Rocky Mountain Research Station
Flagstaff Lab

Publications

Pierson, J.C., F.W. Allendorf, V. Saab, P. Drapeau, and M.K. Schwartz. In press (2010). Do male and female black-backed woodpeckers respond differently to gaps in habitat? Evolutionary Applications.

Wightman, C., V. Saab, C. Forristal, K. Mellen-Mclean, and A. Markus. In press (2010). White-headed woodpecker nesting ecology after wildfire. Journal of Wildlife Management.

Wood, W.F., J.P. Copeland, R.E. Yates, I.K. Horsey, L.R. McGreevy. In press. Potential semiochemicals in urine from free ranging wolverines (Gulo gulo Pallas, 1780). Biochemical Systematics and Ecology xxx (2009) 1–5
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Russell, R.E., A. Royle, V. Saab, W. Block, J. Lehmkuhl, and J. Sauer. In press. Modeling the response of wildlife communities to environmental disturbance: quantifying the effect of prescribed fire treatments on avian communities in a coniferous forest in Washington. Ecological Applications.
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Salafsky, S.M. In press. Population ecology of the northern goshawk in California in The northern goshawk in California: a technical assessment of its current status and ecology. Woodbridge, B., J. Keane, D. Hansen, and J. Dunk, technical editors. USDI Fish and Wildlife Service Technical Report, Yreka, California.

Bricker, M., D.E. Pearson, and J.M. Maron. In press. Small mammal seed predation limits the recruitment and abundance of two perennial grassland forbs. Ecology.

Luikart, G., K. Pilgrim, J. Visty, V. Ezenwa, and M.K. Schwartz. In Press. Parasite-mediated heterozygote advantage in wild bighorn sheep detected via noninvasive fecal sampling. Biology Letters 4:228-231.

McKenzie, D., C.L. Raymond, and S. Cushman. In Press. Modeling understory vegetation and its response to fire. In J.J. Millspaugh and F.R. Thompson, III, (eds.) Models for planning wildlife conservation in large landscapes. Elsevier.

Cushman, S.A. and K. McGarigal. In Press. Landscape metrics and scales of resolution. Chapter 4 in K.V. Gadow, (ed.), Adaptive Design of Forested Landscapes: The Multiple Path Principle. Springer.

Zwolak, R., D.E. Pearson, Y.K. Ortega, and E.E. Crone. In press. Fire and mice: Seed predation trumps fire’s influence on conifer recruitment. Ecology

Pope, T. L., and W. M. Block. In press. Effects of prescribed fire on winter assemblages of birds in ponderosa pine forests of Northern Arizona. Southwestern Naturalist.

Krausman, P. R., V. C. Bleich, W. M. Block, D. E. Naugle, and M. C. Wallace. In press. Rangeland conservation practices and wildlife. USDA NRCS Conservation Effects Assessment Report.

Krausman, P. R., D. E. Naugle, M. R. Frisina, R. Northrup, V. C. Bleich, W. M. Block, M. C. Wallace, and J. D. Wright. In press. Livestock grazing, wildlife habitat, and rangeland values. Rangelands.
full text PDF (1.575 MB)

Grubb, T. G. is author of one chapter In press. The Eagle Watchers Cornell University Press - more information forthcoming.

Ortega, Y.K., and D.E. Pearson. In press. Effects of picloram application on community dominants vary with initial levels of spotted knapweed invasion. Invasive Plant Science and Management 0:00-00.

McKelvey, K.S., S.A. Cushman, and M.K. Schwartz. 2010. Chapter 17. Landscape Genetics. In: Spatial Complexity, Informatics, and Wildlife Conservation. Springer.
full text PDF (0.197 MB)

Cushman, S. A., K. S. McKelvey, B. R. Noon, and K. McGarigal. 2010. Use of Abundance of One Species as a Surrogate for Abundance of Others. Conservation Biology, Volume **, No. **
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Cushman S.A., and K.S. McKelvey. 2010. Chapter 6. Data on Distribution and Abundance: Monitoring for Research and Management. In: Spatial Complexity, Informatics, and Wildlife Conservation. Springer.
full text PDF (0.232 MB)

Russell, R.E., J. F. Lehmkuhl, S.T. Buckland, V.A. Saab. 2010. Short-term responses of red squirrels to prescribed burning in the Interior Pacific Northwest, USA. Journal of Wildlife Management 74:12-17.
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Schwartz, M.K., G. Luikart, K.S. McKelvey, and S.A Cushman. 2010. Chapter 9. Landscape Genomics: A Brief Perspective. In: Spatial Complexity, Informatics, and Wildlife Conservation. Springer.
full text PDF (0.101 MB)

Saab, V.A., R.E. Russell, J.G. Dudley. 2009. Nest-site selection by cavity-nesting birds in relation to postfire salvage logging. Forest Ecology and Management 257: 151-159.
full text PDF (0.322 MB)

Francesca Marucco, Daniel H. Pletscher, Luigi Boitani, Michael K. Schwartz, Kristy L. Pilgrim and Jean-Dominique Lebreton 2009. Wolf survival and population trend using non-invasive capture–recapture techniques in the Western Alps. Journal of Applied Ecology. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2009.01696.x
full text PDF (0.270 MB)

Pearson, D.E. and Y.K. Ortega. 2009. Managing invasive plants in natural areas: moving beyond control. Pgs. 1-21 in (ed.) Rudolf V. Kingley, Weeds: Management, Economic Impacts and Biology. Nova Publishers, NY.
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Buckland, S.T., R.E. Russell, B. Dickson, V. Saab, D. Gorman, W. Block. 2009. Analysing designed experiments in distance sampling. Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics 14: 432-442.
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Ortega, Y.K., and D.E. Pearson. 2009. Factors influencing plant invasiveness. RMRS Invasive Species Science Update Newsletter, Issue 3, April.
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Pearson, D.E. 2009. Invasive plant architecture alters trophic interactions by changing predator abundance and behavior. Oecologia (2009) 159:549–558.
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Pope, T. L., W. M. Block, and P. Beier. 2009. Prescribed Fire Effects on Wintering, Bark-Foraging Birds in Northern Arizona. Journal of Wildlife Management 73(5):695–700.
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Dickson, B. G., B. R. Noon, C. H. Flather, s. Jentsch, and W. M. Block 2009. Quantifying the multi-scale response of avifauna to prescribed fire experiments in the southwest United States. Ecological Applications 19(3):608-621.
full text PDF (1.601 MB)

Iniguez, J.M., Swetnam, T.W., and C.H. Baisa. 2009. Spatially and temporally variable fire regime Rincon Peak, Arizona, US. Fire Ecology 5:3-21.
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Pearson, D.E. 2009. Biotic resistance research in Argentina. RMRS Invasive Species Science Update Newsletter, Issue 3, April.
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Forristal, C. 2009. Influence of Postfire Salvage Logging on Black-Backed Woodpecker Nest-Site Selection and Nest Survival. M.S. thesis. Montana State University, Bozeman. 103p
full text PDF (2.236 MB)

Russell, R.E., A. Royle, V. Saab, J. Lehmkuhl, W. Block, and J. Sauer. 2009. Modeling the effects of environmental disturbance on wildlife communities: avian responses to prescribed fire. Ecological Applications, 19(5), 2009, pp. 1253-1263.
full text PDF (0.365 MB)

Russell, R. E., V. Saab, J. Rotella, and J. Dudley. 2009. Detection probabilities of woodpecker nests in mixed conifer forests in Oregon. The Wilson Journal of Ornithology 121(1):82–88.
full text PDF (0.115 MB)

Sabo, K.E., C.H. Sieg, S.C. Hart, and J.D. Bailey. 2009. The role of disturbance severity and canopy closure on standing crop of understory plant species in ponderosa pine stands in northern Arizona, USA. Forest Ecology and Management 257: 1656-1662.
full text PDF (0.392 MB)

Beja-Pereira, Albano Rita Oliveira, Paulo C. Alves, Michael K. Schwartz and Gordon Luikart. 2009. Advancing ecological understandings through technological transformations in noninvasive genetics. Molecular Ecology Resources 9, 1279–1301
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Schwartz, M.K., and J.A. Vucetich. 2009. Molecules and beyond: assessing the distinctness of the Great Lakes wolf. Molecular Ecology 18:2307-2309. Molecular Ecology 18:2307-2309.

Schwartz, M.K., J. P. Copeland, N. J. Anderson, J.R. Squires, R.M. Inman, K.S. Mckelvey, K.L. Pilgrim, L.P. Waits, and S. A. Cushman. 2009. Wolverine gene flow across a narrow climatic niche. Ecology, Vol. 90, No. 11.
full text PDF (3.273 MB)

Chalfoun, A., and T.E. Martin. 2009. Habitat structure mediates predation risk for sedentary prey: experimental tests of alternative hypotheses. Journal of Animal Ecology 58:497-503.

Farber, S., M.K. Schwartz and K.L. Pilgrim. 2009. Cooperative mesocarnivore genetic surveys to estimate the number of individuals and preliminary sub-population trend in northern Siskiyou County, California.

Greenwood, L. 2009. Effects of a biocontrol agent on foraging behavior in the black-capped chickadee Poecile atracapillus and mountain chickadee Poecile gambeli. Final Report for Research Joint Venture Agreement #05-JV-11221643-254, USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. April 13.

Moriarty, K.M., W.J. Zielinski, A.G. Gonzalez, T.E. Dawson, K.M. Boatner, C.A. Wilson, F.V. Schlexer, K.L. Pilgrim, J.P. Copeland, and M.K. Schwartz. 2009. Wolverine confirmation in California after nearly a century: native or long-distance immigrant? Northwestern Science 83(2):154-162.
full text PDF (0.364 MB)

Brinkman, T., M.K. Schwartz, D.K. Person, K.L. Pilgrim, K.J. Huntertmark. 2009. Effects of time and rainfall on PCR success using DNA extracted from deer fecal pellets. Conservation Genetics. DOI 10.1007/s10592-009-9928-7
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Pater, L. L., T. Grubb, and D. Delaney. 2009. Recommendations for Improved Assessment of Noise Impacts on Wildlife. The Journal of Wildlife Management. 73(5) 788-795.
full text PDF (0.212 MB)

Pearson, D.E. 2009. Biological invasions on oceanic islands: implications for island ecosystems and avifauna. . Pages 3-14 in Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Migratory Birds. Seabirds in danger: invasive species and conservation of island ecosystems. Keynote address. Mokpo, Korea, 25 September.
full text PDF (8.140 MB)

Hansen, A. K., Y. K. Ortega, and D. L. Six. 2009. Comparison of ground beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) assemblages in Rocky Mountain savannas invaded and un-invaded by an exotic forb, spotted knapweed. Northwest Science 83(4):348-360.
full text PDF (0.215 MB)

Schwartz, M.K. 2009. Uniting ecological and genetic data for the conservation of wild ibex. Animal Conservation 12:103-104.

Ruggiero, L. 2009. The Value of Opinion in Science and the Forest Service Research Organization. Journal of Wildlife Management 73(5):811–813.
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Zwolak, R. 2009. A meta-analysis of the effects of wildfire, clearcutting, and partial harvest on the abundance of North American small mammals. Forest Ecology and Management 258:539-545.

McKelvey, K.S., S.A. Cushman, M.K. Schwartz, and L. F. Ruggiero. 2009. Wildlife monitoring across multiple spatial scales using grid-based sampling. Pgs. 137-142 in: R. E. McRoberts, G. A. Reams, P. C. Van Deusen, and W. H. McWilliams editors. Eighth annual Forest Inventory and Analysis symposium. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report WO-79. 404 pgs.
full text PDF (0.697 MB)

Crone, E. E., M. Marler, D. E. Pearson. 2009. Non-target effects of broadleaf herbicide on a native perennial forb: a demographic framework for assessing and minimizing impacts. Journal of Applied Ecology 46:673-682.
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Cushman, S.A., K.S. McKelvey, and M.K. Schwartz. 2009. Evaluating habitat connectivity and mapping of corridors between Yellowstone National Park and the Canadian Border with landscape genetics and least cost path analysis. Conservation Biology 23:368-376.

Hayes, C.J., T.E. DeGomez, K.M. Clancy, and J.D. McMillin. 2008. Evaluation of Funnel Traps for Characterizing the Bark Beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) Communities in Ponderosa Pine Forests of Northern Arizona. Journal of Economic Entomology 101: 1253-1265.
full text PDF (0.803 MB)

Ganey, J. L., Telles, A. J. and Ramsey, M. A. 2008. Status and Ecology of Mexican Spotted Owls in the Gila Region, New Mexico. The New Mexico Botanist, Special Issue 1, p34-48.
full text PDF (6.947 MB)

Squires, J.R., N.J. Decesare, J.A. Kolbe, and L.F. Ruggiero. 2008. Hierarchical den selection of Canada lynx in western Montana. Journal of Wildlife Management 72:1497–1506.
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Noon, B. R., K. S. McKelvey, and B. G. Dickson. 2008. Multispecies conservation planning on U. S. federal lands. Pgs. 51-83 in: J. J Millspaugh and F. R. Thompson (editors). Models for Planning Wildlife Conservation in Large Landscapes. Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
full text PDF (0.204 MB)

Dodge, R.S., P.Z. Fule, and C. Hull Sieg. 2008. Dalmation toadflax (Linaria dalmatica) response to wildfire in a southwestern USA forest. Ecoscience 15(2): 213-222.
full text PDF (4.774 MB)

S.R. Hurteau, Sisk, T.D., Block, W.M., Dickson, B.D. 2008. Fuel-Reduction Treatment Effects on Avian Community Structure and Diversity. The Journal of Wildlife Management 2(5)
full text PDF (0.264 MB)

Iniguez, J. M., T.W. Swetnam, S.R. Yool. 2008. Topography affected landscape fire history patterns in southern Arizona, USA. Forest Ecology and Management 256: 295–303.
full text PDF (0.735 MB)

Schwartz M. K. and Monfort S. L. 2008. Genetic and Endocrine Tools for Carnivore Surveys. In: Long RA, MacKay P, Ray JC, Zielinski WJ (eds) Noninvasive survey methods for North American carnivores. Island Press, Washington D.C.
full text PDF (0.656 MB)

Sturdivant, R.X., J.J. Rotella, and R. E. Russell. 2008. A Smoothed Residual Based Goodness-of-Fit Statistic for Nest-Survival Models. Studies in Avian Biology No. 34:45–54.
full text PDF (0.237 MB)

Cushman, S.A., K.S. McKelvey, and M.K. Schwartz. 2008. Case Study 6.1: DNA survey for fisher in Northern Idaho. Pgs. 173-174 in: R.A. Long, P. MacKay, J.C. Ray, and W.J. Zielinski, Editors. Noninvasive Survey Methods for North American Carnivores. Island Press, Washington D.C.
full text PDF (1.553 MB)

Kearns, H.S., W.R. Jacobi, K.S. Burns, and B.W. Geils. 2008. Distribution of Ribes, an alternate host of white pine blister rust, in Colorado and Wyoming. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 135(3): 423–437.
full text PDF (2.125 MB)

Kuenzi, Amanda M., Peter Z. Fule, and Carolyn Hull Sieg. 2008. Effects of fire severity and pre-fire stand treatment on plant community recovery after a large wildfire. Forest Ecology and Management 255: 855-865.
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Reynolds, R. T., R. T. Graham, and D. A. Boyce, Jr. 2008. Northern goshawk habitat: an intersection of science, management, and conservation. Journal of Wildlife Management 72(4)
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Youtz, J. A., R. T. Graham, R. T. Reynolds, and J. Simon. 2008. Implementing Northern Goshawk Habitat Management in Southwestern Forests: A Template for Restoring Fire-Adapted Forest Ecosystems. In: Integrated restoration of forested ecosystems to achieve multiresource benefits: proceedings of the 2007 national silviculture workshop. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-733. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 306 p.
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Pearson, D. E. and R. J. Fletcher, Jr. 2008. Mitigating exotic impacts: restoring native deer mouse populations elevated by an exotic food subsidy. Ecological Applications18 (2):321-334.
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Kendall, K.C. and K.S. McKelvey. 2008. Chapter 6: Hair Collection. Pgs. 135-176 in: R.A. Long, P. MacKay, J.C. Ray, and W.J. Zielinski, Editors. Noninvasive Survey Methods for North American Carnivores. Island Press, Washington D.C.
full text PDF (12.103 MB)

Homyack JA, Vashon JH, Libby C, Lindquist EL, McAlpine DF, Pilgrim KL, and Schwartz MK. 2008. Canada lynx-bobcat (Lynx canadensis x L. rufus) hybrids at the southern periphery of lynx range in Maine, Minnesota and New Brunswick. Am. Midl. Nat. 159:504–508.
full text PDF (0.372 MB)

McKelvey KS, Aubry KB, and Schwartz MK. 2008. The use of anecdotal occurrence data for rare or elusive species: the illusion of reality and a call for evidentiary standards. Bioscience. Vol. 58 No. 6:549-555.
full text PDF (0.549 MB)

Luikart G, Pilgrim K, Visty J, Ezenwa V, and Schwartz MK. 2008. Candidate gene microsatellite variation is associated with parasitism in wild bighorn sheep. Biol. Lett. (2008) 4, 228–231.
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Fowler, J., C. Sieg, B. Dickson, and V. Saab. 2008. Exotic plant species diversity: influence of roads and prescribed fire in Arizona ponderosa pine forests. Range Ecology and Management 61: 284-293.
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Schwartz, M.K. and K.S. McKelvey. 2008. Why sampling scheme matters: the effect of sampling scheme on landscape genetic results. Conservation Genetics 10:441–452.
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Allender, C.J., K.M. Clancy, T.E. DeGomez, J.D. McMillin, S.A. Woolbright, P. Keim, and D.M. Wagner. 2008. Lack of Genetic Differentiation in Aggressive and Secondary Bark Beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) from Arizona. Environmental Entomology 37(3): 817-824.
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Pearson, D. E. and R. M. Callaway. 2008. Weed biocontrol insects reduce native plant recruitment through second-order apparent competition. Ecological Applications, 18(6), pp. 1489–1500.
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Bayard de Volo, S. 2008. Genetic studies of Northern Goshawks (Accipiter gentilis) : genetic tagging and individual identification from feathers, and determining phylogeography, gene flow and population history for Goshawks in North America Ph. D. Thesis: Colorado State University.
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Linkhart1, B.D., E. M. Evers, J. D. Megler, E.C. Palm, C. M. Salipante, and S.W. Yanco. 2008. First Observed Instance of Polygyny in Flammulated Owls. The Wilson Journal of Ornithology 120(3):645-648.
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Frank, K. L., L. S. Kalkstein, B. W. Geils, H. W. Thistle Jr. 2008. Synoptic climatology of the long-distance dispersal of white pine blister rust. II. Combination of surface and upper-level conditions. International Journal of Biometeorology. DOI 10.1007/s00484-008-0158-3.
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Cushman, S.A., K.S. McKelvey, and M.K. Schwartz. 2008. Use of empirically derived source-destination models to map regional conservation corridors. Conservation Biology 23(2):368-376.
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Frank, K. L., L. S. Kalkstein, B. W. Geils, H. W. Thistle Jr. 2008. Synoptic climatology of the long-distance dispersal of white pine blister rust. I. Development of an upper level synoptic classification. International Journal of Biometeorology. DOI 10.1007/s00484-008-0157-4.
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Squires, J.R. 2008. The goshawk – review of a book by Robert Kenward. Condor 110(1):191-193.
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Huebner, D.P., S.D. Olberding, B. Peterson, and D. DeSimone. 2008. A century of meteorological observations at Fort Valley Experimental Forest: a cooperative observer program success story. In: Fort Valley Experimental Forest - a century of research 1908-2008. Conference Proceedings; August 7-9, 2008; Flagstaff, Arizona. Proceedings RMRS-P-53CD. 408 p.
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Lisa-Natalie Anjozian 2008. The Tao of Treating Weeds: Reaching for Restoration in the Northern Rocky Mountains. Joint Fire Science Program Fire Science Brief Issue 18, October 2008.
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Bayard de Volo, S., R.T. Reynolds, M.R. Douglas, M.F. Antolin. 2008. An improved extraction method to increase DNA yield from molted feathers. Condor 110:762-766.
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Steed, B.E., and M.R. Wagner. 2008. Seasonal pheromone response by Ips pini in northern Arizona and western Montana, U.S.A. Agricultural and Forest Entomology 10: 189-203.
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Squires, J.R. 2008. Predicting the effects of forest management on lynx populations. Wild Felid Monitor: Winter 1(1):14.
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Ganey, J.L, R.H. Cassidy, and W.M. Block. 2008. Estimating canopy cover in forest stands used by Mexican spotted owls: do stand-exam routines provide estimates comparable to field-based techniques? US Forest Service Research Paper RMRS-RP-72WWW. 8pp.
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Jentsch, S., R.W. Mannan, B.G. Dickson, and W.M. Block. 2008. Associations among breeding birds and gambel oak in Southwestern ponderosa pine forests. Journal of Wildlife Management 72:994-1000.
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Hutto, R., C.J. Conway, V.A. Saab, and J.R. Walters. 2008. What constitutes a natural fire regime? Insight from the ecology and distribution of coniferous forest birds in North America. Fire Ecology 4:115-132.
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Hurteau, S.R., B.G. Dickson, T.D. Sisk and W.M. Block. 2008. Chapter 10: Avian community responses to forest thinning and prescribed surface fire, alone and in combination. In: van Riper and Sogge, editors. The Colorado Plateau III. University of Arizona Press, Tucson, Arizona. 393 pp.
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Sabo, Kyla E., Stephen C. Hart, Carolyn Hull Sieg, and John Duff Bailey 2008. Tradeoffs in Overstory and Understory Aboveground Net Primary Productivity in Southwestern Ponderosa Pine Stands. Forest Science 54(4): 408-416.
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Courbois, J., S.L. Katz, D.J. Isaak, E.A. Steel, R.F. Thurow, A.M.W. Rub, T. Olsen, and C.E. Jordan. 2008. Evaluating probability sampling strategies for estimating redd counts: an example with Chinook salmon. Canadian Journal of Fisheries Management 65:1814-1830.
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Block, W.M. 2007. Editorial: Is This Truly An International Journal? Journal of Wildlife Management 71:2119.
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McDaniel GW, McKelvey KS. 2007. A Cost-Effective System for measuring microscale habitat use of small mammals with high precision. Wildlife Society Bulletin 34(5).
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Morrison, M.L., and W.M. Block. 2007. Editorial: Out With the Old. Journal of Wildlife Management 71:2447-2448.
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Dudley, J. G. and V. A. Saab. 2007. Home range size of Black-backed Woodpeckers in burned forests of southwestern Idaho. Western North American Naturalist 67(4), 593–600.
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Cushman, S.A., D. McKenzie, D. L. Peterson, J. Littell, and McKelvey, K. S. 2007. Research agenda for integrated landscape modeling. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRSGTR-194. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 51 p.
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Aubry KB, McKelvey KS, Copeland JP. 2007. Distribution and Broad-scale Habitat Relations of the Wolverine in the Contiguous United States. Journal of Wildlife Management 71:2147–2158.
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Block, W.M. 2007. Editorial: Getting it Right. Journal of Wildlife Management 71:1023-1024.
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Block, W.M., and M.L. Morrison. 2007. Editorial: How to be Impactful. Journal of Wildlife Management 71: 1747-1748.
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Olberding, S. D., D. P. Huebner, C. B. Edminster. 2007. Fort Valley Experimental Forest historical photographs. [Online]. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Available: http://www.rmrs.nau.edu/imagedb/bcollection.shtml [2007, January 17].

