytochrome b sequence variation for biogeography and conservation of the northern flying squirrels (Glaucomys sabrinus) of the Alexander Archipelago, Alaska. Canadian Journal of Zoology. 76(9): 1771-1777,
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Saab, V. A. and J. G. Dudley 1998. Responses of cavity-nesting birds to stand-replacement fire and salvage logging in ponderosa pine/Douglas-fir forests of southwestern Idaho. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Research Paper, RMRS-RP-11.
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Gavin, T. A., R. T. Reynolds, S. M. Joy, D. Leslie, and B. May. 1998. Genetic evidence for low frequency of extra-pair fertilizations in northern goshawks The Condor. 100(3): 556-560.
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Huckaby, L. S., and W. H. Moir. 1998. Forest communities at Fraser Experimental Forest, Colorado. The Southwestern Naturalist. 43(2): 204-218.

Bowerman, W. W., D. A. Best, T. G. Grubb, G. M. Zimmerman, and J. P. Glesy. 1998. Trends of contaminants and effects in bald eagles of the Great Lakes Basin. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 53: 197-212.
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Grubb, T. G., L. L. Pater, and D. K. Delaney. 1998. Logging truck noise near nesting northern goshawks. Res. Note. RMRS-RM-3. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 2 p.
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Kruse, W. H., and M. B. Baker Jr. 1998. Twenty years of watershed response to strip-cutting ponderosa pine in central Arizona. In: D. F. Potts, ed. In: Proceedings of AWRA Specialty Conference. Rangeland management and water resources; 1998 May 27-29; Reno, NV. Herndon, VA: American Water Resources Association: 179-185.

Ganey, J. L., W. M. Block, J. S. Jenness, and R. A. Wilson. 1998. Mexican spotted owl home range and habitat use in pine-oak forest: Implications for forest management. Forest Science. 45(1): 127-135.
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Block, W. M., M. L. Morrison, and P. E. Scott. 1998. Development and evaluation of habitat models for herpetofauna and small mammals. Forest science. Vol. 44, no. 3, p. 430-437.
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Johnson, C. L., and R. T. Reynolds. 1998. A new trap design for capturing spotted owls. Journal of Raptor Research. 32(2): 181-182.
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Aigner, P. A., W. M. Block, and M. L. Morrison. 1998. Effect of Firewood Harvesting on Birds in a California Oak-Pine Woodland. Journal of Wildlife Management 62(2):485-496.
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Block, W. M., and M. L. Morrison. 1998. Habitat Relationships of Amphibians and Reptiles in California Oak Woodlands. Journal of Herpetology, Vol. 32, No. 1, pp. 51-60.
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Ganey, J. L., W. M. Block, J. K. Dwyer, B. E. Strohmeyer, and J. S. Jenness. 1998. Dispersal Movements and Survival Rates of Juvenile Mexican Spotted Owls in Northern Arizona. Wilson Bulletin: Vol. 110(2). pp. 206-217.
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Michael K. Schwartz, David A. Tallmon and Gordon Luikart. 1998. Review of DNA-based census and effective population size estimators. Animal Conservation (1998) 1, 293-299.
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Pilgrim, K. P., S. H. Forbes and D. K. Boyd. 1998. Testing for wolf-coyote hybridization in the Rocky Mountains using mitochondrial DNA. Journal of Wildlife Management 62(2):683-689.
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Klopatek, J. M., R. T. Conant, J. M. Francis, M. Joyce, R. A. Malin, K. L. Murphy, and C. C. Klopatek. 1998. Implications of patterns of carbon pools and fluxes across a semiarid environmental gradient. Landscape and Urban Planning. 39(4): 309-317.

Johnson, C. L. 1997. Distribution, habitat, and ecology of the Mexican spotted owl in Colorado. Greeley, CO: University of Northern Colorado. 78 p. Thesis.

Grubb, T. G., and W. W. Bowerman. 1997. Variations in breeding bald eagle responses to jets, light planes and helicopters. Journal of Raptor Research. 31(3): 213-222.
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Aigner, P. A., W. M. Block, and M. L. Morrison. 1997. Design recommendations for point counts of birds in California oak-pine woodlands: power, sample size, and count stations versus visits. In: N. H. Pillsbury, J. Verner, W. D. Tietje, tech. coords. Proceedings of a symposium on oak woodlands: ecology, management, and urban interface issues; 1996 March 19-22; San Luis Obispo, CA. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-160. Albany, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station: 431-439.
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Young, K. E., P. J. Zwank, R. Valdez, J. L. Dye, and L. A. Tarango. 1997. Diet of Mexican spotted owls in Chihuahua and Aguascalientes, Mexico. Journal of Raptor Research. 31(4): 376-380.
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Grubb, T. G., J. L. Ganey, and S. R. Masek. 1997. Canopy closure around nest sites of Mexican spotted owls in northcentral Arizona. Journal of Wildlife Management. 61(2): 336-342.

Baltosser, W. W., and P. E. Scott. 1997. Costa's Hummingbird. In: Life histories for the 21st Century. Philadelphia, PA. The Academy of Natural Sciences: 32 p.
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Graham, R. T., T. B. Jain, R. T. Reynolds, and D. A. Boyce. 1997. The role of fire in sustaining northern goshawk habitat in Rocky Mountain forests. In: J. M. Greenlee, ed. Proceedings of the first conference on fire effects on rare and endangered species and habitats; 1995 November 13-16; Fairfield, WA: International Association of Wildland Fire: 69-76.

Grubb, T. G., and R. G. Lopez. 1997. Ice fishing by wintering bald eagles in Arizona. Wilson Bulletin. 109(3): 546-548.
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Heidmann, L. J., P. F. Ffolliott, and G. J. Gottfried. 1997. Thirty-year growth and yield of a ponderosa pine plantation in Arizona. In: Res. Note RM-537. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 1-6.
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Gottfried, G. J., M. B. Baker Jr., P. F. Ffolliott, and G. K. Colmer. 1997. Snowpack-runoff relationships for a mixed conifer watershed in Arizona. In: Hydrology and water resources in Arizona and the southwest, proceedings of the 1997 meetings of the hydrology section Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, Volume 27. Las Vegas, NV: 1-8.