Squires, J. R., L. F. Ruggiero. 2007. Winter Prey Selection of Canada Lynx in Northwestern Montana. Wildlife Management 71(2):310–315.
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Cushman, S. A., K. S. McKelvey, C. H. Flather, and K. McGarigal. 2007. Do forest community types provide a sufficient basis to evaluate biological diversity? Front Ecol Environ 2008; 6, doi: 10.1890/070039
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Huebner, D. P. and S. R. Hurteau. 2007. An economical wireless cavity-nest viewer. J. Field Ornithol. 78(1):87–92.
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Schwartz, M. K., K. L. Pilgrim, K. S. McKelvey, P. T. Rivera, L. F. Ruggiero. 2007. DNA Markers for Identifying Individual Snowshoe Hares Using field-collected Pellets. Northwest Science, Vol. 81, No.4.
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Salafsky, S. M., R. T. Reynolds, B. R. Noon, and J. A. Wiens. 2007. Reproductive responses of northern goshawks to variable prey populations. Journal Wildlife Management 71: 2274-2283.
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Olberding, S. D., D. P. Huebner, C. B. Edminster. 2007. Sierra Ancha Experimental Forest historical photographs. [Online]. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Available: http://www.rmrs.nau.edu/imagedb/bcollection.shtml [2007, January 17].

Ruggiero, Leonard F. 2007. Scientific independence: a key to credibility. EcoReport 2007(1-4). Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, Colorado. 20pp.
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Kolbe, J. A., and J. R. Squires. 2007. A longevity record for Canada lynx, Lynx canadensis, in western Montana. Western North American Naturalist. 71(5):1607–1611.
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Kolbe, J. A., J. R. Squires. 2007. Circadian activity patterns of Canada lynx in western Montana. Journal of Wildlife Management 71:1607-1611.
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Kolbe, J. A., J. R. Squires, D. H. Pletscher, and L. F. Ruggiero. 2007. The effect of snowmobile trails on coyote movements within lynx home ranges. Journal of Wildlife Management.71(5):1409–1418
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Squires, J.R., and L.F. Ruggiero. 2007. Winter prey selection of canada lynx in northwestern Montana. Journal of Wildlife Management 71:310-315.
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Squires, J.R., J.P. Copeland, T.J. Ulizio, M.K. Schwartz, and L.F. Ruggiero. 2007. Sources and Patterns of Wolverine Mortality in Western Montana. Journal of Wildlife Management 71:2213–2220.
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Russell, R.E., R.K. Swihart, and B.A. Craig. 2007. The Effects of Matrix Structure on Movement Decisions of Meadow Voles (Microtus Pennsylvanicus). Journal of Mammalogy, 88(3):573–579.
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Ganey, J. L.; Vojta, S. C. 2007. Modeling snag dynamics in northern Arizona mixed-conifer and ponderosa pine forests.
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Linkhart, B. D., and R. T. Reynolds. 2007. Return rate, fidelity, and dispersal in a breeding population of flammulated owls (Otus flammeolus). Auk 124.
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Grubb, T. G., D. K. Delaney, W. W. Bowerman. 2007. Investigating Potential Effects of Heli-Skiing on Golden Eagles in the Wasatch Mountains, Utah. Final report to Wasatch-Cache National Forest, Agreement No. 05-JV-11221607-237. Rocky Mountain Research Station, Flagstaff, Arizona. 76 p.

Fowler, J. F., N. L. Stanton, and R. L. Hartman. 2007. Distribution of hanging garden vegetation associations on the Colorado Plateau, USA. Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 1(1): 585-607.
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Saab, V.A.; Block, W.; Russell, R.E.; Lehmkuhl, J.; Bate, L.; and White, R. 2007. Birds and Burns of the Interior West: Descriptions, habitats, and management in western forests. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-712. Portland, OR.
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Copeland, J. P., J.M.. Peek, C. R. Groves, W. E.. Melquist, K. S. Mckelvey, G. W. McDaniel, C. D. Long, C. E. Harris. 2007. Seasonal Habitat Associations of the Wolverine in Central Idaho. The Journal of Wildlife Management 71:2201–2212.
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Compton, B., K. McGarigal, S.A. Cushman and L. Gamble. 2007. A resistant kernel model of connectivity for vernal pool breeding amphibians. Conservation Biology.
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R. Molina, C.H. Flather, R.S. Holthausen, R.L. Johnson, B.G. Marcot, D.H. Olson, J.D. Peine, C.H. Sieg. 2007. A process for selection and implementation of conservation approaches. pp. 334-362 in Raphael, M.G. and Molina, R. Conservation of Rare or Little-Known Species. Island Press, Washington.
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Schwartz MK, Aubry KB, McKelvey KS., Pilgrim KL, Copeland JP, Squires JR, Inman RM, Wisely SM and Ruggiero LF. 2007. Inferring Geographic Isolation of Wolverines in California Using Historical DNA. The Journal of Wildlife Management 71:2170–2179.
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Schwartz MK, Luikart G, and Waples RS. 2007. Genetic monitoring as a promising tool for conservation and management. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 22: 25-33.
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Hoffman, C.M., R.L. Mathiasen, and C.H. Sieg. 2007. Dwarf mistletoe effects on fuel loadings in ponderosa pine forests in northern Arizona. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 37:662-670.
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Flather, C.H. and C.H. Sieg. 2007. Species rarity: Definition, causes, and classification. pp 40-66 in Raphael, M.G. and Molina, R. Conservation of Rare or Little-Known Species. Island Press, Washington.

Marcot, B.G. and C.H. Sieg. 2007. System-level strategies for conserving rare or little-knkown species. pp. 165-186 in Raphael, M.G. and Molina, R. Conservation of Rare or Little-Known Species. Island Press, Washington.

Holthausen, R.S. and C.H. Sieg. 2007. Effectiveness of alternative management strategies in meeting conservation objectives. pp. 187-235 in Raphael, M.G. and Molina, R. Conservation of Rare or Little-Known Species. Island Press, Washington.

Raphael, M.G., R. Molina, C.H. Flather, R.S. Holthausen, R.L. Johnson, B.G. Marcot, D.H. Olson, J.D. Peine, C.H. Sieg, and C.S. Swanson. 2007. A process for selection and implementation of conservation approaches. pp. 334-362 in Raphael, M.G. and Molina, R. Conservation of Rare or Little-Known Species. Island Press, Washington.

Saab, V., R. Russell, and J.G. Dudley. 2007. Nest densities of cavity-nesting birds in relation to postfire salvage logging and time since wildfire. Condor 109: 97-108.
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Schwartz MK. 2007. Ancient DNA confirms native rocky mountain fisher Martes pennanti avoided early 20 th century extinction. Journal of Mammalogy 88:921-925.
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Covert-Bratland, K. A., T. C. Theimer, and W. M. Block. 2007. Hairy woodpecker winter roost characteristics in burned ponderosa pine forest. Wilson Journal of Ornithology. 119.43-52.
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Gonzalez, P., R. P. Neilson, K. S. McKelvey, J. M. Lenihan, R. J. Drapek. 2007. Potential Impacts of Climate Change on Habitat and Conservation Priority Areas for Lynx canadensis (Canada Lynx). Report to: Watershed, Fish, Wildlife, Air, and Rare Plants Staff; National Forest System; Forest Service; U.S. Department of Agriculture; Washington, DC. and: NatureServe, Arlington, VA
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Peterson, D.P., Rieman, B.E., Dunham, J.B., Fausch, K.D., and Young, M.K. 2007. Analyzing tradeoffs between the threat of invasion by brook trout and effects of intentional isolation for native westslope cutthroat trout. Pages 51-57 in Carline, R.F.; LoSapio, C., eds. 2007. Sustaining wild trout in a changing world; proceedings of
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Delaney, D.K., and T.G. Grubb. 2007. Effects of recreational activities on Mexican spotted owls: 2005 results. Report to Fort Huachuca Environmental and Natural Resources Division. U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, Champaign, Illinois. 34 pp.

Hurteau, S.R. 2007. Fire and fire surrogates experimental treatments: influencing bird communities at multiple levels of organization. Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona. Thesis. 101 pp.

Flather, C. H. and C.H. Sieg 2007. Species rarity: Definition, causes, and classification. pp 40-66 in Raphael, M.G. and Molina, R. Conservation of Rare or Little-Known Species. Island Press, Washington.
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Russell, R.E, V.A. Saab, and J. Dudley. 2007. Habitat suitability models for cavity-nesting birds in a postfire landscape. The Journal of Wildlife Management 71(8):2600–2611.
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Jordan, Mark J. , J . Mark Higley, Sean M. Matthews, Olin E. Rhodes, Michael K. Schwartz, Reginald H. Barrett and Per J. Palsbøll. 2007. Development of 22 new microsatellite loci for fishers (Martes pennanti) with variability results from across their range. Molecular Ecology Notes.
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Ruggiero, L. F., K. S. Mckelvey, K. B. Aubry, J. P. Copeland, D. H. Pletscher, M. G. Hornocker. 2007. Wolverine Conservation and Management. The Journal of Wildlife Management 71(7).
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Reynolds, R. T., R. T. Graham, and D.A. Boyce, Jr. 2006. An ecosystem-based conservation strategy for the northern goshawk. Studies in Avian Biology 31: 299-311. Studies in Avian Biology 31: 299-311.
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Becker, T.E., D.G. Smith, and T. Bosakowski. 2006. Habitat, food habits, and productivity of northern goshawks nesting in Connecticut. Studies in Avian Biology 31:119-125.
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Covert-Bratland, K.A., W. M. Block, and T. Theimer. 2006. Hairy woodpecker winter ecology in ponderosa pine forests representing different ages since wildfire. Journal of Wildlife Management 70(5).
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Hargis, C.D., and B. Woodbridge. 2006. A design for monitoring northern goshawks at the bioregional scale. Studies in Avian Biology 31:274-287.
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Boal, C.W., D.E. Andersen, P.L. Kennedy, and A.M. Roberson. 2006. Northern goshawk ecology in the western Great Lakes region. Studies in Avian Biology 31:126-134.
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Keane, J.J., M.L. Morrison, and D.M. Fry. 2006. Prey and weather factors associated with temporal variation in northern goshawk reproduction in the Sierra Nevada, California. Studies in Avian Biology 31:85-99.
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Bosakowski, T., and D.G. Smith. 2006. Ecology of the northern goshawk in the New York-New Jersey highlands. Studies in Avian Biology 31:109-118.
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Converse, S.J., G.C. White, and W. M. Block. 2006. Small mammal responses to thinning and wildfire in ponderosa pine-dominated forests of the southwestern USA. Journal of Wildlife Management 70:1711-1722.
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Bechard, M., G.D. Fairhurst, and G.S. Kaltenecker. 2006. Occupancy, productivity, turnover, and dispersal of northern goshawks in portions of the Northeastern Great Basin. Studies in Avian Biology 31:100-108.
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Gatto, A.E., T.G. Grubb, and C.L. Chambers. 2006. Red-tailed hawk dietary overlap with northern goshawks on the Kaibab Plateau, AZ. Journal of Raptor Research 39(4):439-444.
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Drennan, J. 2006. Northern goshawk food habits and goshawk prey species habitats. Studies in Avian Biology 31: 198-218.
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Doyle, F.I. 2006. Goshawks in Canada: population responses to harvesting and the appropriateness of using standard bird monitoring techniques to assess their status. Studies in Avian Biology 31:135-140.
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DeStefano, S., M.T. McGrath, S.K. Daw, and S.M. Desimone. 2006. Ecology and habitat of breeding northern goshawks in the inland Pacific Northwest: a summary of research in the 1990s. Studies in Avian Biology 31:75-84.
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Reynolds, R. T., J. D. Wiens, and S. R. Salafsky. 2006. A review and evaluation of factors limiting northern goshawk populations. Studies in Avian Biology 31: 260-273.
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Boyce, D.A., R.T. Reynolds, and R.T. Graham. 2006. Goshawk status and management: what do we know, what have we done, where are we going? Studies in Avian Biology 31:312-325.
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Carroll, C., R.L. Rodriguez, C. McCarthy, and K.M. Paulin. 2006. Resource selection function models as tools for regional conservation planning for northern goshawk in Utah. Studies in Avian Biology 31:288-298.
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Noon, B. R. and K. S. McKelvey. 2006. The Process of Indicator Selection. USDA Forest Service Proceedings RMRS-P-42CD :944-951.
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Converse, S.J., W.M. Block, and G.C. White. 2006. Small mammal population and habitat responses to forest thinning and prescribed fire. Forest Ecology and Management 228:263-273.
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Huebner, D.P. 2006. Fort Valley Experimental Forest 30-minute meteorological data: 2003-present. [Online]. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/rm/data_archive/dataaccess/FortValleyEF_30min_meteorology.shtml [2006, October 3].

Sonsthagen, S.A., R.L. Rodriguez, and C.M. White. 2006. Satellite telemetry of northern goshawks breeding in Utah – II. Annual habitats. Studies in Avian Biology 31:252-259.
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William J. Zielinski, Fredrick V. Schlexer, Kristine L. Pilgrim and Michael K. Schwartz 2006. The Efficacy of Wire and Glue Hair Snares in Identifying Mesocarnivores. The Wildlife Society Bulletin 34(4):1152-1161.
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Todd J. Ulizio, John R. Squires, Daniel H. Pletscher, Michael K. Schwartz, James J. Claar, and Leonard F. Ruggiero. 2006. The Efficacy of Obtaining Genetic-Based Identifications from Putative Wolverine Snow Tracks. Wildlife Society Bulletin 34:1326-1334.
full text PDF (0.134 MB)

Michael K. Schwartz, Samuel A. Cushman, Kevin S. McKelvey, Jim Hayden, and Cory Engkjer. 2006. Detecting genotyping errors and describing American black bear movement in northern Idaho. Ursus 17(2):138–148.
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Biek R, Akaime N, Schwartz MK, Ruth TK, Murphy KM, and Poss M. 2006. Female philopatry leads to stable genetic population structure in wide-ranging Yellowstone cougars (Felis concolor). Biology Letters 2: 312-315.

Kristine L. Pilgrim, William J. Zielinski, Mary J. Mazurek, Fredrick V. Schlexer and Michael K. Schwartz 2006. Development and characterization of microsatellite markers in the Point Arena mountain beaver Aplodontia rufa nigra. Molecular Ecology Notes (2006).
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McKelvey, Kevin S., von Kienast, Jeffrey, Aubry, Keith B., Koehler, Gary M.; Maletzke, Bejamin T., Squires, John R., Lindquist, Edward L., Loch, Steve, Schwartz, Michael K. 2006. DNA Analysis of Hair and Scat Collected Along Snow Tracks to Document the Presence of Canada Lynx. Wildlife Society Bulletin, Vol. 34(2): 451-455
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Samuel A. Cushman, Kevin S. McKelvey, Jim Hayden, and Michael K. Schwartz. 2006. Gene Flow in Complex Landscapes: Testing Multiple Hypotheses with Causal Modeling. Am. Nat. 2006. Vol. 168, pp. 486–499.
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Roman Biek, Naomi Akamine, Michael K. Schwartz, Toni K. Ruth, Kerry M. Murphy and Mary Poss. 2006. Genetic consequences of sex-biased dispersal in a solitary carnivore: Yellowstone cougars. Biol. Lett. (2006) 2, 312–315.
full text PDF (0.101 MB)

Underwood, J., C.M. White, and R.L. Rodriguez. 2006. Winter movement and habitat use of northern goshawks breeding in Utah. Studies in Avian Biology 31:228-238.
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Tornberg, R., E. Korpimäki, and P. Byholm. 2006. Ecology of the northern goshawk in Fennoscandia. Studies in Avian Biology 31:141-157.
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Squires, J.R, and P.L. Kennedy. 2006. Northern goshawk ecology: an assessment of current knowledge and information needs for conservation and management. Studies in Avian Biology 31:8-62.
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Sonsthagen, S.A., R.L. Rodriguez, and C.M. White. 2006. Satellite telemetry of northern goshawks breeding in Utah – I. Annual movements. Studies in Avian Biology 31:239-251.
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Tewksbury, J.J., L. Garner, S. Garner, J.D. Lloyd, V. Saab, and T. E. Martin. 2006. Tests of landscape influence: nest predation and brood parasitism in fragmented ecosystems. Ecology 87:759–768.
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Kenward, R.E. 2006. Putting studies of North American goshawks in context. Studies in Avian Biology 31:1-4.
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Rutz, C., R.G. Bulsma, M. Marquiss, and R.E. Kenward. 2006. Population limitation in the northern goshawk in Europe: a review with case studies. Studies in Avian Biology 31:158-197.
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Rogers, A.S., S. DeStefano, and M.F. Ingraldi. 2006. Diet, prey delivery rates, and prey biomass of northern goshawks in east-central Arizona. Studies in Avian Biology 31:219-227.
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Reynolds, R.T. and S.M. Joy. 2006. Demography of northern goshawks in northern Arizona 1991-1996. Studies in Avian Biology 31:63-74.
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Parmentier, K. 2006. A study of bald eagles within the Great Lakes region: contaminants trends and determining sex of nestlings. Clemson University. Thesis.

Squires, J. R., L. F. Ruggiero, J. A. Kolbe, N. J. DeCesare. 2006. Lynx ecology in the intermountain West. USFS Rocky Mountain Research Station, Missoula, MT, 51pp.
full text PDF (7.406 MB)

Wiens, J. D., B.R. Noon, and R. T. Reynolds. 2006. Postfledgling survival of northern goshawks: the effects of prey abundance, weather, and dispersal. Ecological Applications 16: 406-418.
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Wiens, J. D., R. T. Reynolds, and B.R. Noon. 2006. Juvenile movement and natal dispersal of northern goshawks in Arizona. Condor 108: 253-269
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Sturdevant, N., S. Kegley, Y. K. Ortega, and D. E. Pearson. 2006. Evaluation of establishment of Cyphocleonus achates and its potential impact on spotted knapweed. USDA FS FHP General Technical Report 06-08:1-9.
full text PDF (0.136 MB)

Shick, K. R., D. E. Pearson, and L. F. Ruggiero. 2006. Forest habitat associations of the golden-mantled ground squirrel: implications for fuels management. Norwest Science 80:133-139.
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Pearson, D. E. and R. M. Callaway. 2006. Biological control agents elevate hantavirus by subsidizing mice. Ecology Letters 9:442-449.
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Morrison, M.L. 2006. Toward a better understanding of the northern goshawk. Studies in Avian Biology 31:5-7.
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Linkhart, B. D., and R. T. Reynolds. 2006. Lifetime reproduction of flammulated owls in Colorado. Journal of Raptor Research 40:29-37.

Ortega Y. K., K. S. McKelvey, D. L. Six 2006. Invasion of an exotic forb impacts reproductive success and site fidelity of a migratory songbird. Oecologia 149: 340-351.
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Russell, R.E., V. A. Saab, J. Dudley, and J. J. Rotella. 2006. Snag longevity in relation to wildfire and postfire salvage logging. Forest Ecology and Management. 232: 179-187.
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Ortega, Y.K. 2006. Impacts of invasive plants on songbirds: using song structure as an indicator of habitat quality. BEMRP EcoReport. Fall.
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Cushman, S.A. and K. McGarigal. 2006. Multi-variate landscape trajectory analysis: An example using simulation modeling of American marten habitat change under three disturbance regimes. In J. A.: Bissonette, J. A., and I. Storch. Temporal Explicitness in Landscape Ecology: Wildlife Responses to Changes in Time. Springer, New York, New York.

Dickson, B. G., J.W. Prather, Y. Xu, H. M. Hampton, E. N. Aumack, and T. D. Sisk. 2006. Mapping the probability of large fire occurrence in northern Arizona, USA. Landscape Ecology (2006) 21:747–761.
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Block, W.M., and M.L. Morrison. 2006. Editorial: Welcome to the New Journal of Wildlife Management. Journal of Wildlife Management 71:1-3.
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Ray S. Vinkey, Michael K. Schwartz, Kevin S. Mckelvey, Kerry R. Foresman, Kristine L. Pilgrim, Brian J. Giddings, and Eric C. Loth. 2006. When Reintroductions are Augmentations: The Genetic Legacy of Fishers. (Martes Pennanti) in Montana. Journal of Mammalogy, 87(2):265–271.
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Dickson, B.G. 2006. Multi-scale response of avian communities to prescribed fire: implications for fuels management and restoration treatments in southwestern ponderosa pine forests. Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado. Dissertation. 116 pp.

Block, W.M., and M.L. Morrison. 2006. Editorial: Tread Lightly or Carry a Big Stick? Journal of Wildlife Management 71:301-302.
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Lopez, R.G. 2006. Genetic structuring of Coues white-tailed deer in the southwestern United States. Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ. Thesis.
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Morrison, M.L., and W.M. Block. 2006. Editorial: By the Time You Read This... Journal of Wildlife Management 71:681-683.
full text PDF (0.072 MB)

Pope, T. L. 2006. Effects of prescribed fire on wintering, bark-foraging birds in northern Arizona. Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona. Thesis. 70 pp.
full text PDF (0.480 MB)

Sieg, C. H., J.D. McMillan, J.F. Fowler, K.K. Allen, J.F. Negron, L.L. Wadleigh, J.A. Anhold, and K.E. Gibson. 2006. Best predictors for postfire mortality of ponderosa pine trees in the Intermountain West. Forest Science 52:718-728.
full text PDF (0.418 MB)

Wiens, J.D., B.R. Noon, and R.T. Reynolds. 2006. Post-fledging survival of northern goshawks: the effects of prey abundance, weather, and dispersal. Ecological Applications 16:406-418.
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Cushman, S.A. 2006. Implications of habitat loss and fragmentation for the conservation of pond breeding amphibians: A review and prospectus. Biological Conservation 128: 231-240.