Squires, J. R., and R. T. Reynolds. 1997. Northern goshawk. Squires, J.R., and R.T. Reynolds. 1997. Northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis). In The Birds of North America, No. 298. A. Poole and F. Gill (editors). The Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia, PA, and The American Ornithologists’ Union. Washington, D.C.

Linkhart, B. D., and R. T. Reynolds. 1997. Territories of flammulated owls: is occupancy a measure of habitat quality? In: J. R. Duncan, D. H. Johnson, and T. H. Nicholls, eds., Biology and conservation of owls in the northern hemisphere, second international symposium; 1997 February 5-9; Manitoba, Canada. Gen. Tech. Rep. NC-190. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experimental Station: 250-254.
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Dahms, C. W., and B. W. Geils, technical editors. 1997. An Assessment of forest ecosystem health in the Southwest. Fort Collins, Colo. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 97 p. General technical report RM GTR-295.
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Evans, K. E., ed. 1997. Research needs for forest and rangeland management in Arizona and New Mexico. In: Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-291. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 27 p.
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Morrison, M. L., P. R. Krausman, M. Sureda, and L. M. Fox. 1997. Literature on wildlife research in the Madrean archipelago. 1800's-1994. In: Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-290. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Experiment Station: 54 p.
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Keitt, T., D. Urban, and B. T. Milne. 1997. Detecting critical scales in fragmented landscapes. Conservation Ecology. 1(1): 16-18.
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Klopatek, C. C., and J. M. Klopatek. 1997. Nitrifiers and mycorrhizae in pristine and grazed pinyon-juniper ecosystems. Arid Soil Research and Rehabilitation. 11(4): 331-342.

Squires, J. R., and S. H. Anderson. 1997. Changes in trumpeter swan (Cygnus buccinator) activities from winter to spring in the greater Yellowstone area. American Midland Naturalist. 138(1): 208-214.

Brussaard, L., V. M. Behan-Pelletier, D. E. Bignell, [and others]. 1997. Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in soil. Ambio. 26(8): 563-570.
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Marzluff, J. M. 1997. Effects of urbanization and recreation on songbirds. In: Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-292. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 89-102.
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Finch, D. M., J. L. Ganey, W. Yong, R. T. Kimball, and R. Sallabanks. 1997. Effects and Interactions of Fire, Logging, and Grazing. In: Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-292. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 103-136.
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Hall, L. S., M. L. Morrison, and W. M. Block. 1997. Songbird status and roles. In: Songbird ecology in southwestern ponderosa pine forests: a literature review. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-292. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 69-88.
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Ganey, J. L., W. M. Block, J. S. Jenness, and R. A. Wilson. 1997. Comparative habitat use of sympatric Mexican spotted and great horned owls. Journal of Wildlife Research. 2(2): 115-123.
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Saab, V. A., and T.D. Rich. 1997. Large-scale conservation assessment for Neotropical migratory landbirds in the Interior Columbia River Basin. USDA, Pacific Northwest Research Station, General Technical Report, PNW-GTR-399.
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Block, W. M. and D. M. Finch technical editors. 1997. Songbird Ecology in Southwestern Ponderosa Pine Forests: A Literature Review. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-GTR-292. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. Fort Collins, CO: 152 p.
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Rich, K. M., and P. Mehlhop. 1997. Landscape dynamics and considerations. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-292. Fort Collins, CO. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 137-144.
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Scurlock, D., and D. M. Finch. 1997. A historical review. In: Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-292. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 43-68.
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Moir, W. H., B. W. Geils, M. A. Benoit, and D. Scurlock. 1997. Ecology of southwestern ponderosa pine forests. In: Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-292. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 3-27.
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Finch, D. M., and W. M. Block. 1997. Introduction. In: Songbird ecology in southwestern ponderosa pine forests: a literature review. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-292. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 1-2.
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Saab, V. A. 1997. Cavity-nesting bird responses to stand-replacement fire and postfire salvage logging. Blue Mountains Natural Resources Institute 7:8-9.

Raish, C., W. Yong, and J. Marzluff. 1997. Contemporary human uses of southwestern ponderosa pine forests. In: Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-292. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 28-42.
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Block, W. M., D. M. Finch, J. L. Ganey, and W H. Moir 1997. Summary. Songbird ecology in southwestern ponderosa pine forests: a literature review. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-292. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 145-150.
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May, C. A., M. Z. Peery, R. J. Gutiérrez, M. E. Seamans, and D. R. Olson. 1996. Feasibility of a random quadrant study designed to estimate changes in density of Mexican spotted owls. In: Res. Pap. RM-322. Fort Collins, CO/USA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 12 p.
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Franklin, A. B., R. J. Gutiérrez, B. R. Noon, and J. P. Ward, Jr. 1996. Demographic characteristics and trends of northern spotted owl populations in northwestern California. In: Studies in avian biology. 17. Camarillo, CA/USA: Cooper Ornithological Society: 83-91.
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Overby, S. T., and H. M. Perry. 1996. Direct effects of prescribed fire on available nitrogen and phosphorus in an Arizona chaparral watershed. Arid Soil Research and Rehabilitation. 10: 347-357.

Siders, M., and P. L. Kennedy. 1996. Forest structural characteristics of accipiter nesting habitat: is there an allometric relationship? The Condor. 98(1): 123-132.
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DeBano, L. F., G. J. Gottfried, J. Villanueva-Diaz, P. F. Ffolliott, and D. Valdez-Zamudio. 1996. Initial assessment of fire-damaged mesquite trees following an illegal burn. In: P. F. Ffolliott, L. F. DeBano, M. B. Baker, G. J. Gottfried, G. Solis-Garza, C. B. Edminster, and R. H. Hamre, eds. Effects of fire on Madrean province ecosystems-a symposium proceedings; 1996 March 11-15; Tucson, AZ. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-289. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 226-228.
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Moir, W. H., and R. Fletcher. 1996. Forest diversity in New Mexico. New Mexico Journal of Science. 36: 232-254.