Iñiguez, J.M. 2006. Landscape fire history and age structure patterns in the sky islands of southeastern Arizona. University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ. Dissertation.
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Biek, R., N. Akamine, M.K. Schwartz, T.K. Ruth, K.M. Murphy, and M. Poss. 2006. Long-term genetic effects of sex-biased dispersal in a solitary carnivore: Yellowstone cougars. Biology Letters 2: 312-315.
full text PDF (0.102 MB)

Saab, V., L. Bate, J. Lehmkuhl, B. Dickson, S. Story, S. Jentsch, and W. Block. 2006. Changes in downed wood and forest structure after prescribed fire in ponderosa pine forests. pages 477- 487 In: Andrews, P.L.; Butler, Bret W., comps. Fuels Management - How to Measure Success: Conference Proceedings. 2006 28-30 March; Portland, OR. Proceedings RMRS-P-41. Fort Collins, CO: USDA, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Severson, K. E. and C. H. Sieg. 2006. Historical Ecology of Eastern North Dakota. Institute for Regional Studies, Fargo, ND. 298 pp.

Arizona Invasive Species Advisory Council. 2006. Arizona's Invasive Species-Unwanted Plants and Animals. A Report to the Governor. June 30, 2006. 47 pp.

Converse, S.J. 2005. Small mammal responses to forest restoration and fuels reduction. Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO. 231 p. Dissertation.
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Neary, D. G., Ryan, K. C., and DeBano, L. F., eds. 2005. Wildland fire in ecosystems: effects of fire on soils and water. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-42-vol.4. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 250 p.
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Ganey, J. L. and W. M. Block. 2005. Winter Movements and Range Use of Radio-marked Mexican Spotted Owls: An Evaluation of Current Management Recommendations. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-148-WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 9 p.
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Bowerman, W. W., Grubb, T. G., Bath, A. J., Giesy, J. P., Weseloh, D.V. Chip. 2005. A survey of potential bald eagle nesting habitat along the Great Lakes shoreline. Res. Pap. RMRS-RP-56WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 6 p.
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Mills, L. S., P. C. Griffin, K. E. Hodges, K. Mckelvey, L. Ruggiero, T. Ulizio. 2005. Pellet count indices compared to mark–recapture estimates for evaluating snowshoe hare density. Journal of Wildlife Management 69:1053–1062.
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Wiens J. D. and R.T. Reynolds. 2005. Is Fledging Success a Reliable Index of Fitness in Northern Goshawks? J. Raptor Res. 39(3):210–221
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Grubb, T. G. 2005. Case study - evolving research into effects of recreational activity on wildlife. Pp. 31-32 in Proceedings: the challenge of providing recreation opportunities while protecting ecosystems. Joint USDA Forest Service Southwestern Region/Urban National For Pp. 31-32 in Proceedings: the challenge of providing recreation opportunities while protecting ecosystems. Joint USDA Forest Service Southwestern Region/Urban National Forest Coalition Workshop. Tempe, AZ.
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Newlon, K. R. 2005. Demography of Lewis's Woodpecker, Breeding Bird Densities, and Riparian Aspen Integrity in a Grazed Landscape. M.S. Thesis. Montana State University, Bozeman. 101 p.
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Ganey, J. L. and S. C. Vojta 2005. Changes in Snag Populations in Northern Arizona Mixed-Conifer and Ponderosa Pine Forests, 1997–2002. Forest Science 51(5):396-405.
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Bayard De Volo, S., R. T. Reynolds, J. R. Topinka, B. May, M. F. Antolin. 2005. Population Genetics and Genotyping for Mark-Recapture Studies of Northern Goshawks (Accipiter Gentilis) on the Kaibab Plateau, Arizona. J. Raptor Res. 39(3):286–295.
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McKelvey KS and Schwartz MK. 2005. DROPOUT: a program to identify problem loci and samples for noninvasive genetic sampling in a capture-mark-recapture framework. Molecular Ecology Notes 5: 716-718.
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Holthausen, R. Czaplewski RL, DeLorenzo D, Hayward G, Kessler WB, Manley P, McKelvey KS, Powell DS, Ruggiero LF, Schwartz MK, Van Horne B, and Vojta CD. 2005. Strategies for Monitoring Terrestrial Animals and Habitats. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-161. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 34p.
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Schwartz MK. 2005. Guidelines on the use of molecular genetics in reintroduction programs. European Union LIFE Nature Program, Caraminico, Italy
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K. L. Pilgrim, K . S. McKelvey, A . E. Riddle And M. K. Schwartz. 2005. Felid sex identification based on noninvasive genetic samples. Molecular Ecology Notes. 5, 60–61.
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Michael K. Schwartz, Katherine Ralls, Dan F. Williams, Brian L. Cypher, Kristine L. Pilgrim and Robert C. Fleischer. 2005. Gene flow among San Joaquin kit fox populations in a severely changed ecosystem. Conservation Genetics 6: 25–37.
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Poff, B., Leao, D., Tecle, A., and D. G. Neary. 2005. Determining Watershed Boundaries and Area using GPS, DEMs and Traditional Methods: A Comparison. pp. 421-430 in Charles van RiperIII and David Mattson (eds.) The Colorado Plateau II: Biophysical, Socioeconomic, and Cultural Research. University of Arizona Press, Tempe, AZ.
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Saab, V. A., and H. Powell (eds.). 2005. Fire and avian ecology in North America. Studies in Avian Biology No. 30.
11 chapters, see Abstracts.

Michael K. Schwartz L. Scott Mills. 2005. Gene flow after inbreeding leads to higher survival in deer mice. Biological Conservation 123 413–420.
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S. S. Loew, D. F. Williams, K. Ralls, K. Pilgrim and R. C. Fleischer. 2005. Population structure and genetic variation in the endangered Giant Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys ingens). Conservation Genetics 6(4) 485-654.
full text PDF (0.351 MB)

Ganey, J.L., and S.C. Vojta. 2005. Changes in snag populations in northern Arizona mixed-conifer and ponderosa pine forests, 1997-2002. Forest Science 51:396-405.
full text PDF (0.274 MB)

Reynolds, R. T., J. D. Wiens, S. M. Joy, And S. R. Salafsky. 2005. Sampling Considerations for Demographic and Habitat Studies of Northern Goshawks. J. Raptor Res. 39(3):274–285.
full text PDF (0.515 MB)

Ganey, J. L. and W. M. Block. 2005. Dietary Overlap Between Sympatric Mexican Spotted and Great Horned Owls in Arizona. Research Paper RMRS-RP-57WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Departmemt of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 9 p.
full text PDF (0.546 MB)

Jenness, J., and J.J. Wynne. 2005. Cohen’s Kappa and classification table metrics 2.0: an ArcView 3x extension for accuracy assessment of spatially-explicit models. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report OF 2005-1363. U.S. Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Flagstaff, AZ.
full text PDF (6.385 MB)

Jentsch, S.A. 2005. Associations among breeding birds and characteristics of gambel oak in ponderosa pine forests. University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ. 59 p. Thesis.
full text PDF (5.198 MB)

Salafsky, S. R., R. T. Reynolds, and B. R. Noon. 2005. Patterns of temporal variation in goshawk reproduction and prey resources. J. Raptor Res. 39(3):237–246
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Bock, C.E., and W. M. Block. 2005. Fire and birds in the southwestern United States. Studies in Avian Biology 30:14-32.
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Block, W. M., J. L. Ganey, P. E. Scott, R. King. 2005. Prey Ecology of Mexican Spotted Owls in Pine-Oak Forests of Northern Arizona. Journal of Wildlife Management. 69(2):618-629.
full text PDF (0.148 MB)

Rich, T.D., M.J. Wisdom, and V. A. Saab. 2005. Conservation of priority birds in sagebrush ecosystems. pages 589 - 606 in Proceedings of the Third International Partners in Flight Conference, March 20-24, 2002, Asilomar Conference Grounds, California. USDA Forest Service Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-191.
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Vickery, P.D., B. Zuckerberg, A.L. Jones, W.G. Shriver, and A.P. Weik. 2005. Influence of fire and other anthropogenic practices on grassland and shrubland birds in New England. Studies in Avian Biology 30:139-146.
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Ganey, J. L., W. M. Block, J. P. Ward, Jr., and B. E. Strohmeyer. 2005. Home Range, Habitat Use, Survival, and Fecundity of Mexican Spotted Owls in the Sacramento Mountains, New Mexico. The Southwestern Naturalist 50(3):323-333.
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Bock, C.E., and W. M. Block. 2005. Response of birds to fire in the American Southwest. Pp. 1093-1099 in C.J. Ralph and T.D. Rich (editors). Bird conservation implementation and integration in the Americas: proceedings of the third international Partners in Flight Conference. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, General Technical Report PSW-GTR-191, Albany, CA.
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Cushman, S.A., M. Chase, and C. Griffin. 2005. Elephants in space and time. Oikos 109: 331-341.
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Engstrom, R.T., P.D. Vickery, D.W. Perkins, and W.G. Shriver. 2005. Effects of fire regime on birds in southeastern pine savannas and native prairies. Studies in Avian Biology 30:147-160.
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Hannon, S.J., and P. Drapeau. 2005. Bird responses to burning and logging in the boreal forest of Canada. Studies in Avian Biology 30:97-115.
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Huff, MH., N.E. Seavy, J.D. Alexander, and C.J. Ralph. 2005. Fire and birds in maritime Pacific Northwest. Studies in Avian Biology 30:46-62.
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Knick, S.T., A.L. Holmes, and R.F. Miller. 2005. The role of fire in structuring sagebrush habitats and bird communities. Studies in Avian Biology 30:63-75.
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Purcell, K.L., and S.L. Stephens. 2005. Changing fire regimes and the avifauna of California oak woodlands. Studies in Avian Biology 30:33-45.
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Dudley, J. G. 2005. Home range size and foraging habitat of Black-backed Woodpeckers. M.S. thesis. Boise State University, Idaho. 76 p.
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Saab, V. A. and H.D.W. Powell. 2005. Fire and Avian Ecology in North America: Process influencing pattern. Studies in Avian Biology 30: 1-13.
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Reinking, D.L. 2005. Fire regimes and avian responses in the central tallgrass prairie. Studies in Avian Biology 30:116-126.
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Saab, V. A., H.D.W. Powell, N.B. Kotliar, and K.R. Newlon. 2005. Variation in fire regimes of the Rocky Mountains: implications for avian communities and fire management. Studies in Avian Biology 30: 76-96.
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Reynolds, R.T., J.D. Wiens, S.M. Joy, and S.R. Salafsky. 2005. Sampling considerations for demographic and habitat studies of northern goshawks. Journal Raptor Research 39:274-285.
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Artman, V.L., T.F. Hutchinson, and J.D. Brawn. 2005. Fire ecology and bird populations in eastern deciduous forests. Studies in Avian Biology 30:127-138.
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Iníguez, J.M., J.L. Ganey, P.J. Dougherty, and J.D. Bailey. 2005. Using cluster analysis and a classification and regression tree model to identify cover types in the sky islands of southeastern Arizona. Pp.195-200 in: Gottfried, G.J.; B.S. Gebow, L.G. Eskew, and C.B. Edminster, compilers. Connecting mountain islands and desert seas: biodiversity and management of the Madrean Archipelago II. Proceedings RMRS-P-36. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Fort Collins, CO.
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DeCesare, N. J., J. R. Squires, and J. A. Kolbe. 2005. Effect of forest canopy on GPS-based movement data. Wildlife Society Bulletin 33:935-941.
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Pearson, D. E., and R. M. Callaway. 2005. Indirect nontarget effects of host-specific biological control agents: implications for biological control. Biological Control 35:288-298.
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Ortega, Y. K., and D. E. Pearson. 2005. Weak vs. Strong Invaders of Natural Plant Communities: Assessing Invasibility and Impact. Ecological Applications 15:651-661.
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Pearson, D. E. 2005. Biological control is more than just natural enemies. Review of Natural Enemies: an Introduction to Biological Control. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 20: 10-11.
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Saab, V. A., N.B. Kotliar, and W. M. Block. 2005. Relationships of fire ecology and avian communities in North America. pages 1083-1085 in Proceedings of the Third International Partners in Flight Conference, March 20-24, 2002. Ralph, C.J., Rich, T., and Long, L. (editors). USDA Forest Service Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-191.
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Squires, J. R. and R. Oakleaf. 2005. Movements of a male Canada lynx crossing the Greater Yellowstone Area, including highways. Northwest Science 79:196-201.
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McGarigal, K. and S.A. Cushman. 2005. The gradient concept of landscape structure. Pgs. 112-119. in J.Wiens and M. Moss eds., Issues and Perspectives in Landscape Ecology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Jenness, J. S. 2004. Calculating landscape surface area from digital elevation models. Wildlife Society Bulletin 2004, 32(3):829-839.
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Wienk, C. L., C. H. Sieg, and G. R. McPherson. 2004. Evaluating the role of cutting treatments, fire, and soil seed banks in an experimental framework in ponderosa pine forests of the Black Hills, South Dakota. Forest Ecology and Management 192: 373-393.
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Michael K. Schwartz, Kristine L. Pilgrim, Kevin S. McKelvey, Edward L. Lindquist, James J. Claar, Steve Loch and Leonard F. Ruggiero. 2004. Hybridization between Canada lynx and bobcats: Genetic results and management implications. Conservation Genetics 5: 349–355.
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Jenness, J. S., P. Beier, and J. L. Ganey. 2004. Associations between Forest Fire and Mexican Spotted Owls. Forest Science, Volume 50, No. 6.
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Fowler, J. F. and C. H. Sieg. 2004. Post-fire mortality of ponderosa pine and Douglas-fir: A review of methods to predict tree death. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report RM-GTR-132. Fort Collins, CO.
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Saab, V. A., J. G. Dudley, and W. L. Thompson. 2004. Factors influencing occupancy of nest cavities in recently burned forests. Condor 106:20-36.
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Ganey, J. L., and S. C. Voita. 2004. Characteristics of snags containing excavated cavities in northern Arizona mixed-conifer and ponderosa pine forests. Forest Ecology and Management 199 (2004) 323–332.
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Ganey, J. L. 2004. Thermal Regimes of Mexican Spotted Owl Nest Stands. The Southwestern Naturalist 49(4):478-486.
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Neil J. Gemmell, Michael K. Schwartz, and Bruce C. Robertson. 2004. Moa were many. Proc Biol Sci. 2004 Dec 7;271 Suppl 6:S430-2.
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Wiens, J. D. 2004. Post-fledging Survival and Natal Dispersal of Northern Goshawks in Arizona. M.S. Thesis, Colorado State University. Fort Collins, CO.
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Reynolds, R. T., G. C. White, S. M. Joy, R. W. Mannan. 2004. Effects of Radiotransmitters on Northern Goshawks: Do Tailmounts Lower Survival Of Breeding Males? Journal Of Wildlife Management 68(1):25–32.
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Russell, R. E. , J.E. Moore, M.S. Miller, T.M. Sutton, and S.M. Knapp. 2004. Selecting surrogate species for ecological assessments in land-use planning: a case study in the Upper Wabash river basin. In: R.K. Swihart and J. E. Moore (editors). Conserving biodiversity in agricultural landscapes: model-based planning tools for systems with sharp edges. Purdue University Press.
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Pearson, D. E. and R. M. Callaway. 2004. Response to Thomas et al.: biocontrol and indirect effects. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 19:62-63.
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Cushman, S.A. and K. McGarigal. 2004. Patterns in the species-environment relationship depend on both scale and choice of response variables. Oikos 105: 117-124.

Grand, J., Buonaccorsi, S.A. Cushman, M. Mello, and C.R. Griffin. 2004. A Multiscale Landscape Approach to Predicting Bird and Moth Rarity Hotspots in a Threatened Pitch Pine-Scrub Oak Community. Conservation Biology 18 (4), 1063–1077.

Delaney, D. K., and T. G. Grubb. 2004. Sound recordings of road maintenance equipment on the Lincoln National Forest, NM. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Research Paper RMRS-RP-49.
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La Sorte, F. A., R.W. Mannan, R. T. Reynolds, and T. G. Grubb. 2004. Habitat associations of sympatric red-tailed hawks and northern goshawks on the Kaibab Plateau. Journal Wildlife Management 68:207-318.
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Converse, S.J., B.G. Dickson, G.C. White, and W. M. Block. 2004. Estimating small mammal abundance on fuel treatment units in southwestern ponderosa pine forests. Pp. 113-120 in C. van Riper III and K.L. Cole (editors). The Colorado Plateau: cultural, biological and physical research. University of Arizona Press, Tucson, AZ.
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Dickson, B.G., W. M. Block, and T.D. Sisk. 2004. Conceptual framework for studying the effects of fuels treatments on avian communities in ponderosa pine forests of northern Arizona. Pp. 193-200 in C. van Riper III and K.L. Cole (editors). The Colorado Plateau: cultural, biological and physical research. University of Arizona Press, Tucson, AZ.
full text PDF (0.566 MB)

Squires JR, McKelvey KS, Ruggiero LF. 2004. A snow-tracking protocol used to delineate local lynx, Lynx canadensis, distributions. Canadian Field-Naturalist 118: 583-589.
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McKelvey, K. S. and M. K. Schwartz. 2004. Genetic Errors Associated with Population Estimation Using Non-Invasive Molecular Tagging: Problems and New Solutions. J. Wildl. Manage. 68(3):439–448.
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Long, J. W., Burnette, B. M., Medina, A. L. and J. L. Parker. 2004. Restoration of Soldier Spring: an isolated habitat for native Apache trout. In Proceedings of the 16th Annual Conference of the Sociey for Ecological Restoration (CD-ROM), august 24-26, 2004, Victoria, British Columbia.
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Cushman, S.A. and K. McGarigal. 2004. Hierarchical analysis of forest bird species-environment relationships in the Oregon Coast Range. Ecological Applications. 14(4): 1090-1105.
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Lundquist, J.E., and J.P. Ward, Jr. 2004. Impact of diseases and other disturbances on non-timber forest resources: a case study involving small mammals. Pp. 105-112 in J.E. Lundquist and R.C. Hamelin (editors). From Molecules to Ecosystems – forest pathology in the era of genes and landscapes. APS Press, St. Paul, MN.
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Moore, J.E., and R. E. Russell. 2004. Considerations for measuring behavioral responses to habitat edges and dispersal ability through fragmented landscapes. In: R.K. Swihart and J. E. Moore (editors). Conserving biodiversity in agricultural landscapes: model-based planning tools for systems with sharp edges. Purdue University Press.
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Miller, M.S., and R. E. Russell. 2004. Sharp edges, matrix permeability, and individual behavior: considerations for improving estimates of landscape connectivity. In: R.K. Swihart and J. E. Moore (editors). Conserving biodiversity in agricultural landscapes: model-based planning tools for systems with sharp edges. Purdue University Press.
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Neel, M.C., S.A. Cushman, and K. McGarigal. 2004. Behavior and stability of landscape metrics across controlled gradients of landscape structure. Landscape Ecology. 19:534-455.

Reich, R.M., S.M. Joy, and R. T. Reynolds. 2004. Predicting the location of northern goshawk nests: modeling the spatial dependency between nest locations and forest structure. Ecological Modelling 176: 109-133.
full text PDF (1.282 MB)

Abele, S. C., V. A. Saab, and O. Garton. 2004. Lewis’s woodpecker: species assessment for the Rocky Mountain Region. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Region, Lakewood, CO.
full text PDF (0.963 MB)

Abele, S. C., V. A. Saab, and E.O. Garton. 2004. Lewis's Woodpecker (Melanerpes lewis): A technical conservation assessment. [Online]. USDA, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Region. Available:
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Salafsky, S. R. 2004. Covariation between prey abundance and northern goshawk fecundity on the Kaibab Plateau, Arizona. Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO. Thesis.
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Pearson, K. M., K. A. Covert and L.A. Compton. 2004. Dispersal of Piñon Pine (Pinus edulis) Seeds: effects of substrate type. Eds. C.Van riper III and K. L. Cole in The Colorado Plateau: Cultural, Biological, and Physical Research. University of Arizona Press, Tucson, AZ. Pp 95-101.
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Ganey, J. L., G.C. White, D.C. Bowden, and A.B. Franklin. 2004. Evaluating methods for monitoring populations of Mexican spotted owls: a case study. Pp. 337-385 in W. L. Thompson (editor). Sampling rare and elusive species: concepts, designs, and techniques for estimating population parameters. Island Press. Washington, DC.
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Paul L. Leberg, Michael R. Carloss, Larry J. Dugas, Kristine L. Pilgrim, L. Scott Mills, M. Clay Green, and Daniel Scognamillo. 2004. Recent Record of a Cougar (Puma concolor) in Louisiana, with Notes on Diet, Based on Analysis of Fecal Materials. Southeastern Naturalist 3(4):653-658.
full text PDF (0.141 MB)

May, C.A., M.L. Petersburg, and R.J. Gutiérrez. 2004. Mexican spotted owl nest- and roost-site habitat in northern Arizona. Journal of Wildlife Management 68:1054-1064.
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Poff, B., Assefa, D. S., and A. Tecle. 2004. Spatial evaluation of precipitation in two large watersheds in North-Central Arizona. Hydrology and Water Resources in Arizona and the Southwest. Vol. 34.
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Reich, R.M., S.M. Joy, and R.T. Reynolds. 2004. Predicting the location of goshawk nests: modeling the spatial dependency between nest locations and forest structure. Ecological Modelling 176:109-133.
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McKelvey KS and Schwartz MK. 2004. Providing reliable and accurate genetic capture–mark–recapture estimates in a cost-effective way. Journal of Wildlife Management 68(3): 453-456.
full text PDF (0.129 MB)

Inman RM, Wigglesworth RR, Inman KH, Schwartz MK, Brock BL, and Rieck JD. 2004. Wolverine makes extensive movements in the greater Yellowstone ecosystem. Northwest Science 78: 261-266.
full text PDF (0.287 MB)

Kolbe, J. A., and J.R. Squires. 2004. Long distance movement by a coyote within the Rocky Mountains. Northwest Science 78(4):344-345.
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Poff, B., and A. Tecle. 2004. Multi-objective analysis of the proposed rerouting of the Rio de Flag in Flagstaff, AZ. In: Charles van Riper III and Kenneth L. Cole (eds.) The Colorado Plateau: Cultural, Biological and Physical Research. University of Arizona Press. Tucson, AZ. pp. 245-256.
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Ortega Y. K., D. E. Pearson, and K. S. McKelvey. 2004. Effects of biological control agents and exotic plant invasion on deer mouse populations. Ecological Applications 14: 241-253.
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Ellis, D.H., C.H. Ellis, B.A. Sabo, A.M. Rea, J. Dawson, J.K. Fackler, C.T. Larue, T. G. Grubb, J. Schmitt, D.G. Smith, and M. Kery. 2004. Summer diet of the peregrine falcon in faunistically rich and poor zones of Arizona analyzed with capture-recapture modeling. The Condor 106:873-886.
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Medina, A. L., and J. W. Long. 2004. Placing riffle formations to restore stream functions in a wet meadow. June 2004.Ecological Restoration 22:120-125. Please note that the article is under © copyright by 2004 by the Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin.
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Long, J. W., Burnette, B. M. and A. L. Medina 2004. Effects of wildfires on riparian restoration sites. In Proceedings of the 16th Annual Conference of the Society for Ecological Restoration (CD-ROM), August 24-26, 2004, Victoria, British Columbia.
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Steed, B.E., and M.R. Wagner. 2004. Importance of log size on host selection and reproductive success on Ips pini (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in ponderosa pine slash of northern Arizona and western Montana. Forest Entomology 97(2): 436-450.

Long, J. W., Burnette, B. M., and A. L. Medina. 2004. Restoring wetlands after the Rodeo-Chediski Wildfire. In Proceedings of the 16th Annual Conference of the Society for Ecological Restoration (CD-ROM, August 24-26, 2004, Victoria, British Columbia.
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Ganey, J. L., W. M. Block and S.H. Ackers. 2003. Structural Characteristics of Forest Stands Within Home Ranges of Mexican Spotted Owls in Arizona and New Mexico. Western Journal of Applied Forestry, Vol. 18, No. 3, July 2003.
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Covert, K. A. 2003. Hairy Woodpecker Winter Ecology Following Wildfire: Effects of Burn Severity and Age. Northern Arizona University. M.S. Thesis. 87 p.
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Malusa, J., S. T. Overby, and R. A. Parnell. 2003. Potential for travertine formation: Fossil Creek, Arizona. Applied Geochemistry 18:1081-1093.
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Bowden, D. C., G. C. White, A. B. Franklin, and J. L. Ganey. 2003. Estimating population size with correlated sampling unit estimates. Journal of Wildlife Management 67:1-10.
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Classen, A.T., S.I. Boyle, K. Haskins, S. Overby, and S.C. Hart. 2003. Community-level physiological profiles of bacteria and fungi: plate type and incubation temperature influences on contrasting soils. FEMS Microbial Ecology 44:319-328.
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Kolbe, J. A., J.R. Squires, and T. W. Parker. 2003. An effective box trap for capturing lynx. Wildlife Society Bulletin 31:980-985.
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Grubb, T. G., W. M. Bowerman, A. J. Bath, J. P. Giesy, D. V. Weseloh. 2003. Evaluating Great Lakes Bald Eagle Nesting Habitat With Bayesian Inference. USDA, Rocky Mountain Research Research Station, General Technical Report, RMRS-RP-45 14 p.
full text PDF (0.484 MB)

Flather, C. H., T. H. Ricketts, C. H. Sieg, M. S. Knowles, J. P. Fay, and J. McNees. 2003. Criterion 1: Conservation of biological diversity. Indicator 6: The number of forest dependent species. In Darr, D., compiler. Technical document supporting the 2003 national report on sustainable forests. USDA Forest Service, Washington DC.
full text PDF (0.662 MB)

Sieg, C. H., C. H. Flather, N. Barstatis, and M. S. Knowles. 2003. Criterion 1: Conservation of biological diversity. Indicator 9: Population levels of representative species from diverse habitats monitored across their range. In Darr, D., compiler. Technical document supporting the 2003 national report on sustainable forests. USDA Forest Service, Washington DC.
full text PDF (1.444 MB)

Dudley, J. G., V. A. Saab 2003. A field protocol to monitor cavity-nesting birds. Res.Pap.RMRS-RP-44.Fort Collins, CO:U.S.Department of Agriculture,Forest Service,Rocky Mountain Research Station.16 p.
full text PDF (0.946 MB)

Cushman, S.A. and K. McGarigal. 2003. Landscape-level patterns of avian diversity in the Oregon Coast Range. Ecological Monographs 73(2):259-281.

Grand, J. and S.A. Cushman. 2003. Multiple-scale analysis of bird-habitat relationships: breeding birds in a pitch pine-scrub oak (Pinus rigida-Quercus ilicifolia) community. Biological Conservation. 12(3):307-317.

Flather, C. H., T. H. Ricketts, C. H. Sieg, M. S. Knowles, and J. P. Fay. 2003. Criterion 1: Conservation of biological diversity. Indicator 7: The status (threatened, rare, vulnerable, endangered, or extinct) of forest dependent species at risk of not maintaining viable breeding populations, as determined by legislation or scientif In Darr, D., compiler. Technical document supporting the 2003 national report on sustainable forests. USDA Forest Service, Washington DC.
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Flather, C. H., C. H. Sieg, M. S. Knowles, and J. McNees. 2003. Criterion 1: Conservation of biological diversity. Indicator 8: The number of forest dependent species that occupy a small portion of their former range. In Darr, D., compiler. Technical document supporting the 2003 national report on sustainable forests. USDA Forest Service, Washington DC.
full text PDF (0.747 MB)

J. P. Ward Jr., J. L. Ganey, G. Sorrentino. 2003. Coordinated Management, Monitoring, and Research Program For the Rio Penasco Watershed Project, Sacramento Ranger District, Lincoln National Forest.Progress Report for Pilot Study - 2002. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station 2500 South Pine Knoll Drive, Flagstaff, AZ 86001.
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Hornbeck, J. H., C. H. Sieg, and D. J. Reyher. 2003. Conservation assessment for groundcedar and stiff clubmoss in the Black Hills National Forest, South Dakota and Wyoming. USDA Forest Service, Black Hills National Forest, Custer, SD.
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Sieg, C. H., R. M. King, and F. Van Dyke. 2003. Overviews and assignment answers for exercises 12, 13, 14, and 15. Pages 171 -177 In F. Van Dyke and contributors. A workbook of practical exercises in conservation biology. McGraw Hill, New York.
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Sieg, C. H., R. M. King and F. Van Dyke. 2003. Exercise 12. Creating a stage-based deterministic PVA model - the western prairie fringed orchid. Pages 91-99 In F. Van Dyke and contributors. A workbook of practical exercises in conservation biology. McGraw Hill, New York.
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M. K. Schwartz, L . S . Mills, Y. Ortega, L. F. Ruggiero and F. W. Allendorf. 2003. Landscape location affects genetic variation of Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis). Molecular Ecology (2003) 12, 1807–1816.
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Riddle, A., K. L. Pilgrim, L. S. Mills, K. S. McKelvey, and L. F. Ruggiero. 2003. Identification of mustelids using mitochondrial DNA and non-invasive sampling. Conservation Genetics 4:241-243.
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Joy, S. M., R. M. Reich, and R. T. Reynolds. 2003. A non-parametric, supervised classification of forest types on the Kaibab National Forest using decision trees. Int. J. Remote Sensing. 24(9):1835-1852.
full text PDF (0.380 MB)

Mills LS, Schwartz MK, Tallmon DA, and Lair KP. 2003. Measuring and interpreting changes in connectivity for mammals in coniferous forests. In: Zabel C, Anthony RG (eds.) Mammal community dynamics in Western coniferous forests: management and conservation in the new millennium. Island Press, Washington D.C., pp 587-613.
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Manel S, Schwartz MK, Luikart G, and Taberlet P. 2003. Landscape genetics: combining landscape ecology and population genetics. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 18: 1807-1816.
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Sieg, C. H., R. M. King, and F. Van Dyke. 2003. Exercise 13. The concept and use of elasticity in population viability models. Pages 101-108 In F. Van Dyke and contributors. A workbook of practical exercises in conservation biology. McGraw Hill, New York.
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Sieg, C. H., R. M. King, and F. Van Dyke. 2003. Exercise 14. Using stochastic models to incorporate spatial and temporal variability. Pages 109-113 In F. Van Dyke and contributors. A workbook of practical exercises in conservation biology. McGraw Hill, New York.
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Sieg, C. H., R. M. King, and F. Van Dyke. 2003. Exercise 15. Conservation and management issues and applications in population viability analysis. Pages 115-122 In F. Van Dyke and contributors. A workbook of practical exercises in conservation biology. McGraw Hill, New York.
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Kirby, D., R. G. Lym, J. J. Sterling, and C. H. Sieg. 2003. Observation: Leafy spurge control in western prairie fringed orchid habitat. Journal of Range Management 56: 466-473.
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Grubb, T. G. 2003. Wintering Bald Eagle Trends in Northern Arizona, 1975-2000. The Southwestern Naturalist 48(2):223-230.
full text PDF (0.210 MB)

Hornbeck, J. H., C. H. Sieg, and D. J. Reyher. 2003. Conservation assessment for autumn willow in the Black Hills National Forest, South Dakota and Wyoming. USDA Forest Service, Black Hills National Forest, Custer, SD.
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Hornbeck, J. H., C. H. Sieg, and D. J. Reyher. 2003. Conservation assessment for southern maidenhair fern and stream orchid in the Black Hills National Forest, South Dakota and Wyoming. USDA Forest Service, Black Hills National Forest, Custer, SD.
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Knapp, S.K., R. E. Russell, and R.K. Swihart. 2003. Setting priorities for conservation: the influence of uncertainty on species rankings of Indiana mammals. Biological Conservation 111:223-234.
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Russell, R. E. , and J.K. Detling. 2003. Grasshoppers (Orthoptera:Acrididae) and black-tailed prairie dogs (Sciurdae:Cynomys ludovicianus)(Ord): associations between two rangeland herbivores. J. Kansas Entomological Society 76:578-587.

Sieg, C. H., B. Philips, and L. Moser. 2003. Exotic and Noxious Plants. Pages 251-267 In Frederici, P., ed. Restoration Handbook for Southwestern Ponderosa Pine Forests. Island Press, Washington, D.C.
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Russell, R. E. , R.K. Swihart, and Z. Feng. 2003. Population consequences of foraging decisions in a patchy matrix. Oikos 103:142-152.
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Hornbeck, J. H., C. H. Sieg, and D. J. Reyher. 2003. Conservation assessment for great-spurred violet in the Black Hills National Forest, South Dakota and Wyoming. USDA Forest Service, Black Hills National Forest, Custer, SD.
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Hornbeck, J. H., C. H. Sieg, and D. J. Reyher. 2003. Conservation assessment for bloodroot in the Black Hills National Forest, South Dakota and Wyoming. USDA Forest Service, Black Hills National Forest, Custer, SD.
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Pearson, D. E., and L. F. Ruggiero. 2003. Transect versus grid trapping arrangements for sampling small mammal communities. Wildlife Society Bulletin 31(2): 454-459.

Pearson, D. E., Y., K. Ortega, and L. F. Ruggiero. 2003. Trap-induced mass declines in small mammals: mass as a population index. Journal of Wildlife Management 67(4):684-691.
full text PDF (0.535 MB)

Pearson, D. E. and R. M. Callaway. 2003. Indirect effects of host-specific biological control agents. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 18(9):456-461.
full text PDF (0.331 MB)

Grubb, T. G., W. L. Robinson, and W. W. Bowerman. 2002. Effects of watercraft on bald eagles nesting in Voyageurs National Park, Minnesota. Wildlife Society Bulletin. 30(1): 156-161.
link to journal

Johnson, C. L., and R. T. Reynolds. 2002. Responses of Mexican spotted owls to low-flying military jet aircraft. Res. Notes RMRS-RN-12. Fort Collins, CO: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 4 p.
full text PDF (0.028 MB)

Ortega, Y. K., and D. E. Capen. 2002. Roads as edges: effects on birds in forested landscapes. Forest Science 48:381-390.

Joy, S. M. 2002. Northern goshawk habitat on the Kaibab national forest in Arizona: factors affecting nest locations and territory quality. Colorado State University: Ph.D. Dissertation. 237 pp.
available from CSU library

Gatto, A. E. 2002. Foraging Ecology and Parental Behavior of Red-Tailed Hawks Sympatric with Northern Goshawks on the Kaibab Plateau, Arizona. Northern Arizona University. 84 p. thesis.
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Saab, V. A., R. Brannon, J. G. Dudley, L. Donohoo, D. Vanderzanden, V. Johnson, and H. Lachowski. 2002. Selection of fire-created snags at two spatial scales by cavity-nesting birds. In Proceedings of The Symposium on The Ecology and Management of Dead Wood in Western Forests, Nov 2-4, 1999, Reno, Nevada, editors Shea, P. J.; W.F. Laudenslayer, Jr.; B. Valentine; C. P. Weatherspoon, and T. E. Lisle. USDA Forest Service PSW-GTR-181.
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Wagner, D. M. 2002. Current status and habitat use of Gunnison's prairie dogs (Cynomys gunnisoni) in Arizona. Northern Arizona University: Ph.D. Dissertation. 77.
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Michael K. Schwartz, L. Scott Mills, Kevin S. McKelvey. 2002. DNA reveals high dispersal synchronizing the population dynamics of Canada lynx. Nature Vol 415, 520-522.
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P. F. Kukuk, S . H. Forbes, R. Zahorchack, A. Riddle And K. Pilgrim. 2002. Highly polymorphic microsatellite markers developed for the social halictine bee Lasioglossum (Chilalictus) hemichalceum. Molecular Ecology Notes 2 529-530.
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Poff, B. and A. Tecle. 2002. Bacteriological Water Quality Trend Analysis in Oak Creek Canyon, AZ. pp. 431-436 in Proceedings: Ground Water/Surface Water Interactions. American Water Resources Association. 2002 Summer Specialty Conference, Keystone, Colorado, July 1-3.
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Aigner, P. A., and P. E. Scott. 2002. Use and pollination of a hawkmoth plant, Nicotiana attenuata, by migrant hummingbirds. The Southwestern Naturalist. 47(1): 1-11.
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McKelvey KS, McDaniel GW, Mills LS, et al. 2002. Effects of plot size and shape on pellet density estimates for snowshoe hares. Wildlife Society Bulletin 30: 751-755.

Reed JM, Mills LS, Dunning JB, et al. 2002. Emerging issues in population viability analysis. Conservation Biology 16: 7-19.

Reed WJ, McKelvey KS. 2002. Power-law behaviour and parametric models for the size-distribution of forest fires. Ecological Modelling 150: 239-254.
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Slauson, L. A. 2002. Effects of fire on the reproductive biology of Agave palmeri agavaceae. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 49(1): 11.
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Tewksbury, J.J., A. E. Black, N. Nur, G.R. Guepel, V. A. Saab, B. Logan, and D. S. Dobkin. 2002. Effects of anthropogenic fragmentation and livestock grazing on western riparian bird communities. Studies in Avian Biology 25:158-202.
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Reynolds, R. T., D. P. Kane, and D. M. Finch. 2002. Tree-nesting habitat of purple martins in Colorado. Journal of the Colorado Field Ornithologists. 36(1): 6-13. 2002.
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Neary, E.L., D.G. Neary, S.T. Overby, and S. M. Haase. 2002. Prescribed fire impacts on soil carbon and nitrogen. In Hydrology and Water Resources in Arizona and the Southwest, Vol. 32, Proceedings of the 2002 Meetings of the Arizona Section, American Water Resources Association and the Hydrology Section, Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, April 6,2002, Glendale, AZ, 8 p.
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Martinez, G. B. 2002. Influence of residential development on breeding birds in ponderosa pine forests of northern Arizona. University of Arizona: M.S. Thesis. 63 p.

Neary, D. G., S. T. Overby and S. C. Hart. 2002. Soil Carbon in arid and semi-arid forest ecosystems In J. M. Kimble, Linda S. Heathe, Richard A. Birdsey, and R. Lal (eds.) The Potential of U.S. Forest Soils to Sequester Carbon and Mitigate the Greenhouse Effect. p. 293-310. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
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Kotliar, N.B., S. Hejl, R.L. Hutto, V. A. Saab, C.P. Melcher, and M.E. McFadzen. 2002. Effects of wildfire and post-fire salvage logging on avian communities in conifer-dominated forests of the Western United States. Studies in Avian Biology 25:49-64.
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Wisdom, M. J., B.C. Wales, M. M. Rowland, M.G. Raphael, R. S. Holthausen, T.D. Rich, and V. A. Saab. 2002. Performance of greater sage-grouse models for conservation assessment in the interior Columbia basin, USA. Conservation Biology 16:1232-1242.
abstract available

Garnett, G. N. 2002. Wildlife uses of witches' brooms induced by dwarf mistletoe in ponderosa pine forests of northern Arizona. Northern Arizona University. 75 p. Thesis.
available from Cline Library

Cushman, S.A. and K. McGarigal. 2002. Hierarchical, multi-scale decomposition of species-environment relationships. Landscape Ecology. 17:637-646.

Cushman, S.A. and D.O. Wallin. 2002. Separating the influences of spatial, environmental, and disturbance factors in forests of the Russian Far East. Forest Ecology and Management. 168 (1-3): 201-215.

McGarigal, K. and S.A. Cushman. 2002. Comparative evaluation of experimental approaches to the study of habitat fragmentation effects. Ecological Applications 12(2): 335-345.

Overby, S. T., S. C. Hart, and D. G. Neary. 2002. Impacts of Natural Disturbance on Soil Carbon Dynamics in Forest Ecosystems. p. 159-172. In J.M. Kimble, Linda S. Heath, Richard A. Birdsey, and R. Lal (eds.) The Potential of U.S. Forest Soils to Sequester Carbon and Mitigate the Greenhouse Effect. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
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Neary, D.G., Moir, W.H., and S. T. Overby. 2002. Role of soil disturbances in determining post-harvest plant biodiversity and invasive weed distributions Pp. 52-54. In Frochot, H.; Collet, C.; Balandier, P. (Compilers) Popular Summaries from the 4 th International Conference on Forest Vegetation Management, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Nancy, France.
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Ganey, J. L., and M. A. Benoit. 2002. Using terrestrial ecosystem survey data to identify potential habitat for the Mexican spotted owl on national forest system lands: A pilot study. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-86. Fort Collins, CO: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 25 p.
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Seamans, M. E., R. J. Gutiérrez, and C. A. May. 2002. Mexican spotted owl (Strix occidentalis) population dynamics: Influence of climatic variation on survival and reproduction. The Auk. 119(2): 321-334.

Delaney, D.K., and T. G. Grubb. 2001, 2003. Effects of off-highway vehicle noise on northern spotted owls: sound data results, 2002 results. Reports [2] to Mendocino National Forest, Contract No. 43-91Z9-0-0055. USA CERL, Champaign, IL; Rocky Mountain Research Station, Flagstaff, AZ.

Poff, B. and A. Tecle. 2001. Cost-effectiveness of multi-objective forest management in the wildland urban interfacve. Hydrology and Water Resources in Arizona and the Southwest. Vol. 31:13-19.
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Poff, B., Tappan R., and L. G. Morgan. 2001. Analyzing the Feasibility for Rerouting the Rio de Flag in Flagstaff, Arizona. Hydrology and Water Resources in Arizona and the Southwest. Vol. 31:59-65.
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Block, W. M., A. B. Franklin, J. P. Ward, Jr., J. L. Ganey, and G. C. White. 2001. Design and Implementation of Monitoring Studies to Evaluate the Success of Ecological Restoration on Wildlife. Restoration Ecology, Vol. 9 No. 3, pp.293-303.
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Crawford, J. A., C. H. A. Wahren, S. Kyle, and W. H. Moir. 2001. Responses of exotic plant species to fires in Pinus ponderosa forests in northern Arizona. Journal of Vegetation Science. 12: 261-268.
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Saab, V. A., and K.T. Vierling. 2001. Reproductive success of Lewis’s woodpecker in burned pine and cottonwood riparian forests. Condor 103:491-501.
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Pletscher DH and Schwartz MK. 2001. Rearranging the deck chairs on the Malthusian ship: Reply to Phifer and Roebuck. Conservation Biology 15. T

Pearson, D. E., and Y. K. Ortega. 2001. An indirect dispersal pathway for spotted knapweed seeds via deer mice and great-horned owls. Canadian Field-Naturalist 115(2):354.
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Linkhart, B. D. 2001. Life history characteristics and habitat quality of flammulated owls (Otus flammeolus) in Colorado. University of Colorado: Ph.D. Dissertation. 206 p.

La Sorte, F. A. 2001. Habitat association of sympatric red-tailed hawks and northern goshawks on the Kaibab plateau, Arizona. University of Arizona: M.S. Thesis. 62 p.

Neary, D. G., W. H. Moir, and B. G. Phillips. 2001. Harvesting-related soil disturbance: Implications for plant biodiversity and invasive weeds. In: J. Richardson, R. Bjorheden, P. Hakkila, A. T. Lowe, and C. T. Smith, comps. Proc. Forest Research Bulletin No. 223. IEA Bioenergy T18:2001:02, September 2001. Bioenergy from sustainable forestry: Principles and practice; 2000 October 16-20; Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia. Rotorua, New Zealand: New Zealand Forest Research Institute Limited: 17-32.

Parker, T. J. 2001. Bird communities in dwarf mistletoe infested ponderosa pine forests. Northern Arizona University: M.S. Thesis. 90 p.
available from Cline Library

Ralls, K. K. L. Pilgrim, P. J. White, E. E. Paxinos, M. K. Schwartz, and R. C. Fleischer. 2001. Kinship, social relationships, and den sharing in kit foxes. Journal of Mammalogy 82(3):858-866.

Moir, W. H., and W. M. Block. 2001. Adaptive management on public lands in the United States: Commitment or rhetoric? Environmental Management. 28(2): 141-148.
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Morrison, M. L., W. M. Block, M. D. Strickland, and W. L. Kendall. 2001. Wildlife study design. New York, NY: Springer-Verlag: 210 p.
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Ortega, Y. K., and D. E. Pearson. 2001. Occurrences of the western skink (Eumeces skiltonianus) in grasslands of western Montana. Northwestern Naturalist 82:125-125.
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Urban, D., and T. Keitt. 2001. Landscape connectivity: A graph-theoretic perspective. Ecology. 82(5): 1205-1218.