Reynolds, R. T., W. M. Block, and D. A. Boyce, Jr. 1996. Using ecological relationships of wildlife as templates for restoring southwestern forests. In: W. Covington, and P. K. Wagnee, tech. coords. Conference on adaptive ecosystem restoration and management; Fort Collins, CO/USA. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-278. Fort Collins, CO/USA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 35-43.
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MacDonald, S. O., and J. A. Cook. 1996. The land mammal fauna of southeast Alaska. The Canadian Field-Naturalist. 110(4): 571-598.

Ganey J. L., W. M. Block, and P. F. Boucher. 1996. Effects of Fire on Birds in Madrean Forests and Woodlands. In: P. F. Ffolliott, L. F. DeBano, M. B. Baker, G. J. Gottfried, G. Solis-Garza, C. B. Edminster, D. G. Neary, L. S. Allen, R. H. Hamre, eds. Gen Tech. Rep. RM-289; 1996 March 11-15; Tucson, AZ. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 146-154.
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Morrison, M. L., W. M. Block, L. S. Hall, L. L. Christoferson, and J. A. Martin. 1996. Linking research and management: conceptual designs and case studies. North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference. 61: 463-471.
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Clary, W.P., N.L. Shaw, J.G. Dudley, V. A. Saab, J.W. Kinney, L.C. Smithman. 1996. Response of a depleted sagebrush steppe riparian system to grazing control and woody plantings. USDA, Intermountain Research Station, Research Paper INT-RP 492.
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Klopatek, C. C. 1996. Melange of below-ground research in arid and semi-arid systems. Video for the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory CEB Meeting. 11 January 1996. Berkeley, CA. Video is also being used for educational purposes at schools in the United States and South America. Video (1hr. 10 min.).

Covington, W., and P. K. Wagner. 1996. Conference on adaptive ecosystem restoration and management: restoration of cordilleran conifer landscape of North America; 6-8 June 1995; Flagstaff, AZ/USA. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-278. Fort Collins, CO/USA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 91 p.
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Christoferson, L. L. 1996. Defining breeding habitat for painted redstarts, solitary vireos, and western wood-pewees in riparian areas of southeastern Arizona. Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona. 71 p. Thesis.

Aigner, P. A. 1996. Effects of firewood harvesting on avian abundance and guild structure in a California oak-pine woodland. Northern Arizona University. 117 p. Thesis.
available from Cline Library

Chojnacky, D. C., and M. E. Rubey. 1996. Smoothing point data into maps using SAS/GRAPH software. Res. Note INT-428. Fort Collins, CO/USA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 13 p.
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Hodgson, A. 1996. Dispersal and habitat use of Mexican spotted owls in New Mexico Reno, NV: University of Nevada. 91 p. Thesis.

Hall, L. S., and J. O. Karubian. 1996. Breeding behavior of elegant trogons in southeastern Arizona. AUK. 113(1): 143-150.

Hall, L. S. 1996. Habitat selection by the elegant trogon at multiple scales Tucson, AZ/USA: University of Arizona. 181 p. Dissertation.

Gutiérrez, R. J., M. E. Seamans, and M. Z. Peery. 1996. Intermountain movement by Mexican spotted owls (Strix occidentalis lucida). Great Basin Naturalist. 56(1): 87-89.
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Gutiérrez, R. J., and S. Harrison. 1996. Applying metapopulation theory to spotted owl management: a history and critique. In: McCullough, Dale R., ed. Metapopulations and wildlife conservation. Washington, DC: Island Press: 167-185.

Kruse, W. H., G. J. Gottfried, D. A. Bennett, and H. Mata-Mangueros. 1996. The role of fire in madrean encinal oak and pinyon-juniper woodland development. In: P. F. Ffolliott, L. F. DeBano, M. B. Baker, G. J. Gottfried, G. Solis-Garza, C. B. Edminster, D. G. Neary, L. S. Allen, and R. H. Hamre, eds. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-289; 1996 March 11-15; Tucson, AZ. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Experiment Station: 99-106.
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Peery, M. Z. 1996. A landscape-scale analysis of Humboldt State University. 22 p. Thesis.

Sureda, M. 1996. Small mammal abundance within Mexican spotted owl home ranges in the Manti-Lasal National Forest, San Juan County, Utah. Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona. 116 p. Thesis.

White, G. C., A. B. Franklin, and J. P. Ward Jr. 1996. Population biology. In: W. M. Block, F. Clemente, J. F. Cully, J. L. Dick Jr., A. B. Franklin, and J. L. Ganey, comps., eds. Recovery plan for the Mexican spotted owl, vol. II. Technical supporting information. Albuquerque, NM/USA: U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service: 25 p.
Final plan available author contact

Zeller NK and Schwartz MK. 1996. General Biology Laboratories: evolution and the kingdoms. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, Iowa.

Squires, J. R., and L. F. Ruggiero. 1996. Nest-site preference of northern goshawks in southcentral Wyoming. Journal of Wildlife Management. 60(1): 170-177.