Pearson, D. E., and L. F. Ruggiero. 2001. Test of the prey-base hypothesis to explain use of red squirrel midden sites by American martens. Canadian Journal of Zoology 79(8):1372-1379.
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McKelvey KS, Pearson DE. 2001. Population estimation with sparse data: the role of estimators versus indices revisited. Canadian Journal of Zoology 79: 1754-1765.
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Pearson D. E., Y. K. Ortega, K. S. McKelvey and L. F. Ruggiero. 2001. Small mammal communities and habitat selection in Northern Rocky Mountain bunchgrass: Implications for exotic plant invasions. Northwest Science 75: 107-117.
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Griffis, K. L., J. A. Crawford, M. R. Wagner, and W. H. Moir. 2001. Understory response to management treatments in northern Arizona ponderosa pine forests. Forest Ecology and Management. 146: 239-245.
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Waters JR, Zabel CJ, McKelvey KS, et al. 2001. Vegetation patterns and abundances of amphibians and small mammals along small streams in a northwestern California watershed. Northwest Science 75: 37-52.
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Brown, P. M., M. W. Kaye, L. S. Huckaby, and C. H. Baisan. 2001. Fire history along environmental gradients in the Sacramento mountains, New Mexico: Influences of local patterns and regional processes. Ecoscience. 8(1): 115-126.
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Ward Jr., J. P. 2001. Ecological responses by Mexican spotted owls to environmental variation in the Sacramento mountains, New Mexico. Colorado State University: Ph.D. Dissertation. 423 p.
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Wolken, P. M., C. H. Sieg, and S. E. Williams. 2001. Quantifying suitable habitat of the threatened western prairie fringed orchid. Journal of Range Management 54: 611-616.
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Ganey, J. L., G.C. White, A.B. Franklin, D.C. Bowden, and J.P. Ward, Jr. 2000. A pilot study on monitoring populations of Mexican spotted owls in Arizona and New Mexico: second interim report. Rocky Mountain Research Station, Flagstaff, AZ.

Baker, M.B., Jr., D. P. Huebner, and P.F. Ffolliott. 2000. Documenting historical data and accessing it on the World Wide Web. Land stewardship in the 21st century: the contributions of watershed management: conference proceedings, Tucson, AZ. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 5 p.
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Huebner, D. P.., M.B. Baker, Jr., and P.F. Ffolliott. 2000. Increasing efficiency of information dissemination and collection through the World Wide Web. Land stewardship in the 21st century: the contributions of watershed management: conference proceedings, Tucson, AZ. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 4 p.
full text PDF (0.023 MB)

Slauson, L. A. 2000. Pollination biology of two chiropterophilous agaves in Arizona. American Journal of Botany. 87(6): 825-836.
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Saab, V. A., and K. T. Vierling. 2000. Reproductive success of Lewis's woodpecker in burned pine and cottonwood riparian forests. The Condor. 103: 491-501.
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Overby, S. T., W. H. Moir, and G. T. Robertson. 2000. Soil and vegetation changes in a pinyon-juniper area in central Arizona after prescribed fire. In: P. F. Ffolliott, M. B. Baker Jr., C. B. Edminster, M. C. Dillon, and K. L. Mora, tech. cords. Poc. RMRS-P-13. Land stewardship in the 21st century: The contributions of watershed management; 2000 March 13-16; Tucson, AZ. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 371-374.
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Baker, M.B., Jr., D. P. Huebner, and P.F. Ffolliott. 2000. Accessing a personalized bibliography with a searchable system on the World Wide Web. (53K PDF). Land stewardship in the 21st century: the contributions of watershed management: conference proceedings, Tucson, AZ. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 3 p.
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Kyle, S. C. 2000. Small mammal abundance and habitat correlates following varied-severity wildfire in ponderosa pine-bunchgrass forests. Northern Arizona University: M.S. Thesis.125 p.
available from Cline Library

Grubb, T. G., and R. G. Lopez. 2000. Food habits of bald eagles wintering in northern Arizona. Journal of Raptor Research. 34(4): 287-292.
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Iniguez, J. M. 2000. Cover type and structural classification in the Sky Islands of southeastern Arizona Northern Arizona University: M.S. Thesis. 75 p.
available from Cline Library

Long, J. W. and B. M. Burnette. 2000. Restoration of Soldier Spring. P. 361-362 in P. F. Ffolliott, M. B. Baker, C. B. Edminster, B. Carleton, M. C. Dillon, and K. C. Mora, editors. Proceedings of Land stewardship in the 21st Century: The contributions of watershed management, RMRS-P-13. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.
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Long, J. W. 2000. Restoration of Gooseberry Creek. P. 356-358 in P. F. Ffolliott, M. B. Baker, C. B. Edminster, B. Carleton, M. C. Dillon, and K. C. Mora, editors. Proceedings of Land Stewardship in the 21st Century: The contributions of watershed management, RMRS-P-13. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.
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Jenness, J. S. 2000. The effects of fire on Mexican spotted owls in Arizona and New Mexico Northern Arizona University: M.S. Thesis. 131 p.
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Conant, R. T., J. M. Klopatek, and C. C. Klopatek. 2000. Environmental factors controlling soil respiration in three semiarid ecosystems. Soil Science Society of America Journal. 64(1): 383-390.
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Conroy, C. J., and J. A. Cook. 2000. Phylogeography of a post-glacial colonizer: Microtus longicaudus (Rodentia: Muridae). Molecular Ecology. 9(2): 165-175.
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Long, J. W., and D. Endfield. 2000. Restoration of White Springs. Pages 359-360 in P. F. Ffolliott, M. B. Baker, C. B. Edminster, B. Carleton, M. C. Dillon, and K. C. Mora, editors. Proceedings of Land stewardship in the 21st Century: The contributions of watershed management, RMRS-P-13. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.
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Joy, S. M., R. M. Reich, and R. T. Reynolds. 2000. Modeling small-scale variability in the composition of goshawk habitat on the Kaibab National Forest. In: Proceedings of the Eighth Forest Service remote sensing applications conference: Remote sensing and geospatial technologies for the new millennium; 2000 April 10-14; Albuquerque, NM. Bethesda, MD: American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing: 11 p.
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Baker, M.B., Jr., D. P. Huebner, and P.F. Ffolliott. 2000. An on-line image data base system: managing image collections. Land stewardship in the 21st century: the contributions of watershed management: conference proceedings, Tucson, AZ. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 4 p.
full text PDF (0.120 MB)

McDaniel, G.J., K.S. McKelvey, J.R. Squires, and L.F. Ruggiero. 2000. Efficacy of lures and hair snares to detect lynx. Wildlife Society Bulletin 2000, 28(1):119-123.
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Buskirk, S.W., L.F. Ruggiero, and C.J. Krebs. 2000. Habitat fragmentation and interspecific competition: Implications for lynx conservation. Pages 83-100 in Ruggiero et al., Ecology and Conservation of Lynx in the United States. University Press of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado.

Cushman, S.A. and D.O. Wallin. 2000. Rates and patterns of landscape change in the Sikhote-alin Mountains, Russian Far East. Landscape Ecology 15(7): 643-659.

McGarigal, K., S.A. Cushman, and S. Stafford. 2000. Multivariate Statistics for Wildlife and Ecology Research. Springer-Verlag, New York.

May, C. A. 2000. Landscape scale analysis of Mexican spotted owl nest and roost habitat in central Arizona. Humboldt State University: M.S. Thesis. 37 p.

Aubry, Keith B. , Gary M. Koehler, John R. Squires. 2000. Ecology of Canada Lynx in Southern Boreal Forests. Pp. 373-396. Pages 373-396 in Ruggiero et al., Ecology and Conservation of Lynx in the United States. University Press of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado.
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Moir, W. H., J. A. Ludwig, and R. T. Scholes. 2000. Soil erosion and vegetation in grasslands of the Peloncillo Mountains, New Mexico. Soil Science Society of America Journal. 64: 1055-1067.
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Long, J. W. 2000. Cibecue watershed projects: Then, now, and in the future. Pages 227-233 in P. F. Ffolliott, M. B. Baker, C. B. Edminster, B. Carleton, M. C. Dillon, and K. C. Mora, editors. Proceedings of Land stewardship in the 21st Century: The contributions of watershed management, RMRS-P-13. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station,Fort Collins, CO.
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Conroy, C. J., J. R. Demboski, and J. A. Cook. 2000. Mammalian biogeography of the Alexandra Archipelago of Alaska: A north temperate nested fauna. Journal of Biogeography. 26(2): 343-352.
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Sands, A.R., S. Sather-Blair, and V. A. Saab. 2000. Sagebrush steppe wildlife: historical and current perspectives. Pages 27-35 In Proceedings: Sagebrush Steppe Ecosystems Symposium; Entwistle, P.G., A.M. DeBolt, J.H. Kaltenecker, and K. Steenhof, compilers. Bureau of Land Management Publication No. BLM/ID/PT-001001+1150, Boise, Idaho, USA.

Flather, C. H., and C. H. Sieg. 2000. The applicability of Criterion 1 (Conservation of Biological Diversity) of the Montreal Process to rangeland sustainability. International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology 7:81-96.
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Boucher, P. F., W. M. Block, G. V. Benavidez, and L. E. Wiebe. 2000. Implementing the expanded prescribed fire program on the Gila National Forest, New Mexico : implications for snag management. IN: Fire and forest ecology: innovative silviculture and vegetation management, proceedings of the 21st Tall Timbers fire ecology conference, 14-16 April 1998, Tallahassee, Florida. p. 104-113.
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Bowerman, W. W., D. A. Best, T. G. Grubb, J. G. Sikarskie, and J. P. Giesy. 2000. Assessment of environmental endocrine disruptors in bald eagles of the Great Lakes. Chemosphere. 41(2000): 1569-1574.
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Dwyer, J.K., and W. M. Block. 2000. Effects of wildfire on densities of secondary cavity-nesting birds in ponderosa pine forests of northern Arizona. In: W. Keith Moser and Cynthia E Moser (eds.). Fire and forest ecology: innovative silviculture and vegetation management. Tall Timbers Fire Ecology Conference Proceedings, No. 21. Tall Timbers Research Station, Tallahassee, FL. Pages 151-156.
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Kyle, S. C. and W. M. Block. 2000. Effects of wildfire severity on small mammals in northern Arizona ponderosa pine forests. In: Fire and forest ecology: innovative silviculture and vegetation management, proceedings of the 21st Tall Timbers fire ecology conference, 14-16 April 1998, Tallahassee, Florida. p. 163-168
full text PDF (0.239 MB)

Wagner, M. R., W. M. Block, B. W. Geils, and K. F. Wenger. 2000. Restoration ecology : a new forest management paradigm, or another merit badge for foresters? Journal of forestry. Vol. 98, no. 10 p. 22-27.
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Wisdom, M.J., R.S. Holthausen, B.C. Wales, C.D. Hargis, V. A. Saab, D.C. Lee, W.J. Hann, T.D. Rich, M.M. Rowland, W.J. Murphy, M.R. Eames. 2000. Source habitats for terrestrial vertebrates of focus in the Interior Columbia Basin: Broad-scale trends and management implications. USDA, Forest Service, General Technical Report PNW-GTR-485, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Portland, Oregon.
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Ffolliott, P. F., G. J. Gottfried, and W. H. Kruse. 2000. Past, present, and potential utilization of pinyon-juniper species. In: S. B. Monsen, and R. Stevens, comps. Proc. RMRS-P-9. Proceedings: Ecology and management of pinyon-juniper communities within the Interior West; 1997 September 15-18; Provo, UT. Ogden, UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 254-259.
This publication can be ordered free from

Johnson, V., D. Vanderzanden, H. Lachowski, V. A. Saab, L. Donohoo. 2000. Using landsat satellite imagery to evaluate fire-created habitat for cavity-nesting birds. USDA, Forest Service, Remote Sensing Tips RSAC-12-TIP1, Remote Sensing Applications Center, Salt Lake City, Utah.

Dwyer, J. K. 2000. Response of secondary cavity-nesting birds to wildfire in ponderosa pine forests for northern Arizona. Northern Arizona University: M.S. Thesis. 59 p.
available from Cline Library

Johnson, V., V. A. Saab, D. Vanderzanden, H. Lachowski, R. Brannon, and C. Crist. 2000. Using landsat satellite imagery to assess fire-created habitat for cavity-nesting birds. In Remote Sensing and Geospatial Technologies for the New Millennium; Proceedings of the Eighth Forest Service Remote Sensing Applications Conference, 10-14 April 2000, Albuquerque, New Mexico, editor Greer, J.D. American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Published on CD-ROM.

Dixon, R.D., and V. A. Saab. 2000. Black-backed Woodpecker (Picoides arcticus). In: The Birds of North America. No. 509. (Poole, A. and Gill, F. eds.). The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, and The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington D.C.
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Mills, L. S., K. L. Pilgrim, M. K. Schwartz, and K. McKelvey. 2000. Identifying lynx and other North American felids based on MtDNA analysis. Conservation Genetics 1(3):285-288.
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Ruggiero LF, Schwartz MK, Buskirk SF, Krebs CJ, and Stanley A. 2000. Ecotypic variation and conservation. In: Ruggiero LF, Aubry, K.B., Buskirk, S.F., Krebs, C.J., McKelvey, K.S., Squires, J.R. (ed) The Ecology and Conservation of Lynx. University of Colorado Press, Denver, CO.

Ward, Jr., J. P., and D. Salas. 2000. Adequacy of roost locations for defining buffers around Mexican spotted owl nests. Wildlife Society Bulletin. 28(3): 688-698.
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Mills LS, Citta JJ, Lair KP, Schwartz MK, and Tallmon DA. 2000. Estimating animal abundance using non-invasive DNA sampling: promise and pitfall. Ecological Applications 10: 283-294.
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Pearson, D. E. 2000. Evidence of red-squirrel fall breeding in western Montana. Canadian Field-Naturalist 114(4):703-704.

Pletscher DH and Schwartz MK. 2000. The tyranny of popluation growth. Conservation Biology 14: 1918-1919. T

Willey, D. W., and C. van Riper III. 2000. First-year movements by juvenile Mexican spotted owls in the Canyonlands of Utah. Journal of Raptor Research. 34(1):1-7.
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Ganey, J. L.; Block, W. M.; King, R. M. 2000. Roost Sites of Radio-marked Mexican Spotted Owls in Arizona and New Mexico: Sources of Variability and Descriptive Characteristics. Journal of raptor research. Vol. 34, no. 4. p. 270-278.
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Pearson D. E., K. S. McKelvey , L. F. Ruggiero. 2000. Non-target effects of an introduced biological control agent on deer mouse ecology. Oecologia 122 : 121-128
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Ffolliott, P. F., L. F. DeBano, G. J. Gottfried, D. P. Huebner, and C. B. Edminster, Compilers. 1999. A Bibliography for the Northern Madrean Biogeographic Province. USDA Forest Service Res. Note RMRS–RN–7.
on-line bibliography

Block, W. M. 1999. Guilds. In: D. E. Alexander, and R. W. Fairbridge, eds. Encyclopedia of Environmental Science. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers: 306-307.
Publishers link

Slauson, L., V. Dalton, and D. Dalton. 1999. Effects of prescribed burning on the Palmer agave and the lesser long-nosed bat. In: G. J. Gottfried, L. G. Eskew, C. G. Curtin, and C. B. Edminster, comps. Proc. RMRS-P-10. Toward integrated research, land management, and ecosystem protection in the Maipai Borderlands: Conference Summary; 1999 January 06-08; Douglas, AZ. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 111-114.
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Ganey J. L., S. Ackers, P. Fonken, J. S. Jenness, C. Kessler, K. Nodal, P. Shaklee, and E. Swarthout. 1999. Monitoring Population Trends of Mexican Spotted Owls in Arizona and New Mexico: 1999 Progress Report. Progress report. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station 2500 South Pine Knoll Drive, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 23 November 1999.
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Wisdom, M.J., B.C. Wales, R.S. Holthausen, C.D. Hargis, V. A. Saab, W.J. Hann, T.D. Rich, D.C. Lee, and M.M.. Rowland. 1999. Wildlife habitats in Forests of the Interior Northwest: history, status trends and critical issues confronting land managers. Pages 79-93. In Trans. 64th North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference.

Hall, L. S., and R. W. Mannan. 1999. Multiscaled habitat selection by elegant trogons in southeastern Arizona. Journal of Wildlife Management. 63(2): 451-461.
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Baker, M. B. Jr., Compiler. 1999. History of Watershed Research in the Central Arizona Highlands. General technical report RMRS GTR-29. Fort Collins, CO : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 1999.
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Geils, B. W., D. A. Conklin, and E. P. Van Arsdel. 1999. A preliminary hazard model of white pine blister rust for the Sacramento Ranger District, Lincoln National Forest. Fort Collins, Colo. : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 1999. 6 p. Research note RMRS ; RN-6.
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Vapalahti, O., A. Lundkvist, and V. Fedorov. 1999. Isolation and characterization of a hantavirus from Lemmus sibiricus: Evidence for host switch during hantavirus evolution. Journal of Virology. 73(7): 5586-5592. (Additional authors: C. J. Conroy, S. Hirvonen, A. Plyusnina, K. Nemirov, K. Fredga, J. A. Cook, J. Niemimaa, A. Kaikusalo, H. Henttonen, A. Vaheri, and A. Plyusnin.)
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Barrowclough, G. F., R. J. Gutiérrez, and J. G. Growth. 1999. Phylogeography of spotted owl (Strix occidentalis) populations based on mitochondrial DNA sequences: Gene flow, genetic structure, and a novel biogeographic pattern. Evolution. 53(3): 919-931.
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Seamans, M. E., R. J. Gutiérrez, C. A. May, and M. Z. Peery. 1999. Demography of two Mexican spotted owl populations. Conservation Biology. 13(4): 744-754.
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Moir, W. H., S. G. Rochelle, and A. W. Schoettle. 1999. Microscale patterns of tree establishment near upper treeline, Snowy Range, Wyoming, U.S.A. Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research. 31(4): 379-388.
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Shaw, N.L., V. A. Saab, S.B. Monsen, and T.D. Rich. 1999. Bromus tectorum expansion and biodiversity loss on the Snake River Plain, southern Idaho, U.S.A. Proceedings of the VI International Rangeland Congress. Townsville, Australia.

Saab, V. A. 1999. The importance of spatial scale to habitat use by breeding birds in cottonwood forests: a hierarchical analysis. Ecological Applications 9(1):135-151.
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Donovan, T.M., K.E. Freemark, B.A. Mauer, L. Petit, S.K. Robinson, and V. A. Saab. 1999. Setting local and regional objectives for the persistence of bird populations. In Bonney, R., D.N. Pashley, R.J. Cooper, and L. Niles, eds. Strategies for bird conservation: the Partners in Flight planning process. Proceedings of the 3rd Partners in Flight Workshop; 1995 October 1-5; Cape May, NJ. Electronic proceedings http://birds.cornell.edu/pifcapemay, and USDA Forest Service, Proceedings RMRS-P-16, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Ogden, Utah.
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Seamans, M. E., and R. J. Gutiérrez. 1999. Diet competition and reproductive success of Mexican spotted owls. Journal of Raptor Research. 33(2): 143-148.
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Peery, M. Z., R. J. Gutiérrez, and M. E. Seamans. 1999. Habitat composition and configuration around Mexican spotted owl nest and roost sites in the Tularosa Mountains, New Mexico. Journal of Wildlife Management. 63(1): 36-43.
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Sureda, M., and M. L. Morrison. 1999. Habitat characteristics of small mammals in southeastern Utah. Great Basin Naturalist. 59(4): 323-330.
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Stacey, P. B., and Hodgson, A. 1999. Biological diversity in montane riparian ecosystems: the case of the Mexican spotted owl. In: D. M. Finch, J. C. Whitney, J. F. Kelley, and S. R. Loftin, eds., In: Rio Grande ecosystems: linking land, water and people-toward a sustainable future for the Middle Rio Grande Basin; 1998 June 2-5; Albuquerque, NM. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station; RMRS-P-7: 204-210.
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Neary, D. G., C. C. Klopatek, L. F. DeBano, and P. F. Ffolliott. 1999. Fire effects on belowground sustainability: A review and synthesis. Forest Ecology and Management. 122: 51-71.

Morrison, M. L., L. S. Hall, S. K. Robinson, S. L. Rothstein, D. C. Hahn, and T. D. Rich. 1999. Research and management of the brown-headed cowbird in western landscapes. In: Studies in Avian Biology No. 18. Lawrence, KS: Allen Press, Inc.: 312 p.
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Zimmerman, J. C., L. E. DeWald, and P. G. Rowlands. 1999. Vegetation diversity in an interconnected ephemeral riparian system of north-central Arizona, USA. Biological Conservation. 90: 217-228.
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Brown, P.M. and C.H. Sieg. 1999. Historical variability in fire at the ponderosa pine - Northern Great Plains prairie ecotone, southeastern Black Hills, South Dakota. EcoScience 6(4):539-547.
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Schwartz MK, Tallmon DA, and Luikart G. 1999. Using genetics to estimate the size of wild populations: many methods, much potential, uncertain utility. Animal Conservation 2: 320-322.

Ruggiero, L.F. , K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.). 1999. Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Foresman, K. R., and D. E. Pearson. 1999. Activity patterns of American martens, fishers, snowshoe hares, and red squirrels in westcentral Montana. Canadian Field-Naturalist 113(3):1-4.

Pearson, D. E. 1999. Small mammals of the Bitterroot National Forest: a literature review and annotated bibliography. USDA Forest Service, General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-25.
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Pearson, D. E. 1999. Deer mouse predation on the biological control agent, Urophora spp., introduced to control spotted knapweed. Northwestern Naturalist 80(1): 26-29.
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Buskirk, S. W., L. F. Ruggiero, K. B. Aubry, D. E. Pearson, J Squires, and K. S. McKelvey. 1999. Comparative ecology of lynx in North America. Pp. 397-417. In L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.) Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Hiruki LM, Schwartz MK, and Boveng PL. 1999. Social and hunting behavior of the leopard seal on Seal Island, Antarctica. Journal of Zoology 249: 97-109.