Kruse, W. H. 1995. Effects of fuelwood harvesting on small mammal populations in a pinon-juniper woodland. In: Desired future conditions for pinon-juniper ecosystems; 1994 August 8-12; Flagstaff, AZ. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-258. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 91-96.
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Gutiérrez, R. J., A. B. Franklin, A.B., and W. S. LaHaye. 1995. Spotted owl. In: The birds of North America #179. Philadelphia, PA/USA: The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia: 28 p.
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Lundquist, J. E., and J. P. Ward Jr. 1995. Describing the conditions of forest ecosystems using disturbance profiles. In: Forest health through silviculture; 8-11 May, 1995: Mescalero, NM/USA. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-267. Fort Collins, CO/USA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 128-134.
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Block, W. M., F. Clemente, J. F. Culey, A. B. Franklin, and J. L. Ganey. 1995. Draft Mexican spotted owl recovery plan. Albuquerque, NM: U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. 646 p.
Final plan available

Ganey, J. L., and J. L. Dick, Jr. 1995. Habitat relationships of the Mexican spotted owl: current knowledge. In: Draft Mexican spotted owl recovery plan. Albuquerque, NM: U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service: 207-273.
Final plan available

Block, W. M., F. Clemente, J. F. Cully, J. L. Dick, Jr., and A. B. Franklin. 1995. Recovery plan for the Mexican spotted owl, vol. II. Technical supporting information. Albuquerque, NM/USA: U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. 150 p.
Final plan available

Zabel, C. J., K. McKelvey, and J. P. Ward Jr. 1995. Influence of primary prey on home-range size and habitat-use patterns of northern spotted owls (Strix occidentialis caurina). Canadian Journal of Zoology. 73: 433-439.
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Saab, V. A., C.E. Bock, T.D. Rich, and D.S. Dobkin. 1995. Livestock grazing effects in western North America. In T.E. Martin and D.M. Finch [eds.], Ecology and management of Neotropical migratory birds: a synthesis and review of critical issues. Pages 311-353. Oxford University Press, New York.
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Ganey, J. L., and J. L. Dick, Jr. 1995. Habitat relationships of the Mexican spotted owl: current knowledge. In: Block, W. M.; Clemente, F.; Cully, J. F.; Dick, Jr., J. L.; Franklin, A. B.; Ganey, J. L., comps., eds. Recovery plan for the Mexican spotted owl, vol. II. Technical supporting information. Albuquerque, NM/USA: U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service: 42 p.
Final plan available

Moir, W. H., J. L. Dick Jr., W. M. Block, J. P. Ward Jr., R. Vahle, and F. P. Howe. 1995. Conceptual framework for recovery. In: W. M. Block, F. Clemente, J. F. Cully, J. L. Dick Jr., A. B. Franklin, J. L. Ganey, comps., eds. Recovery plan for the Mexican spotted owl, vol. I. Albuquerque, NM/USA: U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service: 59-75.
Final plan available

Kruse, W. H., and H. M. Perry. 1995. Ecosystem management research in an "old growth" pinon-juniper woodland. In: Desired future conditions for pinon-juniper ecosystems; 1994 August 8-12; Flagstaff, AZ. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-258. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 219-224.
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Toure, B. 1995. Soil moisture and moisture stress of C3 and C4 grasses along an environmental gradient. Tempe, AZ/USA: Arizona State University. 73 p. Thesis.

Ward, Jr., J. P., and W. M. Block. 1995. Mexican spotted owl prey ecology. In: Draft Mexican spotted owl recovery plan. Albuquerque, NM: U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service: 274-358.
Final plan available

Klopatek, C. C., K. L. Murphy, J. Rosen, J. R. Obst, and J. M. Klopatek. 1995. Preliminary results of decomposition and cellulose degradation along an environmental gradient in northern Arizona. In: Desired future conditions for pinon-juniper ecosystems; 1994 August 8-12; Flagstaff, AZ. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-258. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 46-53.
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Klopatek, C. C., K. L. Murphy, and J. M. Klopatek. 1995. Preliminary results of carbon cycling in southwestern ecosystems: implications for climate change. In: R. W. Tinus, ed. Proceedings of the interior west global change program workshop; 1995 April 25-27; Fort Collins, CO. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-262. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 51-56.
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Ward, Jr., J. P., and W. M. Block. 1995. Mexican spotted owl prey ecology. In: W. M. Block, F. Clemente, J. F. Cully, J. L. Dick, Jr., A. B. Franklin, and J. L. Ganey, comps., eds. Recovery plan for the Mexican spotted owl, vol. II. Technical supporting information. Albuquerque, NM/USA: U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service: 48 p.
Final plan available

Block, W. M., F. Clemente, J. F. Cully, J. L. Dick, Jr., A. B. Franklin, and J. L. Ganey. 1995. Recovery plan for the Mexican spotted owl, vol. I. Albuquerque, NM/USA: U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. 172 p.
Final plan available

Keitt, T., A. B. Franklin, and D. Urban. 1995. Landscape analysis and metapopulation structure. In: W. M. Block, F. Clemente, J. F. Cully, J. L. Dick Jr., A. B. Franklin, and J. L. Ganey, comps., eds. Recovery plan for the Mexican spotted owl, vol. II. Technical supporting information. Albuquerque, NM/USA: U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service:16 p
Final plan available

Ward, Jr., J. P., A. B. Franklin, S. E. Rinkevich, and F. Clemente. 1995. Distribution and abundance. In: Draft Mexican spotted owl recovery plan. Albuquerque, NM: U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service: 97-122.
Final plan available

Grubb, T. G. 1995. Constructing Bald Eagle Nests With Natural Materials. Research note RM ; RN-535. Fort Collins, Colo. : USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station.
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Ward, Jr., J. P., A. B. Franklin, S. E. Rinkevich, and F. Clemente. 1995. Distribution and abundance. In: W. M. Block, F. Clemente, J. F. Cully, J. L. Dick Jr., A. B. Franklin, and J. L. Ganey, comps., eds. Recovery plan for the Mexican spotted owl, vol. II. Technical supporting information. Albuquerque, NM/USA: U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service: 14p.
Final plan available

Ward, J. M. 1995. Effects of supplemental food on the reproductive ecology of the northern goshawk during brood rearing. Fort Collins, CO/USA: Colorado State University. 43 p. Thesis.
available from CSU library

Ganey, J. L., and F. P. Howe. 1995. Introduction. In: Draft Mexican spotted owl recovery plan. Albuquerque, NM: U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service: 41-42.
Final plan available

Rinkevich, S. E., J. L. Ganey, W. H. Moir, F. P. Howe, F. Clemente, J. F. Martinez-Montoya. 1995. Recovery units. In: W. M. Block, F. Clemente, J. F. Cully, J. L. Dick Jr., A. B. Franklin, and J. L. Ganey, comps., eds. Recovery plan for the Mexican spotted owl, vol. I. Albuquerque, NM/USA: U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service: 36-51.
Final plan available

Siders, M. 1995. Nesting habitat of sympatric accipiters in north central New Mexico. Fort Collins, CO/USA: Colorado State University. 111 p. Thesis.
available from CSU library

Dick, Jr., J. L., J. L. Ganey, and W. H. Moir. 1995. Definitions of forest over cover types. In: W. M. Block, F. Clemente, J. F. Cully, J. L. Dick, Jr., A. B. Franklin, and J. L. Ganey, comps., eds. Recovery plan for the Mexican spotted owl, vol. I. Albuquerque, NM/USA: U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service: 52-58.
Final plan available

Seamans, M. E., and R. J. Gutiérrez. 1995. Breeding habitat of Mexican spotted owls in the Tularosa Mountains, NM. Condor. 97(4): 944-952.
800k pdf author contact

Block, W. M., D. M. Finch, and L. A. Brennan 1995. Single species versus multiple-species approaches for management. In: T. E. Martin, and D. E. Finch, comps., eds. Ecology and management of neotropical migratory birds: a synthesis and review of critical issues. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press: 461-476.
Publishers web site

Rinkevich, S. E., J. L. Ganey, J. P. Ward Jr., G. C. White, D. L. Urban, and A. B. Franklin. 1995. General biology and ecological relationships of the Mexican spotted owl. In: W. M. Block, F. Clemente, J. F. Cully, J. L. Dick Jr., A. B. Franklin, and J. L. Ganey, comps., eds. Recovery plan for the Mexican spotted owl, vol. I. Albuquerque, NM/USA: U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service: 19-35.
Final plan available

Rinkevich, S. E., J. L. Ganey, W. H. Moir, F. P. Howe, and J. F. Montoya. 1995. Recovery units. In: Draft Mexican spotted owl recovery plan. Albuquerque, NM: U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service: 43-75.
Final plan available

Squires, J. R., and S. H. Anderson. 1995. Trumpeter Swan (Cygnus buccinator) food habits in the greater Yellowstone ecosystems. American Midland Naturalist. 133: 274-282.

Squires, J. R., and L. F. Ruggiero. 1995. Winter movements of adult northern goshawks that nested in south-central Wyoming. Journal of Raptor Research. 29(1): 5-9.

Morrison, M. L., W. M. Block, L. S. Hall, H. S. Stone. 1995. Habitat characteristics and monitoring of amphibians and reptiles in the Huachuca Mountains, Arizona. The Southwestern Naturalist. 40(2): 185-192.

Grubb, T. G. 1995. Food habits of bald eagles breeding in the Arizona desert. Wilson Bulletin. 107(2): 258-274.
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Murphy, K. L. 1995. The effects of climate and litter quality on litter decomposition along an environmental gradient. Tempe, AZ/USA: Arizona State University. 123 p. Thesis.

Aigner, P. A., M. L. Morrison, L. S. Hall, and W. M. Block. 1994. Great Horned Owl Food Habits at Mono Lake, California. The Southwestern Natuuralist Vol 39, no. 3.
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Kennedy, P. L., J. M. Ward, G. A. Rinker, and J. A. Gessaman. 1994. Post-fledging areas in northern goshawk home ranges. In: The northern goshawk: ecology and management; 1993 April 14-15; Sacramento, CA. Studies in Avian Biology No. 16. Lawrence, KS: Cooper Ornithological Society: 75-82.
full volume PDF from SORA

Block, W. M., M. L. Morrison, J. Verner, and P. N. Manley. 1994. Assessing wildlife-habitat-relationships models: a case study with California oak woodlands. Wildlife Society Bulletin. 22(4): 549-561.
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Klopatek, C. C. 1994. Effect of fire on mycorrhizae Women in Natural Resources. 15(3):14-15.

Joy, S. M., R. T. Reynolds, and D. G. Leslie. 1994. Northern goshawk broadcast surveys: hawk response variables and survey cost. In: The northern goshawk: ecology and management; 1993 April 14-15; Sacramento, CA. Studies in the Avian Biology No. 16. Lawrence, KS: Cooper Ornithological Society: 24-30.
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Scott, P. E. 1994. Lucifer Hummingbird. No. 134. Washington, DC: The American Ornithologists Union. 20 p.
author contact

Hall, L. S., M. L. Morrison, and W. M. Block. 1994. Current Status of Terrestrial Birds on the Islands of Mono Lake. The Southwestern Naturalist.Vol 39, no. 2.

Graham, R. T., R. T. Reynolds, M. H. Reiser, R. L. Bassett, and D. A. Boyce. 1994. Sustaining forest habitat for the northern goshawk: a question of scale. In: The northern goshawk: ecology and management; 1993 April 14-15; Sacramento, CA. Studies in Avian Biology No. 16. Lawrence, KS: Cooper Ornithological Society: 12-17.
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Block, W. M., M. L. Morrison, and M. H. Rieser. 1994. Introduction. In: The northern goshawk: ecology and management; 1993 April 14-15; Sacramento, CA. Studies in Avian Biology No. 16. Lawrence, KS: Cooper Ornithological Society: 1-2.
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Block, W. M., M. L. Morrison, and M. H. Reiser, eds. 1994. The northern goshawk: ecology and management; 1993 April 14-15; Sacramento, CA. Studies in Avian Biology No. 16. Lawrence, KS: Cooper Ornithological Society: 136 p.
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Siders, M. S., and P. L. Kennedy. 1994. Nesting habitat of accipiter hawks: is body size a consistent predictor of nest habitat characteristics? In: The northern goshawk: ecology and management; 1993 April 14-15; Sacramento, CA. Studies in Avian Biology No. 16. Lawrence, KS: Cooper Ornithological Society: 92-96.
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Ward, J. M., and P. L. Kennedy. 1994. Approaches to investigating food limitation hypotheses in raptor populations: an example using the northern goshawk. In: The northern goshawk: ecology and management; 1993 April 14-15; Sacramento, CA. Studies in Avian Biology No. 16. Lawrence, KS: Cooper Ornithological Society: 114-118.
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Boal, C. W., and R. W. Mannan. 1994. Northern goshawk diets in ponderosa pine forests on the Kaibab Plateau. In: The northern goshawk: ecology and management; 1993 April 14-15; Sacramento, CA. Studies in Avian Biology No. 16. Lawrence, KS: Cooper Ornithological Society: 97-102.
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Kaufmann, M.R., Graham, R.T., Boyce D.A. Jr.,Moir, W.H. Perry, L., Reynolds, R.T., Bassett, R.L., Mehlhop, P., Edminster, C.B., Block, W. M., and Corn, P.S. 1994. An Ecological Basis for Ecosystem Management. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-246. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station.
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Scott, P. E., and B. R. McKinney. 1994. Brown-headed cowbird removes blue-gray gnatcatcher nestlings. Journal of Field Ornithology. 65(3): 363-364.
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Klopatek, C. C., C. Friese, M. F. Allen, and J. M. Klopatek. 1994. Comparisons of field and laboratory studies on the effects of fire on VA mycorrhizal fungi. In: Proceedings of the 12th conference on fire and forest meteorology; 1993 October 26-28; Jekyll Island, GA. SAF Publ. 94-02. Bethesda, MD: Society of American Foresters: 762-776.