Sieg, C.H., C. H. Flather, and S. McCanny. 1999. Recent biodiversity patterns in the Great Plains: implications for restoration and management. Great Plains Research 9(2): 277-313.
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Sieg, C. H. and P. M. Wolken. 1999. Dynamics of a threatened orchid in flooded wetlands. North American Prairie Conference 16:193-201.
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McKelvey, Kevin S., Steven W. Buskirk, Charles J. Krebs 1999. Theoretical Insights into the Population Viability of Lynx. Pp. 21-38. In L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.) Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Delaney, D. K., T. G. Grubb, and P. Beier. 1999. Activity patterns of nesting Mexican spotted owls. The Condor. 101(2): 42-49.
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Delaney, D. K., T. G. Grubb, P. Beier, L. L. Pater, and M. H. Reiser. 1999. Effects of helicopter noise on Mexican spotted owls. Journal of Wildlife Management. 63(1): 60-76.
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Demboski, J. R., K. D. Stone, and J. A. Cook. 1999. Further perspectives on the Haida Gwaii glacial refugium. Evolution. 53(6): 2008-2012.
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Fleming, M. A., E. A. Ostrander, and J. A. Cook. 1999. Microsatellite markers for American mink (Mustela vison) and ermine (Mustela erminea). Molecular Ecology. 8(8): 1352-1354.
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Bunkers, M. J., L. R. Johnson, J. R. Miller, and C. H. Sieg. 1999. Old Black Hills ponderosa pines tell a story. Proceedings of the South Dakota Academy of Science 78:149-161.
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Hof, J., C. H. Sieg, and M. Bevers. 1999. Spatial and temporal optimization in habitat placement for a threatened plant: the case of the western prairie fringed orchid. Ecological Modeling 115: 61-75.
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Schwartz MK, Boness DJ, Majluf P, Schaeff C, and Fleischer R. 1999. Extra-pair mating: an epiphenomenon for the Humboldt penguin? Behavioral Ecology 10: 242-250

McKelvey, Kevin S., Yvette K. Ortega, Gary M. Koehler, Keith B. Aubry, and J. David Brittell. 1999. Canada Lynx Habitat and Topographic Use Patterns in North Central Washington: A Reanalysis. Pp. 307-336. In L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.) Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Conroy, C. J., and J. A. Cook. 1999. MtDNA evidence for repeated pulses of speciation within arvicoline and murid rodents. Journal of Mammalian Evolution. 6(3): 221-245.
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Ortega, Y. K., and D. E. Capen. 1999. Effects of forest roads on habitat quality for Ovenbirds in a forested landscape. Auk 116:937-946.
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Ruggiero, Leonard F., Keith B. Aubry, Steven W. Buskirk, Gary M. Koehler, Charles J. Krebs, Kevin S. McKelvey, John R. Squires. 1999. Epilogue: The Scientific Basis for Lynx Conservation: Can We Get There From Here? Pp. 471-474. In L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.) Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Aubry,Keith B. , Leonard F. Ruggiero, John R. Squires, Kevin S. McKelvey, Gary M. Koehler, Steven W. Buskirk, Charles J. Krebs. 1999. Conservation of Lynx in the United States: A Systematic Approach to Closing Critical Knowledge Gaps. Pp. 455-470. In L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.) Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Ruggiero, Leonard F., Keith B. Aubry, Steven W. Buskirk, Gary M. Koehler, Charles J. Krebs, Kevin S. McKelvey, John R. Squires. 1999. The Scientific Basis for Lynx Conservation: Qualified Insights. Pp. 443-454. In L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.) Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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McKelvey, Kevin S., Keith B. Aubry, James K. Agee, Steven W. Buskirk, Leonard F. Ruggiero, Gary M. Koehler. 1999. Lynx Conservation in an Ecosystem Management Context. Pp. 397-418. In L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.) Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Ruggiero, L. F. 1999. Preface: Ecology and Conservation of Lynx in the United States. Pp. 1-4. In L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.) Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.

Squires, John R. and Tom Laurion. 1999. Lynx Home Range and Movements in Montana and Wyoming: Preliminary Results. Pp. 337-350. In L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.) Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Ruggiero, Leonard F. and Kevin S. McKelvey. 1999. Toward a Defensible Lynx Conservation Strategy: A Framework for Planning in the Face of Uncertainty. Pp. 5-20. In L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.) Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Mowat, Garth, Kim G. Poole, Mark O'Donoghue. 1999. Ecology of Lynx in Northern Canada and Alaska. Pp. 265-306. In L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.) Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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McKelvey, Kevin S., K. B. Aubry, and Y. K. Ortega. 1999. History and Distribution of Lynx in the Contiguous United States. Pp. 207-264. In L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.) Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Hodges, Karen E. 1999. Ecology of Snowshoe Hares in Southern Boreal and Montane Forests. Pp. 117-162. In L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.) Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Ruggiero, Leonard F. , Michael K. Schwartz, Keith B. Aubry, Charles J. Krebs, Amanda Stanley, Steven W. Buskirk 1999. Species Conservation and Natural Variation Among Populations. Pp. 101-116. In L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.) Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Buskirk, Steven W. 1999. Habitat Fragmentation and Interspecific Competition: Implications for Lynx Conservation. Pp. 83-100. In L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.) Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Agee, James K. 1999. Disturbance Ecology of North American Boreal Forests and Associated Northern Mixed/Subalpine Forests. Pp. 39-82. In L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.) Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Spruell, P., K. L. Pilgrim, B. A. Greene, C. Habicht, K. L. Knudsen, K. R. Lindner, G. K. Sage, J. E. Seeb, and F. W. Allendorf. 1999. Inheritance of nuclear DNA markers in gynogenetic haploid pink salmon. Journal of Heredity 90:289-296.

Apps, Clayton D. 1999. Space-Use, Diet, Demographics, and Topographic Associations of Lynx in the Southern Canadian Rocky Mountains: A Study. Pp. 351-372. In L.F. Ruggiero, K.B. Aubry, S.W. Buskirk, G.M. Koehler, C.J. Krebs, K.S. McKelvey, and J.R. Squires (eds.) Ecology and conservation of lynx in the United States. RMRS-GTR-30WWW. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Ganey, J. L., S. Ackers, P. Fonken, J.S. Jenness, C. Kessler, K. Nodal, P. Shaklee, and E. Swarthout. 1999. Monitoring populations of Mexican Spotted Owls in Arizona and New Mexico: 1999 progress report.
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White, G. C.; Block, W. M.; Ganey, J. L.; Moir, W. H.; Ward, J. P.; Franklin, A. B.; Spangle, S. L.; Rinkevich, S. E.; Vahle, J. R.; Howe, F. P.; Dick, Jr., J. L. Dick. 1999. Science Verses Political Reality in Delisting Criteria for a Threatened Species: the Mexican Spotted Owl Experience. Trans. 64th No. Am. Wildl. and Natur. Resour. Conf. p 292-306.
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Ganey, J. L. 1999. Snag density and composition of snag populations on two National Forests in northern Arizona. Forest Ecology and Management. 117(1999): 168-178.
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Gottfried, G. J., P. F. Ffolliott, and M. B. Baker Jr. 1999. Measurement of historical inventory locations to assess changes in forests and woodlands in Arizona. In: J. D. Cook, and B. P. Oswald, comps. First biennial north American forest ecology workshop; 1997 June 24-26; Raleigh, NC. Stevens Point, WI: University of Wisconsin: 51-64.

Barrowclough, G. F., and J. G. Groth. 1999. Demographic inferences from coalescent patterns; mtDNA sequences from a population of Mexican spotted owls. In: N. J. Adams, and R. H. Slotow, eds. Proceedings of the 22nd International Ornithological Congress; 1998 August 16-22; Durban, South Africa. Johannesburg, South Africa: Birdlife South Africa: 1914-1921.
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Ganey, J. L. 1998. Spotted Owl, strix occidentalis. In: The Raptors of Arizona. The University of Arizona Press. The Arizona Game and Fish Department. :170-174.
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Linkhart, B. D., R. T. Reynolds, and R. A. Ryder. 1998. Home range and habitat of breeding flammulated owls in Colorado. Wilson Bulletin. 110(3): 342-351.
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Reynolds, R.T., and S.M. Joy. 1998. Distribution, territory occupancy, dispersal, and demography of northern goshawks on the Kaibab Plateau, Arizona. Final Report for Arizona Game and Fish Heritage Project Number 194045.
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Lance, E. W., and J. A. Cook. 1998. Biogeography of tundra voles (Microtus oeconomus) of Beringia and the southern coast of Alaska. Journal of Mammalogy. 79(1): 53-65.

Kruse, W. H., and M. B. Baker Jr. 1998. Twenty years of watershed response to strip-cutting ponderosa pine in central Arizona. In: D. F. Potts, ed. In: Proceedings of AWRA Specialty Conference. Rangeland management and water resources; 1998 May 27-29; Reno, NV. Herndon, VA: American Water Resources Association: 179-185.

Saab, V. A. 1998. Effects of recreational activity and livestock grazing on habitat use by breeding birds in cottonwood forests along the South Fork Snake River. USDI, Bureau of Land Management, Technical Bulletin No. 98-17. BLM/ID/PT/004-1150.
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Boveng PL, Hiruki LM, Schwartz MK, and Bengston JL. 1998. The effect of leopard seal predation upon Antarctic fur seals at Seal Island, Antarctica. Ecology 8: 2863-2877.

Block, W. M., and M. L. Morrison. 1998. Habitat Relationships of Amphibians and Reptiles in California Oak Woodlands. Journal of Herpetology, Vol. 32, No. 1, pp. 51-60.
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Aigner, P. A., W. M. Block, and M. L. Morrison. 1998. Effect of Firewood Harvesting on Birds in a California Oak-Pine Woodland. Journal of Wildlife Management 62(2):485-496.
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Klopatek, J. M., R. T. Conant, J. M. Francis, M. Joyce, R. A. Malin, K. L. Murphy, and C. C. Klopatek. 1998. Implications of patterns of carbon pools and fluxes across a semiarid environmental gradient. Landscape and Urban Planning. 39(4): 309-317.

Block, W. M., M. L. Morrison, and P. E. Scott. 1998. Development and evaluation of habitat models for herpetofauna and small mammals. Forest science. Vol. 44, no. 3, p. 430-437.
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Ganey, J. L., W. M. Block, J. S. Jenness, and R. A. Wilson. 1998. Mexican spotted owl home range and habitat use in pine-oak forest: Implications for forest management. Forest Science. 45(1): 127-135.
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Ward, Jr., J. P., R. J. Gutiérrez, and B. R. Noon. 1998. Habitat selection by northern spotted owls: the consequences of prey selection and distribution. The Condor. 100(1): 79-92.
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Ruggiero, L. F., D. E. Pearson, S. E. Henry. 1998. Characteristics of American marten den sites in Wyoming. Journal of Wildlife Management 62(2):663-673.
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Willey, D. W. 1998. Movements and habitat utilization by Mexican spotted owls within the Canyonlands of Utah. Flagstaff, AZ: Northern Arizona University. 86 p. Dissertation.
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Willey, D. W., and C. van Riper III. 1998. Ecology of Mexican spotted owls (Strix occidentalis lucida) in the Canyonlands of southern Utah and potential relationships to the GSENM. In: Hill, L.M., ed. Learning from the land: Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument Science Symposium Proceedings; 1997 November 04-05; Salt Lake City, UT. Salt Lake City, UT: U.S. Department of Interior, Bureau of Land Management: 219-228.

Schwartz MK, Tallmon DA, and Luikart G. 1998. Using non-invasive genetic sampling methods and new analytical tools to detect population declines and minimize extinctions. Animal Conservation 1: 293-299.

Sureda, M., and M. L. Morrison. 1998. Habitat use by small mammals in southeastern Utah with reference to Mexican spotted owl management. Great Basin Naturalist 58(1): 76-81.
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Foresman, K. R., and D. E. Pearson. 1998. Comparison of proposed survey procedures for detection of forest carnivores. Journal of Wildlife Management 62(3):1217-1226.

Murphy, K. L., J. M. Klopatek, and C. C. Klopatek. 1998. The effects of litter quality and climate on decomposition along an elevational gradient. Ecological Applications. 8(4): 1061-1071.

Michael K. Schwartz, David A. Tallmon and Gordon Luikart. 1998. Review of DNA-based census and effective population size estimators. Animal Conservation (1998) 1, 293-299.
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Saab, V. A. and J. G. Dudley 1998. Responses of cavity-nesting birds to stand-replacement fire and salvage logging in ponderosa pine/Douglas-fir forests of southwestern Idaho. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Research Paper, RMRS-RP-11.
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Gavin, T. A., R. T. Reynolds, S. M. Joy, D. Leslie, and B. May. 1998. Genetic evidence for low frequency of extra-pair fertilizations in northern goshawks The Condor. 100(3): 556-560.
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Ganey, J. L., and C. M. Dargan. 1998. Avian conservation on National Forest System lands: linking research and management. In: Marzluff, John M.; Sallabanks, Rex, eds. Avian conservation: research and management. Washington, DC: 439-443.
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Reynolds, R. T., and B. D. Linkhart. 1998. Flammulated Owl. In: Glinski, Richard L. ed., The raptors of Arizona. Tucson, AZ: The University of Arizona Press: 140-144.
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Demboski, J. R., B. K. Jacobsen, and J. A. Cook. 1998. Implications of cytochrome b sequence variation for biogeography and conservation of the northern flying squirrels (Glaucomys sabrinus) of the Alexander Archipelago, Alaska. Canadian Journal of Zoology. 76(9): 1771-1777,
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Ganey, J. L. 1998. Spotted Owl. In: Glinski, Richard L., ed. The raptors of Arizona. Tucson, AZ: The University of Arizona Press. 170-174.
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Ganey, J. L., W. M. Block, J. K. Dwyer, B. E. Strohmeyer, and J. S. Jenness. 1998. Dispersal Movements and Survival Rates of Juvenile Mexican Spotted Owls in Northern Arizona. Wilson Bulletin: Vol. 110(2). pp. 206-217.
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Pilgrim, K. P., S. H. Forbes and D. K. Boyd. 1998. Testing for wolf-coyote hybridization in the Rocky Mountains using mitochondrial DNA. Journal of Wildlife Management 62(2):683-689.
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Sieg, C. H. and R. Fletcher. 1998. Fire nourishes biological diversity in the Northern Great Plains. Forestry Research West 4/98 issue, pp. 28-32.
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Johnson, C. L., and R. T. Reynolds. 1998. A new trap design for capturing spotted owls. Journal of Raptor Research. 32(2): 181-182.
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Grubb, T. G., L. L. Pater, and D. K. Delaney. 1998. Logging truck noise near nesting northern goshawks. Res. Note. RMRS-RM-3. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 2 p.
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Sieg, C. H. and H. A. Wright. 1998. Synopsis: the role of prescribed burning in regenerating Quercus macrocarpa and associated woody plants in stringer woodlands in the Black Hills, South Dakota. Pages 28-29 In Schaefer, P.R., ed. Home on the range? trees and shrubs on western rangelands. Proceedings, 2nd Annual Meeting of the Plains and Prairie Forestry Association of North America. June 24-27, 1997. Rapid City, SD.
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Huckaby, L. S., and W. H. Moir. 1998. Forest communities at Fraser Experimental Forest, Colorado. The Southwestern Naturalist. 43(2): 204-218.

Rumble, M. A., C. H. Sieg, D. W. Uresk, and J Javersak. 1998. Native woodlands and birds of South Dakota: past and present. Research Paper RM-6. Fort Collins, CO: USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Delaney, D. K., and T. G. Grubb. 1998. An Infrared Video Camera System for Monitoring Diurnal and Nocturnal Raptors. J. Raptor Res. 32(4):290-296.
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Bowerman, W. W., D. A. Best, T. G. Grubb, G. M. Zimmerman, and J. P. Glesy. 1998. Trends of contaminants and effects in bald eagles of the Great Lakes Basin. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 53: 197-212.
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Moir, W. H., B. W. Geils, M. A. Benoit, and D. Scurlock. 1997. Ecology of southwestern ponderosa pine forests. In: Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-292. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 3-27.
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Dahms, C. W., and B. W. Geils, technical editors. 1997. An Assessment of forest ecosystem health in the Southwest. Fort Collins, Colo. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 97 p. General technical report RM GTR-295.
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Saab, V. A., and T.D. Rich. 1997. Large-scale conservation assessment for Neotropical migratory landbirds in the Interior Columbia River Basin. USDA, Pacific Northwest Research Station, General Technical Report, PNW-GTR-399.
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Saab, V. A. 1997. Cavity-nesting bird responses to stand-replacement fire and postfire salvage logging. Blue Mountains Natural Resources Institute 7:8-9.

Brussaard, L., V. M. Behan-Pelletier, D. E. Bignell, [and others]. 1997. Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in soil. Ambio. 26(8): 563-570.
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Graham, R. T., T. B. Jain, R. T. Reynolds, and D. A. Boyce. 1997. The role of fire in sustaining northern goshawk habitat in Rocky Mountain forests. In: J. M. Greenlee, ed. Proceedings of the first conference on fire effects on rare and endangered species and habitats; 1995 November 13-16; Fairfield, WA: International Association of Wildland Fire: 69-76.

Gottfried, G. J., M. B. Baker Jr., P. F. Ffolliott, and G. K. Colmer. 1997. Snowpack-runoff relationships for a mixed conifer watershed in Arizona. In: Hydrology and water resources in Arizona and the southwest, proceedings of the 1997 meetings of the hydrology section Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, Volume 27. Las Vegas, NV: 1-8.

Rich, K. M., and P. Mehlhop. 1997. Landscape dynamics and considerations. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-292. Fort Collins, CO. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 137-144.
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Ffolliott, P. F., L. F. DeBano, L. A. Strazdas, M. B. Baker, Jr. and G. J. Gottfried. 1997. Hydrology and water resources: a changing emphasis? Proceedings of the 1997 meetings of the hydrology section Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, Volume 27. Las Vegas, NV: Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science. 65-66.

Raish, C., W. Yong, and J. Marzluff. 1997. Contemporary human uses of southwestern ponderosa pine forests. In: Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-292. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 28-42.
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Scurlock, D., and D. M. Finch. 1997. A historical review. In: Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-292. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 43-68.
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Squires, J. R., and S. H. Anderson. 1997. Changes in trumpeter swan (Cygnus buccinator) activities from winter to spring in the greater Yellowstone area. American Midland Naturalist. 138(1): 208-214.

Aigner, P. A., W. M. Block, and M. L. Morrison. 1997. Design recommendations for point counts of birds in California oak-pine woodlands: power, sample size, and count stations versus visits. In: N. H. Pillsbury, J. Verner, W. D. Tietje, tech. coords. Proceedings of a symposium on oak woodlands: ecology, management, and urban interface issues; 1996 March 19-22; San Luis Obispo, CA. Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GTR-160. Albany, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station: 431-439.
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Morrison, M. L., P. R. Krausman, M. Sureda, and L. M. Fox. 1997. Literature on wildlife research in the Madrean archipelago. 1800's-1994. In: Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-290. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Experiment Station: 54 p.
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Young, K. E., P. J. Zwank, R. Valdez, J. L. Dye, and L. A. Tarango. 1997. Diet of Mexican spotted owls in Chihuahua and Aguascalientes, Mexico. Journal of Raptor Research. 31(4): 376-380.
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Grubb, T. G., and W. W. Bowerman. 1997. Variations in breeding bald eagle responses to jets, light planes and helicopters. Journal of Raptor Research. 31(3): 213-222.
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Squires, J. R., and R. T. Reynolds. 1997. Northern goshawk. Squires, J.R., and R.T. Reynolds. 1997. Northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis). In The Birds of North America, No. 298. A. Poole and F. Gill (editors). The Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia, PA, and The American Ornithologists’ Union. Washington, D.C.

Grubb, T. G., J. L. Ganey, and S. R. Masek. 1997. Canopy closure around nest sites of Mexican spotted owls in northcentral Arizona. Journal of Wildlife Management. 61(2): 336-342.

Grubb, T. G., and R. G. Lopez. 1997. Ice fishing by wintering bald eagles in Arizona. Wilson Bulletin. 109(3): 546-548.
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Evans, K. E., ed. 1997. Research needs for forest and rangeland management in Arizona and New Mexico. In: Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-291. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 27 p.
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Hall, L. S., M. L. Morrison, and W. M. Block. 1997. Songbird status and roles. In: Songbird ecology in southwestern ponderosa pine forests: a literature review. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-292. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 69-88.
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Sieg, C. H. 1997. The role of fire in conserving the biological diversity on native rangelands of the Northern Great Plains. Pages 31-38 In D. W. Uresk and G. L. Schenbeck (eds). Proceedings of the symposium on Conserving Diversity of the Northern Great Plains. August 17, 1995. Fort Robison State Park, Nebraska. General Technical Report RM-298. Fort Collins, Co: USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Kirby, D. R., T. P. Hanson, and C. H. Sieg. 1997. Diets of Angora goats grazing leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula) infested rangeland. Weed Technology 11:734-738.
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Sieg, C. H. 1997. The mysteries of a prairie orchid. Endangered Species Bulletin. 22: 12-13.
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Keitt, T., D. Urban, and B. T. Milne. 1997. Detecting critical scales in fragmented landscapes. Conservation Ecology. 1(1): 16-18.
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Ganey, J. L., W. M. Block, J. S. Jenness, and R. A. Wilson. 1997. Comparative habitat use of sympatric Mexican spotted and great horned owls. Journal of Wildlife Research. 2(2): 115-123.
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Johnson, C. L. 1997. Distribution, habitat, and ecology of the Mexican spotted owl in Colorado. Greeley, CO: University of Northern Colorado. 78 p. Thesis.

Klopatek, C. C., and J. M. Klopatek. 1997. Nitrifiers and mycorrhizae in pristine and grazed pinyon-juniper ecosystems. Arid Soil Research and Rehabilitation. 11(4): 331-342.

Block, W. M. and D. M. Finch technical editors. 1997. Songbird Ecology in Southwestern Ponderosa Pine Forests: A Literature Review. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-GTR-292. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. Fort Collins, CO: 152 p.
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Heidmann, L. J., P. F. Ffolliott, and G. J. Gottfried. 1997. Thirty-year growth and yield of a ponderosa pine plantation in Arizona. In: Res. Note RM-537. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 1-6.
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Marzluff, J. M. 1997. Effects of urbanization and recreation on songbirds. In: Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-292. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 89-102.
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Block, W. M., D. M. Finch, J. L. Ganey, and W H. Moir 1997. Summary. Songbird ecology in southwestern ponderosa pine forests: a literature review. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-292. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 145-150.
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Baltosser, W. W., and P. E. Scott. 1997. Costa's Hummingbird. In: Life histories for the 21st Century. Philadelphia, PA. The Academy of Natural Sciences: 32 p.
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Linkhart, B. D., and R. T. Reynolds. 1997. Territories of flammulated owls: is occupancy a measure of habitat quality? In: J. R. Duncan, D. H. Johnson, and T. H. Nicholls, eds., Biology and conservation of owls in the northern hemisphere, second international symposium; 1997 February 5-9; Manitoba, Canada. Gen. Tech. Rep. NC-190. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experimental Station: 250-254.
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Finch, D. M., J. L. Ganey, W. Yong, R. T. Kimball, and R. Sallabanks. 1997. Effects and Interactions of Fire, Logging, and Grazing. In: Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-292. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 103-136.
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Finch, D. M., and W. M. Block. 1997. Introduction. In: Songbird ecology in southwestern ponderosa pine forests: a literature review. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-292. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 1-2.
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Gutiérrez, R. J., and S. Harrison. 1996. Applying metapopulation theory to spotted owl management: a history and critique. In: McCullough, Dale R., ed. Metapopulations and wildlife conservation. Washington, DC: Island Press: 167-185.