Ganey, J. L. and R. P. Balda. 1994. Habitat selection by Mexican Spotted Owls in Northern Arizona. Auk 111:162-169.
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Joy, S. M., R. T. Reynolds, R. L. Knight, and R. W. Hoffman 1994. Feeding ecology of sharp-shinned hawks in deciduous and coniferous forests in Colorado. Condor 96:455-467
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Reynolds, R. T., S. M. Joy, and D. G. Leslie. 1994. Nest productivity, fidelity, and spacing of northern goshawks in Arizona. In: The northern goshawk: ecology and management; 1993 April 14-15; Sacramento, CA. Studies in Avian Biology No. 16. Lawrence, KS: Cooper Ornithological Society: 106-113.
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Bright-Smith, D. J., and R. W. Mannan. 1994. Habitat use by breeding male northern goshawks in northern Arizona. In: The northern goshawk: ecology and management; 1993 April 14-15; Sacramento, CA. Studies in Avian Biology No. 16. Lawrence, KS: Cooper Ornithological Society: 58-65.
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Bassett, R. L., D. A. Boyce, Jr., M. H. Reiser, R. T. Graham, and R. T. Reynolds. 1994. Influence of site quality and stand density on goshawk habitat in southwestern forests. In: The northern goshawk: ecology and management; 1993 April 14-15; Sacramento, CA. Studies in Avian Biology No. 16. Lawrence, KS: Cooper Ornithological Society: 41-45.
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Ganey, J. L. and W. M. Block. 1994. A comparison of two techniques for measuring canopy closure. Western journal of applied forestry. Vol. 9, no. 1. p. 21-23.
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Boal, C. W. 1994. A photographic and behavioral guide to aging nestling northern goshawks. In: The northern goshawk: ecology and management; 1993 April 14-15; Sacramento, CA. Studies in Avian Biology No. 16. Lawrence, KS: Cooper Ornithological Society: 32-40.
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Grubb, T. G., W. W. Bowerman, and P. H. Howey. 1994. Tracking local and seasonal movements of wintering bald eagles Haliaeetus leucocephalus from Arizona and Michigan with satellite telemetry. In: Proceedings of the IV world conference on birds of prey and owls; 1992 May 10-17; Berlin, Germany. Near Robertsbridge, East Sussex: Helm Information: 347-358.

Perry, H. M. 1994. Fuelwood harvesting and prescribed fire. Women in Natural Resources. 15(3): 15 p.

Zhou, B. 1994. Quantifying Mexican spotted owl habitat with the Johnson system of distributions. Flagstaff, AZ: Northern Arizona University. 169 p. Thesis.
available from Cline Library

Seamans, M. E. 1994. Breeding habitat ecology of the Mexican spotted owl in the Tularosa Mountains, New Mexico. Humboldt State University. 64 p. Thesis.

Bengston JL, Jansen JK, Meyer WR, Miller RV, Schwartz MK, and Walker BW. 1993. AMLR Program: fur seal and seabird studies at Seal Island, South Shetland Islands during the 1992/93 austral summer. Antarctic Journal 14: 21-24.

Finch, D. M., W. M. Block, R. A. Fletcher and L. F. Fager. 1993. Integrating neotropical migratory birds into Forest Service plans for ecosystem management. Transactions of the fifty-eighth North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference. p. 417-421.
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Manley, P. N., W. M. Block, F. R. Thompson, G. S. Butcher, C. Paige, L. H. Suring, D. S. Winn, D. Roth, C. J. Ralph, E. Morris, C. H. Flather, and K. Byford. 1993. Guidelines for Monitoring Populations of Neotropical Migratory Birds on National Forests Sysyem Lands. Monitoring Task Group Report. USDA Forest Service, Wildlife and Fisheries Staff, Washington DC. July 1993.
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Block, W. M. 1993. The biology of rare and declining species and habitats: session summary. Conference on sustainable ecological systems : Sustainable ecological systems: implementing an ecological approach to land management. Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, July 12-15, 1993.
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Ganey, J. L., Balda, R. P., King, R. M. 1993. Metabolic rate and evaporative water loss of Mexican Spotted and Great Horned Owls. Wilson Bulletin 105 (4) 645-656.
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Boal, C. W. 1993. Northern goshawk diets in ponderosa pine forests in northern Arizona. Tucson, AZ/USA: University of Arizona. 60 p. Thesis.
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Smith, D. J. 1993. Habitat use by breeding male northern goshawks in northern Arizona. Tucson, AZ/USA: University of Arizona. 71 p. Thesis.

Block, W. M. and L. A. Brennan. 1993. The habitat concept in ornithology : theory and applications. Current ornithology. Volume 11. p. 35-91.
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Clancy, K.M., J.K. Itami, and D. P. Huebner. 1993. Douglas-fir nutrients and terpenes: potential resistance factors to western spruce budworm defoliation. Forest Science 39(1).

Reynolds, R. T., and Brian D. Linkhart. 1992. Flammulated Owls in Ponderosa Pine: Evidence of Preference for Old Growth. Paper presented at the Workshop on Old-growth Forests in the Southwest and Rocky Mountain Region, (Portal, AZ, March 3-5, 1992).
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Ganey, J. L., R. B. Duncan, W. M. Block. 1992. Use of Oak and Associated Woodlands by Mexican Spotted Owls in Arizona. In: Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-GTR-218. Fort Collins, CO: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.:125-128.
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Ganey, J. L. 1992. Food habits of Mexican spotted owls in Arizona. Wilson Bulletin. Vol. 104, no. 2:321-326.
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Reynolds, R.T., R.T. Graham, M.H. Reiser, R.L. Bassett, P.L. Kennedy, D.A. Boyce Jr., G. Goodwin, R. Smith and E.L. Fisher. 1992. Management Recommendations for the Northern Goshawk in the Southwestern United States. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-GTR-217. Fort Collins, CO: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 91 p.
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Block, W. M., J. L. Ganey, K. E. Severson, and M. L. Morrison. 1992. Use of Oaks by Neotropical Migratory Birds in the Southwest. Pages 65-70 in: Ecology and management of oak and associated woodlands: perspectives in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. GTR RM-218
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Block, W. M., and K. E. Severson. 1992. Habitat Associations of Birds and Herpetofauna in Southeastern Arizona. Chiricahua Mountains Research Symposium Proceedings.
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Morrison, M. L., W. M. Block, J. R. Jehl, Jr., and L. S. Hall. 1992. Terrestrial vertebrates of the Mono Lake islands, California. The Great Basin naturalist. Vol. 52, no. 4. p. 328-334 : map.
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Morrison, M. L., W. M. Block, and J. Verner. 1991. Wildlife-Habitat Relationships in California's Oak Woodlands: Where Do We Go from Here? Pages 105-109 in: Proceedings of the Symposium on Oak Woodlands and Hardwood Rangeland Management. October 31-November 2, 1990. Davis California. GTR PSW-123.

Block, W. M., L. A. Brennan, and R. J. Gutierrez. 1991. Ecomorphological Relationships of a guild of ground-foraging birds in Northern California, USA. Oecologia (1991) 87:449-458.

Grubb, T. G. 1991. Modifications of the Portable Rocket-Net Capture System to Improve Performance. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, March 1980. Research Note RM-502.
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Block, W. M. 1991. Foraging ecology of Nuttall's woodpecker. Auk. Vol. 108: 303-317.
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Block, W. M. and M. L. Morrison. 1991. Influence of scale on the management of wildlife in California oak woodlands. In: Proceedings of the Symposium on Oak Woodlands and Hardwood Rangeland Management : October 31-November 2, 1990, Davis, California. General technical report PSW. p. 96-104.
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Noon, B.R.; Block, W. M. 1990. Analytical considerations for study design. Pages 126-133 in: Morrison, M.L.; Ralph, C.J.; Verner, J.; Jehl, J.R., eds., Avian Foraging: Theory, Methodology, and Applications. Studies in Avian Biology. Issue 13.
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Reynolds, R. T., and B. D. Linkhart. 1990. Longevity records for male and female flammulated owls. Journal Field Ornithology 61: 243-244.
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Manweiler, S. A., R. S. Lane, W. M. Block, and M. L. Morrison. 1990. Survey of Birds and Lizardsd for Ixodid Ticks (Acari) and Spirochetal Infection in Northern California. J. Med. Entomol. 27(6): 1011-1015.

Reynolds, R. T., and B. D. Linkhart. 1990. Extra-pair copulation and extra-range movements in Flammulated Owls. Ornis Scandinavica 21:1 pp 74-77.
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Ganey, J. L. 1990. Calling Behavior of Spotted Owls in Northern Arizona. Condor: Vol. 92, No. 2, March-April, 1990
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Ganey, J. L., M. E. Alderson, R. P. Balda, and D. R. Patton. 1990. Developing a Large-Scale Model or Mexican Spotted Owl Habitat. Pages 182-189 in P. R. Krausman and N. S. Smith, eds. Managing wildlife in the southwest. Ariz. Chap. the Wildl. Soc. Phoenix, Ariz.

Block, W. M., and M. L. Morrison. 1990. Wildlife diversity of the central Sierra foothills. Pages 19-22 in California Agriculture, March-April.

Reynolds, R. T., S. M. Joy, and T. Mears 1990. Predation and observation records of boreal owls in Western Colorado. Colo. Field Ornith. 24:99-101

Joy, Suzanne M. 1990. Feeding ecology of sharp-shinned hawks and nest-site characteristics of accipiters in Colorado. Colorado State University. M.S. Thesis. 72 pp.
available from CSU library

Block, W. M. 1990. Geographic variation in foraging ecologies of breeding and nonbreeding birds in oak woodlands. Avian foraging : theory, methodology, and applications : proceedings of an international symposium of the Cooper Ornithological Society held at Asilomar, California, December 18-19, 1988. Studies in avian biology ; no. 13. p. 264-269.
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Block, W. M., M. L. Morrison, and J. Verner. 1990. Wildlife and Oak-Woodland Interdependency. p 72-76 in: Fremontia. Year of the Oak. July 1990.

Morrison, M. L., L. A. Brennan, and W. M. Block. 1989. Arthropod Sampling Methods in Ornithology: Goals and Pitfalls. In Estimation and Analysis of Insect Populations. Proceedings of a conference held in Laramie, Wyoming, January 25-29, 1988. L. McDonald, B. Manly, J. Lockwood, J. Logan (Eds.)