Covington, W., and P. K. Wagner. 1996. Conference on adaptive ecosystem restoration and management: restoration of cordilleran conifer landscape of North America; 6-8 June 1995; Flagstaff, AZ/USA. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-278. Fort Collins, CO/USA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 91 p.
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Aigner, P. A. 1996. Effects of firewood harvesting on avian abundance and guild structure in a California oak-pine woodland. Northern Arizona University. 117 p. Thesis.
available from Cline Library

May, C. A., M. Z. Peery, R. J. Gutiérrez, M. E. Seamans, and D. R. Olson. 1996. Feasibility of a random quadrant study designed to estimate changes in density of Mexican spotted owls. In: Res. Pap. RM-322. Fort Collins, CO/USA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 12 p.
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Zeller NK and Schwartz MK. 1996. General Biology Laboratories: evolution and the kingdoms. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, Iowa.

Hall, L. S. 1996. Habitat selection by the elegant trogon at multiple scales Tucson, AZ/USA: University of Arizona. 181 p. Dissertation.

Sureda, M. 1996. Small mammal abundance within Mexican spotted owl home ranges in the Manti-Lasal National Forest, San Juan County, Utah. Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona. 116 p. Thesis.

Squires, J. R., and L. F. Ruggiero. 1996. Nest-site preference of northern goshawks in southcentral Wyoming. Journal of Wildlife Management. 60(1): 170-177.

Kruse, W. H., G. J. Gottfried, D. A. Bennett, and H. Mata-Mangueros. 1996. The role of fire in madrean encinal oak and pinyon-juniper woodland development. In: P. F. Ffolliott, L. F. DeBano, M. B. Baker, G. J. Gottfried, G. Solis-Garza, C. B. Edminster, D. G. Neary, L. S. Allen, and R. H. Hamre, eds. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-289; 1996 March 11-15; Tucson, AZ. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Experiment Station: 99-106.
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Klopatek, C. C. 1996. Melange of below-ground research in arid and semi-arid systems. Video for the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory CEB Meeting. 11 January 1996. Berkeley, CA. Video is also being used for educational purposes at schools in the United States and South America. Video (1hr. 10 min.).

Chojnacky, D. C., and M. E. Rubey. 1996. Smoothing point data into maps using SAS/GRAPH software. Res. Note INT-428. Fort Collins, CO/USA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. 13 p.
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Christoferson, L. L. 1996. Defining breeding habitat for painted redstarts, solitary vireos, and western wood-pewees in riparian areas of southeastern Arizona. Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona. 71 p. Thesis.

Neary, D. G., S. A. Overby, G. J. Gottfried, and M. J. Perry. 1996. Nutrients in fire-dominated ecosystems. In: P. F. Ffolliott, L. F. DeBano, M. B. Baker, G. J. Gottfried, G. Solis-Garza, C. B. Edminster, D. G. Neary, L. S. Allen, and R. H. Hamre, eds. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-289; 1996 March 11-15, Tucson, AZ. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 107-117.

Siders, M., and P. L. Kennedy. 1996. Forest structural characteristics of accipiter nesting habitat: is there an allometric relationship? The Condor. 98(1): 123-132.
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MacDonald, S. O., and J. A. Cook. 1996. The land mammal fauna of southeast Alaska. The Canadian Field-Naturalist. 110(4): 571-598.

Hodgson, A. 1996. Dispersal and habitat use of Mexican spotted owls in New Mexico Reno, NV: University of Nevada. 91 p. Thesis.

Gutiérrez, R. J., M. E. Seamans, and M. Z. Peery. 1996. Intermountain movement by Mexican spotted owls (Strix occidentalis lucida). Great Basin Naturalist. 56(1): 87-89.
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Moir, W. H., and R. Fletcher. 1996. Forest diversity in New Mexico. New Mexico Journal of Science. 36: 232-254.

Peery, M. Z. 1996. A landscape-scale analysis of Humboldt State University. 22 p. Thesis.

Overby, S. T., and H. M. Perry. 1996. Direct effects of prescribed fire on available nitrogen and phosphorus in an Arizona chaparral watershed. Arid Soil Research and Rehabilitation. 10: 347-357.

Hall, L. S., and J. O. Karubian. 1996. Breeding behavior of elegant trogons in southeastern Arizona. AUK. 113(1): 143-150.

Brown, P. M. and C. H. Sieg. 1996. Fire history in interior ponderosa pine communities of the Black Hills, South Dakota, USA. International Journal of Wildland Fire. 6 (3): 97-105.
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Ganey J. L., W. M. Block, and P. F. Boucher. 1996. Effects of Fire on Birds in Madrean Forests and Woodlands. In: P. F. Ffolliott, L. F. DeBano, M. B. Baker, G. J. Gottfried, G. Solis-Garza, C. B. Edminster, D. G. Neary, L. S. Allen, R. H. Hamre, eds. Gen Tech. Rep. RM-289; 1996 March 11-15; Tucson, AZ. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 146-154.
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Clary, W.P., N.L. Shaw, J.G. Dudley, V. A. Saab, J.W. Kinney, L.C. Smithman. 1996. Response of a depleted sagebrush steppe riparian system to grazing control and woody plantings. USDA, Intermountain Research Station, Research Paper INT-RP 492.
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Franklin, A. B., R. J. Gutiérrez, B. R. Noon, and J. P. Ward, Jr. 1996. Demographic characteristics and trends of northern spotted owl populations in northwestern California. In: Studies in avian biology. 17. Camarillo, CA/USA: Cooper Ornithological Society: 83-91.
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Gartner, R. F. and C. H. Sieg. 1996. South Dakota rangelands: more than a sea of grass. Rangelands 18(6):212-216.
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DeBano, L. F., G. J. Gottfried, J. Villanueva-Diaz, P. F. Ffolliott, and D. Valdez-Zamudio. 1996. Initial assessment of fire-damaged mesquite trees following an illegal burn. In: P. F. Ffolliott, L. F. DeBano, M. B. Baker, G. J. Gottfried, G. Solis-Garza, C. B. Edminster, and R. H. Hamre, eds. Effects of fire on Madrean province ecosystems-a symposium proceedings; 1996 March 11-15; Tucson, AZ. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-289. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 226-228.
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Hawksworth, F. G. and D. Wiens. 1996. Dwarf Mistletoes: Biology, Pathology, and Systematics. Washington, D.C. : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, 1996. xii, 410 p. Agriculture handbook no. 709.
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Ffolliott, P. F., D. F. DeBano, D. M. Baker, G. J. Gottfried, G. Solis-Garza, C. B. Edminster, D. G. Neary, L. S. Allen, and R. H. Hamre, eds. 1996. Effects of fire on Madrean province ecosystems-a symposium proceedings. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-289; 1996 March 11-15; Tucson, AZ. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Experiment Station. 277 p.
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Morrison, M. L., W. M. Block, L. S. Hall, L. L. Christoferson, and J. A. Martin. 1996. Linking research and management: conceptual designs and case studies. North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference. 61: 463-471.
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Shaw, D. W. and D. M. Finch, tech coords. 1996. Desired future conditions for Southwestern riparian ecosystems: Bringing interests and concerns together. 1995 Sept. 18-22, 1995; Albuquerque, NM. General Technical Report RM-GTR-272. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 359 p.
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Sieg, C. H. and H. A. Wright. 1996. The role of prescribed burning in regenerating Quercus macrocarpa and associated woody plants in stringer woodlands in the Black Hills, South Dakota and Wyoming. International Journal of Wildland Fire. 6(1): 21-29.
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White, G. C., A. B. Franklin, and J. P. Ward Jr. 1996. Population biology. In: W. M. Block, F. Clemente, J. F. Cully, J. L. Dick Jr., A. B. Franklin, and J. L. Ganey, comps., eds. Recovery plan for the Mexican spotted owl, vol. II. Technical supporting information. Albuquerque, NM/USA: U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service: 25 p.
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Sieg, C. H. and K. E. Severson. 1996. Managing Habitats for white-tailed deer: Black Hills and Bear Lodge Mountains of South Dakota and Wyoming. General Technical Report RM-274. Fort Collins, CO: USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Reynolds, R. T., W. M. Block, and D. A. Boyce, Jr. 1996. Using ecological relationships of wildlife as templates for restoring southwestern forests. In: W. Covington, and P. K. Wagnee, tech. coords. Conference on adaptive ecosystem restoration and management; Fort Collins, CO/USA. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-278. Fort Collins, CO/USA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 35-43.
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Sieg, C. H., D. M. Meko, A. T. DeGaetano, and W. Ni. 1996. Dendroclimatic potential in the Northern Great Plains. Pages 295-302 In J. S. Dean, D. M. Meko, and T. W. Swetnam (eds.) Tree Rings, Environment, and Humanity. Tuscan, AZ: Radiocarbon.
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Dick, Jr., J. L., J. L. Ganey, and W. H. Moir. 1995. Definitions of forest over cover types. In: W. M. Block, F. Clemente, J. F. Cully, J. L. Dick, Jr., A. B. Franklin, and J. L. Ganey, comps., eds. Recovery plan for the Mexican spotted owl, vol. I. Albuquerque, NM/USA: U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service: 52-58.
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Rinkevich, S. E., J. L. Ganey, W. H. Moir, F. P. Howe, and J. F. Montoya. 1995. Recovery units. In: Draft Mexican spotted owl recovery plan. Albuquerque, NM: U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service: 43-75.
Final plan available

Rinkevich, S. E., J. L. Ganey, W. H. Moir, F. P. Howe, F. Clemente, J. F. Martinez-Montoya. 1995. Recovery units. In: W. M. Block, F. Clemente, J. F. Cully, J. L. Dick Jr., A. B. Franklin, and J. L. Ganey, comps., eds. Recovery plan for the Mexican spotted owl, vol. I. Albuquerque, NM/USA: U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service: 36-51.
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Murphy, K. L. 1995. The effects of climate and litter quality on litter decomposition along an environmental gradient. Tempe, AZ/USA: Arizona State University. 123 p. Thesis.

Saab, V. A., C.E. Bock, T.D. Rich, and D.S. Dobkin. 1995. Livestock grazing effects in western North America. In T.E. Martin and D.M. Finch [eds.], Ecology and management of Neotropical migratory birds: a synthesis and review of critical issues. Pages 311-353. Oxford University Press, New York.
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Morrison, M. L., W. M. Block, L. S. Hall, H. S. Stone. 1995. Habitat characteristics and monitoring of amphibians and reptiles in the Huachuca Mountains, Arizona. The Southwestern Naturalist. 40(2): 185-192.

Moir, W. H., J. L. Dick Jr., W. M. Block, J. P. Ward Jr., R. Vahle, and F. P. Howe. 1995. Conceptual framework for recovery. In: W. M. Block, F. Clemente, J. F. Cully, J. L. Dick Jr., A. B. Franklin, J. L. Ganey, comps., eds. Recovery plan for the Mexican spotted owl, vol. I. Albuquerque, NM/USA: U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service: 59-75.
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Rinkevich, S. E., J. L. Ganey, J. P. Ward Jr., G. C. White, D. L. Urban, and A. B. Franklin. 1995. General biology and ecological relationships of the Mexican spotted owl. In: W. M. Block, F. Clemente, J. F. Cully, J. L. Dick Jr., A. B. Franklin, and J. L. Ganey, comps., eds. Recovery plan for the Mexican spotted owl, vol. I. Albuquerque, NM/USA: U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service: 19-35.
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Sieg, C. H. and R. King. 1995. Influence of environmental factors and preliminary demographic analysis of a threatened orchid, Platanthera praeclara. American Midland Naturalist. 134: 307-323.
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Gutiérrez, R. J., A. B. Franklin, A.B., and W. S. LaHaye. 1995. Spotted owl. In: The birds of North America #179. Philadelphia, PA/USA: The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia: 28 p.
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Sieg, C. H., D. M. Meko, A. T. DeGaetano, J. R. Miller, M. J. Bunkers, and W. Ni. 1995. An analysis of drought in the Northern Great Plains: summary of progress. Pages 20-22 In R. W. Tinus (tech. ed.) Interior West Global Change Workshop, April 25-27, 1995. General Technical Report RM-262. Fort Collins, CO: USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Kruse, W. H., and H. M. Perry. 1995. Ecosystem management research in an "old growth" pinon-juniper woodland. In: Desired future conditions for pinon-juniper ecosystems; 1994 August 8-12; Flagstaff, AZ. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-258. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 219-224.
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Kruse, W. H. 1995. Effects of fuelwood harvesting on small mammal populations in a pinon-juniper woodland. In: Desired future conditions for pinon-juniper ecosystems; 1994 August 8-12; Flagstaff, AZ. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-258. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 91-96.
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Klopatek, C. C., K. L. Murphy, J. Rosen, J. R. Obst, and J. M. Klopatek. 1995. Preliminary results of decomposition and cellulose degradation along an environmental gradient in northern Arizona. In: Desired future conditions for pinon-juniper ecosystems; 1994 August 8-12; Flagstaff, AZ. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-258. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 46-53.
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Klopatek, C. C., K. L. Murphy, and J. M. Klopatek. 1995. Preliminary results of carbon cycling in southwestern ecosystems: implications for climate change. In: R. W. Tinus, ed. Proceedings of the interior west global change program workshop; 1995 April 25-27; Fort Collins, CO. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-262. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 51-56.
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Grubb, T. G. 1995. Constructing Bald Eagle Nests With Natural Materials. Research note RM ; RN-535. Fort Collins, Colo. : USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station.
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Keitt, T., A. B. Franklin, and D. Urban. 1995. Landscape analysis and metapopulation structure. In: W. M. Block, F. Clemente, J. F. Cully, J. L. Dick Jr., A. B. Franklin, and J. L. Ganey, comps., eds. Recovery plan for the Mexican spotted owl, vol. II. Technical supporting information. Albuquerque, NM/USA: U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service:16 p
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Lundquist, J. E., and J. P. Ward Jr. 1995. Describing the conditions of forest ecosystems using disturbance profiles. In: Forest health through silviculture; 8-11 May, 1995: Mescalero, NM/USA. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-267. Fort Collins, CO/USA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station: 128-134.
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Ward, Jr., J. P., and W. M. Block. 1995. Mexican spotted owl prey ecology. In: W. M. Block, F. Clemente, J. F. Cully, J. L. Dick, Jr., A. B. Franklin, and J. L. Ganey, comps., eds. Recovery plan for the Mexican spotted owl, vol. II. Technical supporting information. Albuquerque, NM/USA: U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service: 48 p.
Final plan available

Squires, J. R., and L. F. Ruggiero. 1995. Winter movements of adult northern goshawks that nested in south-central Wyoming. Journal of Raptor Research. 29(1): 5-9.

Ganey, J. L., and J. L. Dick, Jr. 1995. Habitat relationships of the Mexican spotted owl: current knowledge. In: Draft Mexican spotted owl recovery plan. Albuquerque, NM: U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service: 207-273.
Final plan available

Block, W. M., F. Clemente, J. F. Cully, J. L. Dick, Jr., A. B. Franklin, and J. L. Ganey. 1995. Recovery plan for the Mexican spotted owl, vol. I. Albuquerque, NM/USA: U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. 172 p.
Final plan available

Ganey, J. L., and F. P. Howe. 1995. Introduction. In: Draft Mexican spotted owl recovery plan. Albuquerque, NM: U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service: 41-42.
Final plan available

Toure, B. 1995. Soil moisture and moisture stress of C3 and C4 grasses along an environmental gradient. Tempe, AZ/USA: Arizona State University. 73 p. Thesis.

Squires, J. R., and S. H. Anderson. 1995. Trumpeter Swan (Cygnus buccinator) food habits in the greater Yellowstone ecosystems. American Midland Naturalist. 133: 274-282.

Zabel, C. J., K. McKelvey, and J. P. Ward Jr. 1995. Influence of primary prey on home-range size and habitat-use patterns of northern spotted owls (Strix occidentialis caurina). Canadian Journal of Zoology. 73: 433-439.
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Block, W. M., F. Clemente, J. F. Culey, A. B. Franklin, and J. L. Ganey. 1995. Draft Mexican spotted owl recovery plan. Albuquerque, NM: U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. 646 p.
Final plan available

Block, W. M., D. M. Finch, and L. A. Brennan 1995. Single species versus multiple-species approaches for management. In: T. E. Martin, and D. E. Finch, comps., eds. Ecology and management of neotropical migratory birds: a synthesis and review of critical issues. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press: 461-476.
Publishers web site

Grubb, T. G. 1995. Food habits of bald eagles breeding in the Arizona desert. Wilson Bulletin. 107(2): 258-274.
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Ganey, J. L., and J. L. Dick, Jr. 1995. Habitat relationships of the Mexican spotted owl: current knowledge. In: Block, W. M.; Clemente, F.; Cully, J. F.; Dick, Jr., J. L.; Franklin, A. B.; Ganey, J. L., comps., eds. Recovery plan for the Mexican spotted owl, vol. II. Technical supporting information. Albuquerque, NM/USA: U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service: 42 p.
Final plan available

Ward, Jr., J. P., and W. M. Block. 1995. Mexican spotted owl prey ecology. In: Draft Mexican spotted owl recovery plan. Albuquerque, NM: U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service: 274-358.
Final plan available

Ward, Jr., J. P., A. B. Franklin, S. E. Rinkevich, and F. Clemente. 1995. Distribution and abundance. In: W. M. Block, F. Clemente, J. F. Cully, J. L. Dick Jr., A. B. Franklin, and J. L. Ganey, comps., eds. Recovery plan for the Mexican spotted owl, vol. II. Technical supporting information. Albuquerque, NM/USA: U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service: 14p.
Final plan available

Ward, J. M. 1995. Effects of supplemental food on the reproductive ecology of the northern goshawk during brood rearing. Fort Collins, CO/USA: Colorado State University. 43 p. Thesis.
available from CSU library

Block, W. M., F. Clemente, J. F. Cully, J. L. Dick, Jr., and A. B. Franklin. 1995. Recovery plan for the Mexican spotted owl, vol. II. Technical supporting information. Albuquerque, NM/USA: U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. 150 p.
Final plan available

Seamans, M. E., and R. J. Gutiérrez. 1995. Breeding habitat of Mexican spotted owls in the Tularosa Mountains, NM. Condor. 97(4): 944-952.
800k pdf author contact

Ward, Jr., J. P., A. B. Franklin, S. E. Rinkevich, and F. Clemente. 1995. Distribution and abundance. In: Draft Mexican spotted owl recovery plan. Albuquerque, NM: U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service: 97-122.
Final plan available

Siders, M. 1995. Nesting habitat of sympatric accipiters in north central New Mexico. Fort Collins, CO/USA: Colorado State University. 111 p. Thesis.
available from CSU library

Graham, R. T., R. T. Reynolds, M. H. Reiser, R. L. Bassett, and D. A. Boyce. 1994. Sustaining forest habitat for the northern goshawk: a question of scale. In: The northern goshawk: ecology and management; 1993 April 14-15; Sacramento, CA. Studies in Avian Biology No. 16. Lawrence, KS: Cooper Ornithological Society: 12-17.
full text PDF (0.310 MB)

Block, W. M., M. L. Morrison, and M. H. Rieser. 1994. Introduction. In: The northern goshawk: ecology and management; 1993 April 14-15; Sacramento, CA. Studies in Avian Biology No. 16. Lawrence, KS: Cooper Ornithological Society: 1-2.
full text PDF (0.046 MB)

Bassett, R. L., D. A. Boyce, Jr., M. H. Reiser, R. T. Graham, and R. T. Reynolds. 1994. Influence of site quality and stand density on goshawk habitat in southwestern forests. In: The northern goshawk: ecology and management; 1993 April 14-15; Sacramento, CA. Studies in Avian Biology No. 16. Lawrence, KS: Cooper Ornithological Society: 41-45.
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Reynolds, R. T., S. M. Joy, and D. G. Leslie. 1994. Nest productivity, fidelity, and spacing of northern goshawks in Arizona. In: The northern goshawk: ecology and management; 1993 April 14-15; Sacramento, CA. Studies in Avian Biology No. 16. Lawrence, KS: Cooper Ornithological Society: 106-113.
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Klopatek, C. C., C. Friese, M. F. Allen, and J. M. Klopatek. 1994. Comparisons of field and laboratory studies on the effects of fire on VA mycorrhizal fungi. In: Proceedings of the 12th conference on fire and forest meteorology; 1993 October 26-28; Jekyll Island, GA. SAF Publ. 94-02. Bethesda, MD: Society of American Foresters: 762-776.

Joy, S. M., R. T. Reynolds, and D. G. Leslie. 1994. Northern goshawk broadcast surveys: hawk response variables and survey cost. In: The northern goshawk: ecology and management; 1993 April 14-15; Sacramento, CA. Studies in the Avian Biology No. 16. Lawrence, KS: Cooper Ornithological Society: 24-30.
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Kennedy, P. L., J. M. Ward, G. A. Rinker, and J. A. Gessaman. 1994. Post-fledging areas in northern goshawk home ranges. In: The northern goshawk: ecology and management; 1993 April 14-15; Sacramento, CA. Studies in Avian Biology No. 16. Lawrence, KS: Cooper Ornithological Society: 75-82.
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Klopatek, C. C. 1994. Effect of fire on mycorrhizae Women in Natural Resources. 15(3):14-15.

Sieg, C. H. and A. J. Bjugstad. 1994. Five years of following the western prairie fringed orchid (Platanthera praeclara) on the Sheyenne National Grassland, North Dakota. Pages 141-146 In R. G. Wickett, P. D. Lewis, A. Woodliffe, and P. Pratt, (eds). Proceedings of the 13th North American Prairie Conference, August 6-9, 1992. Windsor, Ontario, Canada. Windsor: Preney Print and Litho Inc.
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Ganey, J. L. and W. M. Block. 1994. A comparison of two techniques for measuring canopy closure. Western journal of applied forestry. Vol. 9, no. 1. p. 21-23.
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Zhou, B. 1994. Quantifying Mexican spotted owl habitat with the Johnson system of distributions. Flagstaff, AZ: Northern Arizona University. 169 p. Thesis.
available from Cline Library

Joy, S. M., R. T. Reynolds, R. L. Knight, and R. W. Hoffman 1994. Feeding ecology of sharp-shinned hawks in deciduous and coniferous forests in Colorado. Condor 96:455-467
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Scott, P. E., and B. R. McKinney. 1994. Brown-headed cowbird removes blue-gray gnatcatcher nestlings. Journal of Field Ornithology. 65(3): 363-364.
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Scott, P. E. 1994. Lucifer Hummingbird. No. 134. Washington, DC: The American Ornithologists Union. 20 p.
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Grubb, T. G., W. W. Bowerman, and P. H. Howey. 1994. Tracking local and seasonal movements of wintering bald eagles Haliaeetus leucocephalus from Arizona and Michigan with satellite telemetry. In: Proceedings of the IV world conference on birds of prey and owls; 1992 May 10-17; Berlin, Germany. Near Robertsbridge, East Sussex: Helm Information: 347-358.

Bright-Smith, D. J., and R. W. Mannan. 1994. Habitat use by breeding male northern goshawks in northern Arizona. In: The northern goshawk: ecology and management; 1993 April 14-15; Sacramento, CA. Studies in Avian Biology No. 16. Lawrence, KS: Cooper Ornithological Society: 58-65.
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Ganey, J. L. and R. P. Balda. 1994. Habitat selection by Mexican Spotted Owls in Northern Arizona. Auk 111:162-169.
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Perry, H. M. 1994. Fuelwood harvesting and prescribed fire. Women in Natural Resources. 15(3): 15 p.

Hall, L. S., M. L. Morrison, and W. M. Block. 1994. Current Status of Terrestrial Birds on the Islands of Mono Lake. The Southwestern Naturalist.Vol 39, no. 2.

Block, W. M., M. L. Morrison, and M. H. Reiser, eds. 1994. The northern goshawk: ecology and management; 1993 April 14-15; Sacramento, CA. Studies in Avian Biology No. 16. Lawrence, KS: Cooper Ornithological Society: 136 p.
full text PDF (9.666 MB)

Boal, C. W. 1994. A photographic and behavioral guide to aging nestling northern goshawks. In: The northern goshawk: ecology and management; 1993 April 14-15; Sacramento, CA. Studies in Avian Biology No. 16. Lawrence, KS: Cooper Ornithological Society: 32-40.
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Aigner, P. A., M. L. Morrison, L. S. Hall, and W. M. Block. 1994. Great Horned Owl Food Habits at Mono Lake, California. The Southwestern Natuuralist Vol 39, no. 3.
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Kaufmann, M.R., Graham, R.T., Boyce D.A. Jr.,Moir, W.H. Perry, L., Reynolds, R.T., Bassett, R.L., Mehlhop, P., Edminster, C.B., Block, W. M., and Corn, P.S. 1994. An Ecological Basis for Ecosystem Management. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-246. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station.
full text PDF (1.314 MB)

Seamans, M. E. 1994. Breeding habitat ecology of the Mexican spotted owl in the Tularosa Mountains, New Mexico. Humboldt State University. 64 p. Thesis.

Block, W. M., M. L. Morrison, J. Verner, and P. N. Manley. 1994. Assessing wildlife-habitat-relationships models: a case study with California oak woodlands. Wildlife Society Bulletin. 22(4): 549-561.
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Boal, C. W., and R. W. Mannan. 1994. Northern goshawk diets in ponderosa pine forests on the Kaibab Plateau. In: The northern goshawk: ecology and management; 1993 April 14-15; Sacramento, CA. Studies in Avian Biology No. 16. Lawrence, KS: Cooper Ornithological Society: 97-102.
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Ward, J. M., and P. L. Kennedy. 1994. Approaches to investigating food limitation hypotheses in raptor populations: an example using the northern goshawk. In: The northern goshawk: ecology and management; 1993 April 14-15; Sacramento, CA. Studies in Avian Biology No. 16. Lawrence, KS: Cooper Ornithological Society: 114-118.
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Siders, M. S., and P. L. Kennedy. 1994. Nesting habitat of accipiter hawks: is body size a consistent predictor of nest habitat characteristics? In: The northern goshawk: ecology and management; 1993 April 14-15; Sacramento, CA. Studies in Avian Biology No. 16. Lawrence, KS: Cooper Ornithological Society: 92-96.
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Finch, D. M., W. M. Block, R. A. Fletcher and L. F. Fager. 1993. Integrating neotropical migratory birds into Forest Service plans for ecosystem management. Transactions of the fifty-eighth North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference. p. 417-421.
full text PDF (0.067 MB)

Boal, C. W. 1993. Northern goshawk diets in ponderosa pine forests in northern Arizona. Tucson, AZ/USA: University of Arizona. 60 p. Thesis.
author contact

Manley, P. N., W. M. Block, F. R. Thompson, G. S. Butcher, C. Paige, L. H. Suring, D. S. Winn, D. Roth, C. J. Ralph, E. Morris, C. H. Flather, and K. Byford. 1993. Guidelines for Monitoring Populations of Neotropical Migratory Birds on National Forests Sysyem Lands. Monitoring Task Group Report. USDA Forest Service, Wildlife and Fisheries Staff, Washington DC. July 1993.
full text PDF (5.754 MB)

Bunkers, M. J., C. H. Sieg and A. T. DeGaetano. 1993. A comparison of divisional growing season drought between western and southeastern South Dakota. Proceedings South Dakota Academy of Sciences 72: 141-160.
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Sieg, C. H. 1993. A classification of soils in bur oak woodlands in the foothills of the Black Hills, South Dakota. Soil Science. 155(2): 131-147.
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Sieg, C. H. and C. W. O'Brien. 1993. Stethobaris commixta Blatchley (Cooleoptera: Curculionidae) collected from a species of orchid; Platanthera praeclara Sheviak and Bowles, in North Dakota tall-grass prairie. Prairie Naturalist. 25(l): 81.
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Bengston JL, Jansen JK, Meyer WR, Miller RV, Schwartz MK, and Walker BW. 1993. AMLR Program: fur seal and seabird studies at Seal Island, South Shetland Islands during the 1992/93 austral summer. Antarctic Journal 14: 21-24.

Smith, D. J. 1993. Habitat use by breeding male northern goshawks in northern Arizona. Tucson, AZ/USA: University of Arizona. 71 p. Thesis.

Ganey, J. L., Balda, R. P., King, R. M. 1993. Metabolic rate and evaporative water loss of Mexican Spotted and Great Horned Owls. Wilson Bulletin 105 (4) 645-656.
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Block, W. M. and L. A. Brennan. 1993. The habitat concept in ornithology : theory and applications. Current ornithology. Volume 11. p. 35-91.
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Clancy, K.M., J.K. Itami, and D. P. Huebner. 1993. Douglas-fir nutrients and terpenes: potential resistance factors to western spruce budworm defoliation. Forest Science 39(1).

Block, W. M. 1993. The biology of rare and declining species and habitats: session summary. Conference on sustainable ecological systems : Sustainable ecological systems: implementing an ecological approach to land management. Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, July 12-15, 1993.
full text PDF (0.394 MB)

Morrison, M. L., W. M. Block, J. R. Jehl, Jr., and L. S. Hall. 1992. Terrestrial vertebrates of the Mono Lake islands, California. The Great Basin naturalist. Vol. 52, no. 4. p. 328-334 : map.
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Ganey, J. L. 1992. Food habits of Mexican spotted owls in Arizona. Wilson Bulletin. Vol. 104, no. 2:321-326.
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Reynolds, R. T., and Brian D. Linkhart. 1992. Flammulated Owls in Ponderosa Pine: Evidence of Preference for Old Growth. Paper presented at the Workshop on Old-growth Forests in the Southwest and Rocky Mountain Region, (Portal, AZ, March 3-5, 1992).
full text PDF (0.127 MB)

Block, W. M., J. L. Ganey, K. E. Severson, and M. L. Morrison. 1992. Use of Oaks by Neotropical Migratory Birds in the Southwest. Pages 65-70 in: Ecology and management of oak and associated woodlands: perspectives in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. GTR RM-218
full text PDF (0.618 MB)

Block, W. M., and K. E. Severson. 1992. Habitat Associations of Birds and Herpetofauna in Southeastern Arizona. Chiricahua Mountains Research Symposium Proceedings.
full text PDF (0.139 MB)

Reynolds, R.T., R.T. Graham, M.H. Reiser, R.L. Bassett, P.L. Kennedy, D.A. Boyce Jr., G. Goodwin, R. Smith and E.L. Fisher. 1992. Management Recommendations for the Northern Goshawk in the Southwestern United States. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-GTR-217. Fort Collins, CO: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station: 91 p.
5MB .pdf

Ganey, J. L., R. B. Duncan, W. M. Block. 1992. Use of Oak and Associated Woodlands by Mexican Spotted Owls in Arizona. In: Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-GTR-218. Fort Collins, CO: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station.:125-128.
full text PDF (1.555 MB)

Block, W. M. and M. L. Morrison. 1991. Influence of scale on the management of wildlife in California oak woodlands. In: Proceedings of the Symposium on Oak Woodlands and Hardwood Rangeland Management : October 31-November 2, 1990, Davis, California. General technical report PSW. p. 96-104.
full text PDF (0.631 MB)

Block, W. M., L. A. Brennan, and R. J. Gutierrez. 1991. Ecomorphological Relationships of a guild of ground-foraging birds in Northern California, USA. Oecologia (1991) 87:449-458.

Grubb, T. G. 1991. Modifications of the Portable Rocket-Net Capture System to Improve Performance. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, March 1980. Research Note RM-502.
full text PDF (1.215 MB)

Morrison, M. L., W. M. Block, and J. Verner. 1991. Wildlife-Habitat Relationships in California's Oak Woodlands: Where Do We Go from Here? Pages 105-109 in: Proceedings of the Symposium on Oak Woodlands and Hardwood Rangeland Management. October 31-November 2, 1990. Davis California. GTR PSW-123.

Sieg, C.H. 1991. Geographic affinity of bird species associated with Rocky Mountain juniper woodlands and adjacent grasslands in southwestern South Dakota. Prairie Naturalist. 23(l): 25-33.
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Block, W. M. 1991. Foraging ecology of Nuttall's woodpecker. Auk. Vol. 108: 303-317.
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Manweiler, S. A., R. S. Lane, W. M. Block, and M. L. Morrison. 1990. Survey of Birds and Lizardsd for Ixodid Ticks (Acari) and Spirochetal Infection in Northern California. J. Med. Entomol. 27(6): 1011-1015.

Block, W. M. 1990. Geographic variation in foraging ecologies of breeding and nonbreeding birds in oak woodlands. Avian foraging : theory, methodology, and applications : proceedings of an international symposium of the Cooper Ornithological Society held at Asilomar, California, December 18-19, 1988. Studies in avian biology ; no. 13. p. 264-269.
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Joy, Suzanne M. 1990. Feeding ecology of sharp-shinned hawks and nest-site characteristics of accipiters in Colorado. Colorado State University. M.S. Thesis. 72 pp.
available from CSU library

Reynolds, R. T., S. M. Joy, and T. Mears 1990. Predation and observation records of boreal owls in Western Colorado. Colo. Field Ornith. 24:99-101

Block, W. M., M. L. Morrison, and J. Verner. 1990. Wildlife and Oak-Woodland Interdependency. p 72-76 in: Fremontia. Year of the Oak. July 1990.

Reynolds, R. T., and B. D. Linkhart. 1990. Extra-pair copulation and extra-range movements in Flammulated Owls. Ornis Scandinavica 21:1 pp 74-77.
full text PDF (0.109 MB)

Ganey, J. L. 1990. Calling Behavior of Spotted Owls in Northern Arizona. Condor: Vol. 92, No. 2, March-April, 1990
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Reynolds, R. T., and B. D. Linkhart. 1990. Longevity records for male and female flammulated owls. Journal Field Ornithology 61: 243-244.
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Noon, B.R.; Block, W. M. 1990. Analytical considerations for study design. Pages 126-133 in: Morrison, M.L.; Ralph, C.J.; Verner, J.; Jehl, J.R., eds., Avian Foraging: Theory, Methodology, and Applications. Studies in Avian Biology. Issue 13.
full text PDF (0.101 MB)

Block, W. M., and M. L. Morrison. 1990. Wildlife diversity of the central Sierra foothills. Pages 19-22 in California Agriculture, March-April.

Ganey, J. L., M. E. Alderson, R. P. Balda, and D. R. Patton. 1990. Developing a Large-Scale Model or Mexican Spotted Owl Habitat. Pages 182-189 in P. R. Krausman and N. S. Smith, eds. Managing wildlife in the southwest. Ariz. Chap. the Wildl. Soc. Phoenix, Ariz.

Sieg, C. H. and D. M. Becker. 1990. Nest-site habitat selected by Merlins in southeastern Montana. The Condor. 92:688-694.
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Ganey, J. L. and R. P. Balda. 1989. Distribution and habitat use of Mexican spotted owls in Arizona. Condor. Vol. 91:355-361.
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Morrison, M. L., L. A. Brennan, and W. M. Block. 1989. Arthropod Sampling Methods in Ornithology: Goals and Pitfalls. In Estimation and Analysis of Insect Populations. Proceedings of a conference held in Laramie, Wyoming, January 25-29, 1988. L. McDonald, B. Manly, J. Lockwood, J. Logan (Eds.)

Grubb, T. G., and W. L. Eakle. 1988. Recording Wildlife Locations with the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Grid System. Research Note RM-483
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Grubb, T. G. 1988. A Portable Rocket-Net System for Capturing Wildlife. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, March 1980. Research Note RM-484.
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Hodorff, R. A., C. H. Sieg, and R. L. Linder. 1988. Wildlife response to stand structure of deciduous woodlands. Journal of Wildlife Management. 52(4): 667-673.
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Grubb, Teryl G.; Forbis, Larry A.; McWhorter, Marta; Sherman, David R. 1988. Adaptive perch selection as a mechanism of adoption by a replacement Bald Eagle. Source: Wilson Bulletin 100 (2) 302-305.
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Block, W. M., M. L. Morrison, J. C. Slaymaker, and G. Jongejan. 1988. Design Consideration for the Study of Amphibians, Reptiles, and Small Mammals in California's Oak Woodlands: Temporal and Spatial Patterns. Pages 247-253 in: Management of Amphibians, Reptiles, and Small Mammals in North America. July 19-21, 1988. Proceedings. GTR RM-166.
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Sieg, C. H. 1988. Small mammals: pests or vital components of the ecosystem. In D. W Uresk, G. L. Schenbeck, and R. Cefkin. tech. coord., Eighth Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings. April 28-29, 1987, Rapid City, SD. General Technical Report RM-154. Fort Collins, CO: USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station.
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Brennan, L. A., W. M. Block, and R. J. Gutierrez. 1987. Habitat Use by Mountain Quail in Norhern California. The Condor 89:66-74.
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Sieg, C. H., D. W. Uresk, and R. M. Hansen. 1987. Impact of bentonite mining on selecting arthropods. Journal of Range Management. 40(2): 128-131.
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Block, W. M., L. A. Brennan, and R. J. Gutierrez. 1987. Evaluation of Guild-indicator Species for Use in Resource Management. Environmental Management. Vol 11. No 2. pp 265-269.

Block, W. M., and L. A. Brannan. 1987. Characteristics of Lewis' Woodpecker Habitat on the Modoc Plateau, California. Western Birds 18: 209-212, 1987.

Becker, D. M. and C. H. Sieg. 1987. Eggshell quality and organochlorine residues in eggs of Richardson's Merlins in southeastern Montana. Canadian Field-Naturalist. 101(3):369-372.
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Becker, D. M. and C. H. Sieg. 1987. Home range and habitat utilization of breeding male merlins, Falco columbarius, in southeastern Montana. Canadian Field-Naturalist. 101(3): 398-403.
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Block, W. M., and M. L. Morrison. 1987. Conceptual Framework anf Ecological Considerations for the Study of Birds in Oak Woodlands. In: Gen. Tech. Rep PSW-100. Berkeley, CA. Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture; 1987. p163-173.
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Linkhart, B. D., and R. T. Reynolds. 1987. Brood division and postnesting behavior of flammulated owls. Wilson Bulletin 99: 240-243.
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Morrison, Michael L., Kimberly, A.; Timossi, Irene C.; Block, William M.; Milne, Kathleen A 1987. Foraging behavior of bark-foraging birds in the Sierra Nevada. Condor 89 (1) 201-204.
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Block, W. M., K. A. With, and M. L. Morrison. 1987. On measuring bird habitat: influence of observer variability and sample size. Condor. Vol. 89, no. 2 p. 241-251.
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Sieg, C. H., D. W. Uresk, and R. M. Hansen. 1986. The value of bentonite mine spoils in southeastern Montana as small mammal habitat. Northwest Science. 60(4): 218-224.
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Hodorff, R. A., and C. H. Sieg. 1986. Bird species associated with green ash in the Slim Buttes, South Dakota. South Dakota Bird Notes. 38(3): 56-60.
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Brennan, L. A., and W. M. Block. 1986. Line Transect Estimates of Mountain Quail Density. J. Wildl. Manage. 50(3):373-377.

Block, W. M., L. A. Brennan, and R. J. Gutierrez. 1986. The Use of Guilds and Guild-Indicator Species for Assessing Habitat Suitability. Chapter 18 (p 109-11) in J. Vernor et al (eds) Wildlife 2000: Modeling Relationships of Terrestrial Vertebrate 1986

Brennan, L. A., and W. M. Block. 1985. Sex Determination of Mountain Quail Reconsidered. J. Wildl. Manage. 49(2):475-476.

Reynolds, R. T., Brian D. Linkhart, and Judy-Jo Jeanson. 1985. Characteristics of snags and trees containing cavities in a Colorado conifer forest. USDA Forest Service. Research note RM-455, Fort Collins, Colo.
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Becker, D. M. and C. H. Sieg 1985. Breeding chronology and reproductive success of Richardson's Merlins in southeastern Montana. Raptor Research. 19: 52-55.
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Reynolds, R. T., and E. C. Meslow. 1984. Partitioning of Food and Niche Characteristics of Coexisting Accipiter During Breeding. The Awk 101:761-779.
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Reynolds, R. T., and B. D. Linkhart. 1984. Methods and materials for capturing and monitoring flammulated owls. Great Basin Naturalist 44: 51.
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Paulson, D. D. and C. H. Sieg. 1984. Long-eared owls nesting in Badlands National Park. South Dakota Bird Notes 36(4): 72-75.
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Sieg, C. H., D. W. Uresk, and R. M. Hansen. 1984. Natural growth of Atriplex suckleyi ((Torrey) Rydb.) on bentonite mine spoils in southeastern Montana. Pages 53-38 In: A. R. Tiedemann, H. C. McArthur, R. Stutz, R. Stevens, and K. L. Johnson, compilers. Proceedings - Symposium on the biology of Atriplex and related chenopods, May 2-6, 1983, Provo, UT. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-172. Provo, UT: USDA Forest Service Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station.
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Brennan, L. A., W. M. Block, and R. J. Gutierrez. 1984. The Use of Multivariate Statistics for Developing Habitat Suitability Index Models. Chapter 27 in: Wildlife 2000. Modeling Habitat Relationships of Terrestrial Vertebrates. The University of Wisconsin Press.

Sieg, C. H., D. W. Uresk, and R. M. Hansen. 1983. The biological costs of not reclaiming bentonite mine spoils. Pages 272-277 In Proceedings of the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Conference. July 18-22, 1982. Las Vegas, NV.
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Reynolds, R. T. 1983. Management of western coniferous forests habitat for nesting accipiter hawks. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, USDA Forest Service, Fort Collins, CO. GTR RM-102.
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Grubb, T. G.; Coffey, Michael A. 1982. Evidence of Bald Eagles feeding on freshwater mussels. Wilson Bulletin 94 (1) 84-85.
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Reynolds, R. T., E. C. Meslow, and H. M. Wight. 1982. Nesting Habitat of Coexisting Accipiter in Oregon. J. Wildl. Manage. 46(1):1982.

Reynolds, R. T., J. M. Scott and R. A. Nussbaum 1980. A variable circular-plot method for estimating bird numbers. Condor. -- Vol. 82, no. 3, p 309-313.
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Grubb, T. G. 1980. An Artificial Bald Eagle Nest Structure. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, March 1980. Research Note RM-383.
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Reynolds, R. T. and Wight. 1978. Distribution, density, and productivity of accipiter hawks breeding in Oregon. Wilson Bulletin 90:182-196.A
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Grubb, T. G. 1976. Nesting bald eagles attack researcher. Auk 93: 842-843.
full text PDF (0.133 MB)

Snyder, N. F. R., H. A. Snyder, J. L. Lincer, and R. T. Reynolds. 1973. Organochlorines, heavy metals, and the biology of North American accipiters. BioScience 23: 300-305.

Reynolds, R. T. 1972. Sexual Dimorphism in Accipiter Hawks: A New Hypothesis. The Condor. Vol. 74, No. 2, pp. 191-197.
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Reynolds, R. T. 1971. A recent occurrence of a colony of white-throated swifts in Central Oregon. Murrelet 52:22.

Reynolds, R. T. 1970. Nest observations of the long-eared owl (Asio otus) in Benton County, Oregon, with notes on their food habitats. Murrelet 51: 8-9.
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Gaines, Edward M. Shaw, Elmer W. 1958. Half a century of research - Fort Valley Experimental Forest 1908-1958. Station Paper 38. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. 17 p.
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Pearson, G. A. 1913. A Meteorological Study of Parks and Timbered Areas in the Western Yellow-Pine Forests of Arizona and New Mexico. Monthly Weather Review, Vol. No. 41, pages 1615-1629.
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Pearson, G. A. 1910. The Coconino Forest Experiment Station Near Flagstaff, Ariz. Monthly Weather Review, Volume 38, Issue 3.
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Mattoon, W. R. 1909. Measurements of the Effects of Forest Cover Upon the Conservation of Snow Waters. Forest Quarterly 7(3): 245-248.
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