Ganey, J. L. and R. P. Balda. 1989. Distribution and habitat use of Mexican spotted owls in Arizona. Condor. Vol. 91:355-361.
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Grubb, T. G., and W. L. Eakle. 1988. Recording Wildlife Locations with the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Grid System. Research Note RM-483
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Grubb, T. G. 1988. A Portable Rocket-Net System for Capturing Wildlife. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, March 1980. Research Note RM-484.
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Block, W. M., M. L. Morrison, J. C. Slaymaker, and G. Jongejan. 1988. Design Consideration for the Study of Amphibians, Reptiles, and Small Mammals in California's Oak Woodlands: Temporal and Spatial Patterns. Pages 247-253 in: Management of Amphibians, Reptiles, and Small Mammals in North America. July 19-21, 1988. Proceedings. GTR RM-166.
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Grubb, Teryl G.; Forbis, Larry A.; McWhorter, Marta; Sherman, David R. 1988. Adaptive perch selection as a mechanism of adoption by a replacement Bald Eagle. Source: Wilson Bulletin 100 (2) 302-305.
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Morrison, Michael L., Kimberly, A.; Timossi, Irene C.; Block, William M.; Milne, Kathleen A 1987. Foraging behavior of bark-foraging birds in the Sierra Nevada. Condor 89 (1) 201-204.
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Block, W. M., and L. A. Brannan. 1987. Characteristics of Lewis' Woodpecker Habitat on the Modoc Plateau, California. Western Birds 18: 209-212, 1987.

Block, W. M., L. A. Brennan, and R. J. Gutierrez. 1987. Evaluation of Guild-indicator Species for Use in Resource Management. Environmental Management. Vol 11. No 2. pp 265-269.

Brennan, L. A., W. M. Block, and R. J. Gutierrez. 1987. Habitat Use by Mountain Quail in Norhern California. The Condor 89:66-74.
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Block, W. M., K. A. With, and M. L. Morrison. 1987. On measuring bird habitat: influence of observer variability and sample size. Condor. Vol. 89, no. 2 p. 241-251.
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Block, W. M., and M. L. Morrison. 1987. Conceptual Framework anf Ecological Considerations for the Study of Birds in Oak Woodlands. In: Gen. Tech. Rep PSW-100. Berkeley, CA. Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture; 1987. p163-173.
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Linkhart, B. D., and R. T. Reynolds. 1987. Brood division and postnesting behavior of flammulated owls. Wilson Bulletin 99: 240-243.
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Block, W. M., L. A. Brennan, and R. J. Gutierrez. 1986. The Use of Guilds and Guild-Indicator Species for Assessing Habitat Suitability. Chapter 18 (p 109-11) in J. Vernor et al (eds) Wildlife 2000: Modeling Relationships of Terrestrial Vertebrate 1986

Brennan, L. A., and W. M. Block. 1986. Line Transect Estimates of Mountain Quail Density. J. Wildl. Manage. 50(3):373-377.

Brennan, L. A., and W. M. Block. 1985. Sex Determination of Mountain Quail Reconsidered. J. Wildl. Manage. 49(2):475-476.

Reynolds, R. T., Brian D. Linkhart, and Judy-Jo Jeanson. 1985. Characteristics of snags and trees containing cavities in a Colorado conifer forest. USDA Forest Service. Research note RM-455, Fort Collins, Colo.
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Reynolds, R. T., and B. D. Linkhart. 1984. Methods and materials for capturing and monitoring flammulated owls. Great Basin Naturalist 44: 51.
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Reynolds, R. T., and E. C. Meslow. 1984. Partitioning of Food and Niche Characteristics of Coexisting Accipiter During Breeding. The Awk 101:761-779.
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Brennan, L. A., W. M. Block, and R. J. Gutierrez. 1984. The Use of Multivariate Statistics for Developing Habitat Suitability Index Models. Chapter 27 in: Wildlife 2000. Modeling Habitat Relationships of Terrestrial Vertebrates. The University of Wisconsin Press.

Reynolds, R. T. 1983. Management of western coniferous forests habitat for nesting accipiter hawks. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, USDA Forest Service, Fort Collins, CO. GTR RM-102.
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Reynolds, R. T., E. C. Meslow, and H. M. Wight. 1982. Nesting Habitat of Coexisting Accipiter in Oregon. J. Wildl. Manage. 46(1):1982.

Grubb, T. G.; Coffey, Michael A. 1982. Evidence of Bald Eagles feeding on freshwater mussels. Wilson Bulletin 94 (1) 84-85.
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Reynolds, R. T., J. M. Scott and R. A. Nussbaum 1980. A variable circular-plot method for estimating bird numbers. Condor. -- Vol. 82, no. 3, p 309-313.
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Grubb, T. G. 1980. An Artificial Bald Eagle Nest Structure. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, March 1980. Research Note RM-383.
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Reynolds, R. T. and Wight. 1978. Distribution, density, and productivity of accipiter hawks breeding in Oregon. Wilson Bulletin 90:182-196.A
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Grubb, T. G. 1976. Nesting bald eagles attack researcher. Auk 93: 842-843.
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Snyder, N. F. R., H. A. Snyder, J. L. Lincer, and R. T. Reynolds. 1973. Organochlorines, heavy metals, and the biology of North American accipiters. BioScience 23: 300-305.

Reynolds, R. T. 1972. Sexual Dimorphism in Accipiter Hawks: A New Hypothesis. The Condor. Vol. 74, No. 2, pp. 191-197.
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Reynolds, R. T. 1971. A recent occurrence of a colony of white-throated swifts in Central Oregon. Murrelet 52:22.

Reynolds, R. T. 1970. Nest observations of the long-eared owl (Asio otus) in Benton County, Oregon, with notes on their food habitats. Murrelet 51: 8-9.
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Gaines, Edward M. Shaw, Elmer W. 1958. Half a century of research - Fort Valley Experimental Forest 1908-1958. Station Paper 38. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 17 p.
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Mattoon, W. R. 1909. Measurements of the Effects of Forest Cover Upon the Conservation of Snow Waters. Forest Quarterly 7(3): 245-248.
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